Araucana (ukuzaliswa kwezinkukhu): inkcazo yohlobo kunye nokuhlaziywa

I-Araucana yintlobo yeenkuku eziza kuhlobisa. Ilizwe leentlobo ezininzi ezinjalo yi-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia: iJapan, i-Indonesia, i-China, i-Indiya. Yaye ininzi yeentlobo zaqala ngokubaluleka ngokoqobo - ukwamkela amaqanda okanye inyama. Kamva, ngenxa yolwabiwo lwempawu ezithile (ubude, umbala, isakhiwo seepeni, njl.), Iinkukhu zembonakalo yangaphandle. Baqala ukubekwa njengento yokuhlobisa.

Iidonga zokuhlobisa

Kukho izihlandlo eziliqela zokuzalisa iintaka. Ukongeza kumthengi oqhelekileyo (amaqanda, inyama), kukho i-aesthetic - izitye zokuhlobisa. I-Araucana yintlobo yeenkukhu (isithombe kwisicatshulwa), esidibanisa ngempumelelo izihlandlo zombini.

Ukulima kweenkukhu kuhlobisa i-niche enkulu kwaye kunabalandeli abaninzi. Leli candelo elithile, ukubonelela ukuzaliswa, ukuphucula nokuzaliswa kweentlobo ezingaqhelekanga zeentaka, kubandakanywa nezinkukhu, umbutho weemiboniso, iinkomfa kunye namaforamu kwimibandela yenkcazo yeenkukhu zokuhlobisa. Ababelethi bazama ukuvelisa iintlobo zokubhabisa kunye nenyama okanye ukuhamba kwenyama ukuze banomdla abathandayo inkukhu ezinobunqabileyo, ngoko ke kulondoloze i-gene yolwandle yeentaka.

Ndiyabulela kubalandeli beentaka ezingaphandle, iintlobo ezininzi zeentlobo ezinqabileyo, ezingenayo inkukhu ezinkukhu zagcinwa ekupheleni. Zibalwa kuphela ngezizathu zobugcisa, ezibonisa kwimiboniso. Iintlobo zeenkukhu ezinemiqondiso engavamile yokuhamba - ukungabikho kwamagqabi okanye umsila weemitha ezili-13 ubude - zizalwe kuzo zonke iindawo zomhlaba.

Imbali

Ukukhankanywa kokuqala kohlobo luye lwafika ngo-1526. Kodwa kuthatha phantse iikhilomitha ezine ngaphambi kokuba inkukhu yaseAraucan isuswe eMzantsi Melika. Umbala weqanda ongaqhelekanga wenza ulwalamano oludume kakhulu kwaye luthandwa. Kwakukholelwa ukuba amaqanda anamaqabunga ebhakabhaka anempahla yokuphulukisa engavamile.

I-Araucana luhlobo lweenkukhu ze-egg-decoration direction. Umthonyama wakhe uthathwa njengeMzantsi Melika, okanye kunoko, iChile. Igama lohlobo lwaluvela kwisizwe esizalwe igama elifanayo. Izinyoni zazisetyenziselwa ukuhlonishwa ngenxa yokukwazi ukuthwala amaqanda athile, kwaye iindawo zokuhlala zixabiswa ngenxa yokulwa kwazo.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lemashumi amabini, iintlobo ezingavamile zeentaka zaseAraucana zaziwa kakade kumazwe aseYurophu - iintlobo zeenkukhu. Ingcaciso yalo ilandelayo: yintaka encinci inomzimba ojikelezayo. Unamahlombe amaninzi, umva omude, isifuba esibanzi, isisu esisemgangathweni, imilenze eqinile, amacici amancinci kunye ne-low comb. Kuzo iimpawu zokubonakala ziquka ubukho bebhedi kunye ne-whiskers entloko ye-araukana. Izinkukhu (iifoto kwisicatshulwa) zinokubukeka kunjengeenkwenkwezi kunamaqebunga.

Iziqulatho zeenkukhu zokuhlobisa

Umxholo wabo awufani kakhulu. Izinkukhu ziziva zikhulu kwaye zinomxholo wamaselula, kunye nefestile yamahhala. Ubume obungenakubungozi kwintaka kukuvumela ukuba uhlale uzinzile kunye nabanye abameli bezilwanyana zasekhaya. Kodwa kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kuphela ukuzalisa "ukucoceka" kuya kugcina zonke iimpawu zayo.

