Amaqhezu iiproteni igazi electrophoresis

Umzimba womntu - kwinkqubo apho wonke yesibini kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwemichiza: i iihomoni eziveliswa amaqhezu iiprothini igazi, zombala, njl kuphuhliso namayeza ziyafumaneka kubantu, izifundo ezininzi ukujonga umgangatho izinto ezinjalo ... Ukungaqheleki asenokubonisa uphuhliso sifo, okanye ngenxa yeemeko nokomzimba.

ulwazi jikelele

Kukho iimeko ezininzi apho amaqhezu ngamnye weeproteni yegazi eyonyukileyo. Yintoni na, oko kusenokubonisa amanani ezifanayo, abaziyo ezimbalwa.

Ezi zinto ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo plasma yegazi yaye ziqulathe asidi acid ezintsonkothileyo.

Yenza imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu:

1. Ithuthwa izinto eziyimfuneko (elinokuba kumalungu amayeza, lipids, iivithamini, iiminerali, zombala kunye ezifana. D.).
2. Sinoxanduva ekunqandeni.
3. Ukugcina imali asidi-obrak.
4. Lungisa intsalela leukocytes, erythrocytes neeplatelets.
5. Nefuthe isimo sifo.

inqanaba labo ixhomekeke ukuyondelelana kwendlela igazi. amapasi kubi exineneyo viscous ulwelo egazini, ngaloo ndlela zisiba ukusebenza kwenkqubo sentliziyo.

Ukuze ubone iqhezu iproteni yenziwa Uhlalutyo ad hoc - proteinogramma.

Uhlalutyo ezinto igazi

Olu phando laboratory yenye yezona ulwazi nezaziwayo. Wamiselwa phantse zonke iziguli unyango izigulane.

It ikuvumela ukuba ukuhlola imeko jikelele umzimba kunye nemisebenzi ngokwamalungu ezahlukileyo ezahlukeneyo iparameters.

protein iqhezu kuhlalutyo zengqo- igazi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kakhulu, oko kwenzelwa bonke abantu abasengozini yokuba amanye amaqela yesifo.

ukuze abonise

Amaninzi, izifundo amaqhekeza protini olumiselweyo ngezifo okusolwayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• ezigula;
• gammopathy monoclonal.

Ndiqhuba proteinogram eboniswe izigulane:

• iinkqubo komzimba (scleroderma, lupus zomzimba, Hashimoto tireoditom);
• izifo ezingapheliyo kunye etsolo ezosulelayo (herpes, hepatitis zonke iintlobo, Epstein-Barr yintsholongwane kunye cytomegalovirus);
• Iimpawu malobsorbtsii (ukungacoleki ezingapheliyo, sabonakala sorhudo, steatorrhea, akhokelela malabsorption kwezondlo);
• ukuphazamiseka yokudla (ukungabikho okanye ukwanda ukutya, banqwenela ukuba unyulo ezinye iimveliso).

Ukongezelela, oko kubhalwa kwi umzimba ukuhlolwa iyonke (ukuhlolwa lwezifo ezahlukeneyo).

Isigqibo kuyimfuneko kuba uphando kufuneka ugqirha (ugqirha jikelele) ngokusekelwe izikhalazo, imbali isigulane, iziphumo zeemvavanyo njalo njalo.

analysis Iimpawu

Zonke izigulane abaye baqeshwa amaqhezu isifundo kwiiproteni egazini, kufuneka wazi:

1. Lenquba yenzelwa phezu kwetafise ungatyanga kusasa. Phambi ekuqaleni of delivery abadli iiyure 8.
2. Phambi kokubhiyozela yokudla engqongqo ecetyiswayo (ngaphandle utywala, okunamafutha, etshaya, okroqiweyo, okuneziqholo, uzila ukutya, mayonnaise, isoso kunye nezinye iimveliso eziyingozi). Uyacetyiswa ukuba ukunciphisa kwe protini.
3. imiz 30-60. kungatshaywa.
4. Kuphephe izifundo ukwenza umfanekiso:-x-reyi,-X-reyi, ultrasound, njl iintsuku eziliqela phambi kuhlalutyo ...
5. Ngobusuku obandulela ayikwazi nexhala kwaye enze umsebenzi onzima.
6. abantwana abancinci inkqubo lwaba neengxakana akwenziwanga.

Eyaphula nawuphi na umba ukusuka kuluhlu olungentla sinokuwagqwetha yoko, faka olulahlekisayo yomguli kunye kagqirha. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba balandele uluhlu iingcebiso.

Yintoni enye kunokubangela ukutenxa kule iziphumo:

• izisombululo ukumnika efakwa;
• ukubila ngokugqithiseleyo;
• nokukhulelwa;
• zisanyisa;
• imithwalo enzima;
• alale;
• kakubi a ukutya protein.

iindlela bangabonwa

Amaqhezu iiproteni lukwa yinxalenye ye-protini iyonke. Le yokugqibela kumiselwa ngokuqhuba kuhlalutyo igazi zengqo- ezichazwe apha ngasentla. Ukuze uhlolo olubanzi intsalela amasuntswana alo izifundo ezahlukeneyo.

Le ndlela kakhulu ulwazi kwaye ethandwayo electrophoresis, nto leyo enokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i impahla eyodwa:

• iphepha hromatogroficheskoy;
• film neselulosi acetate;
• starch okanye gel Agar.

Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yesenzo umsinga wombane kwi iiproteni igazi zibekwe kwi kwiphepha ekhethekileyo okanye ijeli. Xa inkqubo yokufumana i-arhente umrhumo elibi, apho phantsi kwempembelelo imithetho physics kunqwenela ngayo anode kwaye idla amaqhezu-6 ezahlukeneyo, ezizezi:

• albumin;
• globulin (alpha-1 kunye alpha-2);
• globulin (beta kunye gamma);
• prealbumin.

Ukongeza ekukhangeleni amaqhezu protein igazi electrophoresis, amagcisa ilebhu zinokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye iindlela kancane:

• gel product;
• immunoassay;
• kwezulu;
• neentlenge.

Norms and ezinxaxhileyo

Uhlalutyo lwenziwa ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo, kwaye umphumo zingafumaneka ngosuku olulandelayo.

Ngomhla yokusebenza amaqhezu iiprotheni iphenjelelwa yimiba ezininzi. I-avareji umthamo wegazi eqhelekileyo kufuneka ibe (g / DL):

• Albumin - 3,5-5,00;
• A-1 - 0.1-0.3;
• a-2 - 0,6-1,00;
• beta - 0.7-1.2;
• gamma - 0.7-1.6.

Umlinganiselo protein iyonke kufuneka kuluhlu 6,4-8,3 g / DL.

Ntoni ukwanda

amaqhezu protein igazi kufuneka ngokwesiqhelo kuba umlinganiselo ethile, leyo ubonakalise imeko jikelele emzimbeni womntu.

Ukophulwa kwalo eseleyo nowakwakho dysproteinemia sifo apha.

Kuxhomekeka shift kwe iqela elithile ukuthetha ngabanye ezimbi, kwenzeka ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokucacileyo emzimbeni. Ukuba ngaba amanqanaba eziphakamileyo:

• albumin - oku kubonisa izifo wesibindi nezintso; umz, hepatitis, ukuqina kwesibindi, carcinoma, pyelonephritis kunye nezinye;
• globulin ze alpha 1 (2) - ukuze abonise ubukho ukudumba, luxinzelelo olungamandla okanye ukubaleka ibakala umhlaza Ukudlulela;
• beta - emzimbeni inokuba hyperlipoproteinemia langoku (lipid metabolism);
• Gamma - izinga lokukhula luphawu ukuba kwii losulelo (yintsholongwane okanye wentsholongwane egazini).

Ukuba ngexesha proteinogram kwi uvavanyo strip ibanjiwe protein olungaqhelekanga monoclonal, kwiimeko ezininzi, oku isizathu sokukrokrela ezigula - nomhlaza kweeseli plasma. Ngoko ke, xa liqhuba uphando malunga proteinogramma ngezifo eyabelwe enye iindlela ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kwaye ifundisa.

Derated

izigulane abaninzi kufumana iziphumo zazo ukuhla kwiproteni lilonke namaqhezu yayo ngamnye. Oku kunokuba migangatho enye ecaleni yezifo.

Le meko kuthiwa hypoproteinemia. Oko kuxhokonxwa:

• zaneleyo protein ukutya ngokutya;
• ukudla ixesha elide;
• igazi;
• menses;
• period postoperative;
• umkhuhlane;
• iinkqubo esosulelayo;
• ukunxila;
• isifo sezintso;
• hepatitis;
• ukungalali;
• ukulahleka jikelele amandla;
• ukopha.

Ngenxa yezizathu komzimba (.. Ie, non-isifo) ukunciphisa protein kakhulu egazini (ngezantsi-50 g / l) ziquka:

• zisanyisa;
• leenyanga ezintathu zokugqibela zokumitha;
• yokungasebenzi emzimbeni, iziphumo kokuhlala ixesha elide ebhedini;
• umsebenzi kakhulu emzimbeni.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa isiphumo esibi

akufuneki ngoko nangoko aphakuzele xa efumana uhlalutyo ukubanomsebenzi ombi kwi amaqhezu protein. Kufuneka udibane nogqirha wakho uze uzame ukukhumbula enokukucaphukisa isimo esinjalo.

Ngokusekelwe kwimbali oluqokelelweyo ugqirha uya kucebisa ukuphinda uhlalutyo kwakhona kamva okanye ukutyumba elongeziweyo loviwo.

Okokuqala kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba kudlule:

• jikelele kunye ngokupheleleyo wegazi;
• urinalysis.

iindlela instrumental baya kuqeshwa ngokusekelwe izikhalazo malunga nesigulane eso. Umzekelo, ukuba kwisiqalo sokutshintshwa amanqanaba albumin esiswini yesigulane iyakrakra, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ukuba enze ultrasound esiswini, ii-x-reyi le ndawo, njalo njalo. N.

Njengoko yezonyango, ukwanda ekwanti neprothini iyonke egazini kuyinto enye oku kunokuba amaqhezu shear kwayo. iimeko zifuna uviwo ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi ukufunda imbali umguli. Ukuba umntu uvakalelwa kakuhle ngokwakhe, yena akanalo iintlungu kunye nezinye analyses ukuze, kunye amathuba aphezulu sinokuthi ukuba isempilweni. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, uyifundisa ngokuqatha zizifo ezifana, umhlaza ukuqina kunye m. P., On a background utshintsho ntle unobangela ebonakalayo amaqhezu ezithile leeprothini. Ngoko ke, nayiphi na ukutenxa kumgaqo uthetha imfuneko banikele ingqalelo kwimpilo yazo.