Amazon - inkqubo umlambo inkulu ehlabathini. Ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho loMlambo Amazon

Amazon yenye imilambo emikhulu ehlabathini. Kwangaxeshanye, nohehema lwesitya sokuhlambela layo umlambo - omnye kakhulu babesilela ekulungiselelweni ehlabathini. Xa Amazon kusekho iindawo apho unyawo lomntu zange waphumela kanye. Kweli nqaku uza kufumana emfutshane inkcazo emlanjeni Amazon, kwakunye ufunde malunga amanqanaba asisiseko uphuhliso kwazo kwezoqoqosho.

Amazon River: inkcazelo uphawu (short)

Isiza esibalulekileyo yendalo Umzantsi Melika, Kakade ke, lo River Amazon. Ummandla swimming pool le mfula enkulu ehlabathini - malunga 7.2 million km ^2. Le ndawo, luzele ebizwa ngokuba "amatshatshazi amhlophe", wabizwa ngegama elinye - Amazon. Kakade ke, hola kakuhle, i Amazon ngo-2011, ndafumana uluhlu imisebenzi ezisixhenxe zendalo iplanethi yethu.

indawo Amazon yahlulwe phakathi kwamazwe ezisibhozo: Brazil (65%), Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana kunye Venezuela. inkqubo umlambo Amazon ise kwisibanzi ethandwa subequatorial, kunye nomlambo aqukuqela ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma, leyo ungena kulo Atlantic Ocean, kusekwe Delta enkulu. Ubungakanani ogudle enokuthelekiseka neyamanye ubungakanani kunye kwilizwe laseYurophu, Bulgaria!

inkqubo umlambo Amazon kubulelwe ezina yenziwe kakuhle kakhulu. Kwi indlela yayo umlambo ifumana nemingenela ezininzi, ezona zinabantu abaninzi omlambo juruá, iMadeira, Topazhos, Tokantis, Isa kunye Rio Negro.

Isikali kwenkqubo umlambo lingaba nokulinganiswa yi iziphawuli ezifana ne-avareji ukuqengqeleka. Kuba Amazon kuba ngaphezu kwe-7000 km ³ amanzi (esimalunga elingana-15% ye-flow esemlanjeni planethi).

Amazon imikhumbi ukuba 4.300 leekhilomitha umfula. The main amazibuko phezu komlambo - oko Santarém, Obidus, Iquitos, Manaus.

Oosonzululwazi wafumanisa likwazile ukwenza ngo-2011. Inyaniso kukuba phantsi Amazon ubaleka inkulu ehlabathini emlanjeni phantsi komhlaba, iikhilomitha ezine. Wakhe ogama Hamza, i-Indian igama nzulu eyafumana lo mmangaliso umlambo.

Uninzi kwehlathi Amazon kuhlala. Le eziphila zendalo, eziquka ihlathi emanzi. Kuba jungle luphawulwa ukufuma aphezulu kakhulu, iyantlukwano iintlobo zezityalo phezulu, imigxobhozo aphezulu kunye ezimuncu, imihlaba kakhulu. Kungenxa zindawo kunye nomthamo South American Amazon River.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho lomlambo - yintoni na namhlanje? Kwaye Amazon wazazi ngumntu wonke imbali? Oku kuza kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

Amazon: ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho lomlambo

Amazon udla ngokuba "emiphungeni green 'lo mhlaba. Ingaba uphuhliso kwingingqi yaye oko kwinqanaba le njani ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho namhlanje Amazon?

Imizamo yokuqala ukuphuhlisa mmandla yaqalisa Brazil. Ngokubanzi, kukho amanqanaba amathathu aphambili nembali yaphawula ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho River Amazon.

Inyathelo lokuqala angabizwa "zerabha". Oko yaqala ngenkulungwane XIX emva kwexesha, kwaqhubeka de imi- 20-yenkulungwane XX, xa "indumezulu yerabha" kwilizwekazi waya ukwehla. Nangona ngerabha ngokuzithemba isesikhundleni yesibini isakhiwo kumazwe angaphandle eBrazil (emva ikofu).

Inqanaba lesibini lophuhliso Amazon yaqala kwi 60s zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kunye isikali ezahlukeneyo ngendlela. Ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho Amazon ngeli xesha kulawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngurhulumente, kwaye iprojekthi ngokwayo got igama layo "Operation Amazon". Yayithetha uphuhliso olubanzi lwezolimo kummandla, izakhiwo zothutho, yaye ngenxa yoko, amazwe ngobuninzi kulo mmandla.

Isigaba sesithathu yophuhliso Amazon iqala kwi 80s zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Oku kungenziwa ngokuba "bezimbiwa resource". Ngeli xesha elisengqayini iikwari ezivulekileyo kunye mveliso xa kusingathwa izinto ekrwada, uqala ukuphuhlisa amasimi oyile.

iingxaki zokusingqongileyo Amazon

Ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho Amazon nako kodwa ukuba kukhokelele kwiingxaki ezithile zokusingqongileyo. Embi kakhulu phakathi kwazo zezi zilandelayo:

• ukuthotywa kunye ukhukuliseko lomhlaba;
• wengozi kwamahlathi ;
• ukutshatyalaliswa kweentlobo ezinqabileyo sengozini enezityalo nezilwanyana yehlathi waseBrazil;
• lomhlaba kunye ungcoliseko lwamanzi ngu enzima, njl

Kunjalo, zonke ezi ngxaki zinxulumene kakhulu kwaye kufuna ukuba kwenziwe ngendlela emanyeneyo isisombululo zabo.

Ekuphetheni

River Amazon nkqubo ithatha ngaphezu kwezigidi 7 ezikwere zeekhilomitha ntsimi, ukuba lo mlambo mkhulu ehlabathini. Ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho namhlanje Amazon ayikho imikhulu kangaka nje, kodwa enje impembelelo yabantu singabalulekanga evusa inani ngokucinezela iingxaki zokusingqongileyo.