I-coops yenkukhu ixhotywe ngazo zonke izinto eziyimfuneko: izidleki, ngesantya se-30 cm nganye ngentloko, izidleki-esinye isidleke se-5-6, i-feeders, i-waterers. Ukunyamekela ngononophelo, ukucocwa rhoqo kunye nokucinywa komzimba kuya kunceda ukuphepha izifo kunye neentaka.

I-Paddock ilungele ukucima, ukusuka phezulu ukuze wenze i-canopy. Oku akuyi kusindisa kuphela iinkuku ezivela kwintaka yexhoba, kodwa kwakhona zibonelela ngokupholileyo ngosuku olushushu.

Ukutya okusisigxina, udinga ukutya okunokulinganisela, ukuqwalasela ukungenisa imfuno ezincinci kunye nezixhobo ezikhethiweyo, iivithamini, amaminerali, ngakumbi i-calcium. Ubukho bomnxweme, isihlabathi esiqingqiweyo, amacwecwe amancinci kuyimfuneko, iya kunceda iintaka kwiinkqubo zokugaya.

Ixesha linokuthi lifanele liqaliswe ekudleni imifuno emitsha, imifuno kunye neziqhamo. Ku luncedo kakhulu ukugcina ibhalansi yemali ngokutya ngexesha lokubusika kunye nomgubo we-coniferous.

Ukugcina umkhiqizo ophezulu weqanda, ukondla intaka ubuncinane kathathu ngosuku. Ekuseni kwaye kusihlwa kufanele kube yondlo lokutya, kwaye ngexesha lesidlo kungcono ukulungiselela amathanga amanzi.

Iintaka ezihobisayo zihlala zigcinwa kwizindlu zokuhlala kwiindawo ezininzi. Indawo yokugcina intaka inokuxhotyiswa kwibhankoni okanye kwiloggia. I-Cockerel inokukhathaza abamelwane, kodwa iinkukhu aziyi kuzisa ingxaki ngokubetha kweentsasa, kodwa ukukhwabanisa kwamathambo kuya kubambelela kubanini bendlu.

Inkcazo yeentaka

Olu luhlobo lunokuthi luthembeke ngokuqinisekileyo kwinto enye yeyona nto yokuqala kwihlabathi. Ukubonakala, imiqondiso emibini engaqhelekanga yohlobo ihlaselwa ngokukhawuleza: ukungabikho komsila (kwizinkukhu zokuzalanisa isiJamani) kunye nobukho obuyingqayizivele ngobukhulu kunye neepenki ezivakalayo.

Inyoni ehlobisa inentloko encinci, i-small crest ifom ye-red-orange pod. Inkuni iyaphuma. Amehlo ajikelezileyo anombala obomvu okanye obomvu. Amacwecwe amacwecwe okanye iindevu, okanye izimbiza (kuxhomekeke kwimihlobo) zibizwa kakuhle. Unomqolo omfutshane, obanzi, obanzi kunye nesifuba, umzimba osijikelezileyo osijikelezileyo, amaphiko obukhulu obukhulu. Amagqabi angenawo amaphampu. Umbala: igolide, emhlophe, emnyama.

Ukunqongophala kokuhamba ngeenyawo, ngaphandle kweentaka ekuzaleni ukuzalisa, kuquka:

• Umsila o phuhlisiwe;
• Olunye umbala wamaqanda;
• Ukungabikho ngokugqibeleleyo kweentambo zeentsiba okanye ukungabikho kwazo ngakwesinye icala;
• Ukuyeka ngokukhawuleza;
• Ubhedu obuqinileyo kunye nekhopu;
• Ubunzima kunye nokungahambi;
• Umzimba oqinileyo kunye onqamlekileyo;
• I-scallop ewile kufuphi nejuba.

Kuzo zonke iimpawu zayo zokuhlobisa, uhlanga luye lwazibonakalisa ngokupheleleyo njengeqanda. Ukufumana amaqanda omgangatho ophezulu, ubunzima obuhloniphekileyo kunye nenani elikhulu lenza ukuba lolu luhlobo lungabonakali kuphela ngokukhenketho, kodwa luncedo kunye nolononophelo.

Ngoko, araukana, inkcazo yohlobo:

• Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda - iziqwenga eziyi-180;
• Ubunzima beqanda ngu-57 grams;
• Umbala weqanda uluhlaza, i-turquoise, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• Ubungakanani benduku yenkukhu / iqhude i-15/16 mm;
• Iimpawu - indlebe, ukungabi nakwi-coccyx;
• Ubukhulu beenkukhu-ukuya kwi-2 kg;
• Ubunzima benkomo ngu 2.5 kg;
• Inani leminwe - 4;
• Ukunyusa - ukungabikho;
• Isimiso - ukuzola (kwintsimbi kungabutha);
• Ukuphakama kwe-flight-up to 1.5 meters;
• Umbala wamagqabi - ahlukeneyo;
• Uphuhliso luyi-egg-decoration.

Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeAraucan. E-Melika, ukusabalalisa kwabaninzi bama-america, eNgilani, ama-araucan athandwa ngabantu abathandekayo abanekhanda elincinci entloko. EJamani, ukhetho lunikezelwa kwiintlobo ezihlambulukileyo kunye neepeni zemali ezichazwe kakuhle.

Iintlobo zidibanisa ipropati enye - zonke iinkukhu ziphethe amaqanda anemibala. Zingaba luhlaza, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-turquoise kunye nee-shades ezahlukileyo kunye nomlinganiselo wokuzaliswa kwesilinganisi sombala.

Umbala

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezibonakalisiweyo zemibala yeentaka. Imibala eqhelekileyo yile:

• "Wild ". Kwiintonga, intloko, intamo, kunye ne-saddle ibomvu obomvu kunye nomgca omnyama ophawulwe ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba leentsiba. Emuva kunye namagxa omnyama omnyama obomvu obomvu. Iintsiba zephiko, isisu, isifuba, i-shin zimnyama. Inkukhu yase-Araucan (ifoto kwisicatshulwa) umbala "wendalo" ohluke kakhulu kwiintonga. Inkukhu inentamo kunye nentloko e-golden-brown, isifuba esisi-yellow-pink, esiswini somnyama. Emuva, emacaleni, e-brown saddle kunye nomda omnyama ongezantsi kunye nomda omnyama. Amehlo abomvu okanye i-orange.
• Umnxeba wegolide . Intloko enomdaka obomvu, iinwele ezimnyama zegolide zentsimbi kunye nentamo entle. Amagxa kunye nomva aphethe i-hue ebomvu yegolide. Isisu, ukumboza iintsiba zamaphiko, isifuba kunye ne-shin zibomnyama. Inqwaba yentamo nentloko yenkukhu igolide, ecaleni kwintsiba enomthi omnyama. Emuva, emacaleni, enqabileyo, amaphiko - obomvu begolide kunye namachashaza amnyama. Umbhobho wombala obomvu obomvu.
• Ngqolowa yegolide. Umbala kunye neepateni zifana nombala we-eyamehlo wegolide okanye zasendle, kodwa umgca omnyama kunye nesiqhamo seentsiba asikho, umzekelo wokukhanya uvunyelwe kwiintsiba zomlomo wesibeleko. Inkukhu entloko nasentanyeni inombala obomvu ngokubomvu. Ingundoqo yecenari, umtya omnyama omnyama uyamkeleka. I-Saddle, emuva, emacaleni, amaphiko ombala we-wheaten. Izibilini, isisu nesifuba - sibomvu esilula.
• Serebristosheyaya . Umququ: inqwaba yentamo, intloko, isiliva - umbala omhlophe wesiliva, ecaleni kwesiqwenga somthi omnyama. Amagxa kunye nembuyiselo yi-silvery-white. Iintsiba zephiko lephiko, isisu, i-shin, i-black-breast. Inkukhu inamanzi entloko nasentanyeni, njengenjengo. Emuva, i-saddle, macala, amaphiko - u-grey-grey ngamachashaza amnyama, i-fringe encinane yesilivere ivumelekile. Umlenze ongezantsi kunye nesisu segrey, isifuba sino-pink pink.
• Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka . Izinyoni zinomthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka , umnyama okanye ukhanyisa. Ijongwe inomthunzi omnyama omnyama we-saddle, intamo, intloko, amahlombe.
• Ubomvu obomvu . Ikhumbuza umbala omnyama nobomvu, kodwa umbala omnyama uthatha indawo - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Iblue-golden-brown. Isiseko sombala, njengaloo-golide-color, yinto emnyama kuphela, endaweni yobuluhlaza.
• Ngqolowa ebomvu. Njenge-golide-ngqolowa, kodwa ngombala obomvu endaweni yomnyama.
• Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nolusendle Ikhumbuza umbala we "wild", kodwa ngaphandle kombala omnyama, utshintshwa ngokubhakabhaka.
• Cuckoo, okanye emicu. Ipenari nganye inemibala yasekuqaleni ngohlobo lokutshintshana okuphindaphindiweyo kweebhanki kunye ne-bend e-black and blue-gray. Kwiingqungquthela zi malunga nobubanzi obufanayo, kwizinkukhu amacwecwe amnyama alula kakhulu. I-Pallas yilephu, amehlo e-orange.
• Omnyama . Iinyoni zinemipho emnyama ngokukhanya okuluhlaza. I-Araucana yintlobo yeenkuku (ezichazwe kwisicatshulwa ngakwesokudla) ngeenyawo ezibomvu okanye ezibomvu.
• Omnyama kunye obomvu. Ubumnyama obunzulu obunzulu obunobumba obuhlaza. Intamo yomsizi, intloko kunye ne-saddle zizele umbala obomvu wegolide, kunye nomgca omnyama oqaqambileyo kwisiqhamo seentsiba. Amagxa anobomvu obomvu. Umqolo ubumnyama, ukufakela obomvu obomvu kuvunyelwe. Umbala ophezulu wenkukhu ubumnyama kunye ne-green tint. Intloko nentamo zibomvu. Amehlo abomvu okanye obomvu.
• Umhlophe omhlophe. Ivumelekile kwintlambo yentamo umbala omncinci obomvu (kwijongwe). Izikhonkwane zingaba luhlaza oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amehlo ayenobumba.

Iintlobo

Yamkelekile ukwahlula iinkukhu zibe ziintlobo ezintathu. Oku kusebenza kwimigangatho yaseYurophu eyaziwayo kuphela iAraucans:

• Ngent ndevu kunye namathangi (ngaphandle kwemigodi yamanzi);
• Ngeentambo zeentambo kunye neendvuba;
• Ngamaqabunga eentsiba emacaleni entloko (ukulingana ngobukhulu kunye nendawo ehambelana).

Nangona kukho iintlobo zeentlobo, bonke abameleli banokufana nesakhiwo somzimba, umbala womsila, umbala wamehlo kunye nezinye iimpawu.

Uhlobo lwe-Araucana lwaba sisiseko sokuzaliswa kwezilwanyana zase-Araucan. Kwakudala eMelika, umgangatho wawuvunyiwe ngo-1984. Inkcazo ikhumbula iAraucana, kodwa incinci. Uhlobo oludala, oluthwele amancinci, ukuya kuma-50 gram, amaqanda e-turquoise. Kodwa umveliso weqanda uphezulu-180 iziqwenga ngonyaka. Ubunzima bejongwe bufikelela kwi-2 kg, iinkukhu zifika kwi-1.8 kg.

Abaxhamli bavuyiswa ukuzala iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-"gnomes bearded", eziphethe zonke iimpawu zeAraucan eziqhelekileyo. Kwaye amaqanda amancinci anesidingo esikhulu seeholide lika-Easter, athengwa ngakumbi kubantwana.

Iimpawu zohlobo

Amaqanda (iAraucana - i-egg-bearing-bearing color) yombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka yinto ebalulekileyo yezinkukhu. Isalathiso esilandelayo sobuhlanga ukusilela komsila (abanalo i-vertebra ekhohlakeleyo). Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, intsikelelo yentloko ngesimo seendevu kunye nemilenze emininzi ehlukahlukeneyo.

Amaqanda aseCelestial

Izinkukhu zaseAraucana zithwala amaqanda ombala obomvu- "wasezulwini". Kwakukho ingcamango yokuba umbala wegobolondo lilifa elivela kwizilwanyana zasendle, okhokho base Araucan. Kodwa ubungqina benzululwazi yolu luzange lufumaneke.

Izifundo zanamhlanje zibonise ukuba lo mbala wegobolondo ngenxa yobungqina bentlobo ye-biliverdin (iBiliverdin) inkukhu, i-pigment ekhethekileyo yemvelo. Yona, yenziwa kwi-bile kunye nemveliso yokuqhekeka kwe-hemoglobin ebomvu.

I-Araucana luhlobo lwezinkukhu (ifoto yamaqanda ngakwesobunxele kwisicatshulwa), okokuba xa uhamba ngeentaka ezithwele amaqanda abomvu, unika abantwana, abanako ukuthwala amaqanda ngegobolondo ye-oli-green hue. Xa uhamba ngeenkukhu eziqhelekileyo, i-crossbreeds iqala ukuthwala amaqanda nge-blue tinge. Kwisizukulwana sesibini sesixube bafumana umbala omhlophe oqhelekileyo.

Izinzuzo

I-Araucana yintlobo yezinkukhu, ezibonakala ngeenzuzo ezingenammiselo:

• Ulungelelaniso oluhle kakhulu;
• Uthotyelwa ngokuthe tye kwiqondo lokushisa;
• Impilo ebalulekileyo;
• Ukungathobeki kwiimeko zokuvalelwa;
• Izinkukhu zivuthwe kuqala kwaye ziqala ukutshabalalisa,
• Umveliso ophezulu weqanda (amaqanda angama-160 ngonyaka);
• Umlingisi othungileyo, uvumela ukuba uqhubeke nezinye izilwanyana;
• Iimfuno ezixhamlileyo zabathengi bamaqanda angaphandle;
• Ukuhlanganiswa kokungafani kweplate kunye nemveliso yayo.

Iingxaki

Ngokubambisana nokutsaliswa kobuhlanga, kukho ubunzima bayo:

• Okokuqala, kukho iingxaki ngokuchumisa. Ukungabikho komsila kukuchaphazela inkqubo yokuchumisa. Ukuze unike iqhude ngokuqhagamshelana nomzimba kunye nabasetyhini, abantu banqumla iintsiba kunye phantsi kwendawo ye-cloaca. Enyanisweni, oku akuyi kukulondoloza ukusuka ekufeni okuphezulu kwe-embryonic. I-Araucana inkukhu ayibonisi nayiphi na into yokunqanda amaqanda.
• Okwesibini, ukuhlambalaza kwamadoda. Ngomlingiswa, zikhumbuza ngakumbi ukulwa kwezilwanyana, oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kugcinwa inani elikhulu leentaka.
• Okwesithathu, ukungabikho kwintaka. Araucana - uhlobo lwezinkukhu, luyavuya kakhulu ukuthenga. Kwaye kukho abathengisi abangenangqondo abazama ukuphumeza intaka ye-hybrid. Ngaphandle li ngafana ne-araucan, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba ufumane amaqanda e-turquoise kuwo.
• Okwesine, umntu kufuneka abe nomonde kakhulu kunye nomqondo wesithandathu womfuyi ukufumana iziphumo ezifunwayo ngeempawu zangaphandle. Abazali abaneetanki ezintle kunye ezilinganayo banganika inzala ngokubanzi ngaphandle kwamathangi.

Namhlanje, iifama ezininzi zeenkukhu zinezikhuku. I-Araucana (ukuhlaziywa kwabanomdla abanomdla baqinisekisa le nyaniso) baziphatha kakuhle kwaye bazive efama, baqhutywe ngokupheleleyo kwaye, ngaphezu koko, ukuhlobisa okuhle kakhulu kwendawo.

Imfuno yamaqanda ombala ongaqhelekanga (kubantu ababebizwa ngokuthi "i-Easter") ikhula nje. EmaMerika naseYurophu, cinga ngokusekwa kweefama zokuzalisa iintaka zohlobo lwe-Araucan. Uhlobo lwezinkukhu luthembise kakhulu ngokwemveliso yemveliso yeeqanda ezinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.