Ethile non-ngqo okukwazi: amagama umahluko. Oko kuqinisa amajoni omzimba

Okukwazi - le umthetheleli ephambili yomzimba wethu kumnceda ukulwa esi sifo. Oko komeleza kwamajoni omzimba? Yintoni ephembelela nokubunjwa kwayo? Yini ephawula okukwazi ethile and non-ngqo? Sazise malunga noko.

Amajoni omzimba kunye nendima yawo

Ngaba uye waphawula ukuba kukho abantu ukufumana amaxesha abagulayo eziliqela ngonyaka, yaye abanye - nya? Kutheni amanye zitye kwizigulo, abanye ngoxa - na? Yonke loo mbandela nezifo. Yinto hlobo abalindi, esibonelela ngeenxa wotshi wokhuselo wethu. Ukuba engenamandla ngokwaneleyo, umzimba ngokulula siwele ethile sifo.

Wonke ngomzuzu siboniswa inqwaba ezahlukeneyo micro-eziphilayo (lenyama, iintsholongwane, nezinye izinto). Okukwazi imilo nzima nabo, babavalela ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni kunye nophuhliso olungaphezulu. Inika ukumelana buthi, kwisigcinakaliso, amachiza, kwaye akubikho iiseli lixesha okanye ezonakele eziphilayo.

Kuxhomekeka kwindlela bekufunwa ukwahlula umzimba yendalo kunye eyenziwe ngumntu, ngqo kunye non-ngqo. Oku yindlela oluntsonkothileyo epheleleyo yaziswa ngamalungu ezizodwa kunye neeseli. Ndawonye zenza i amajoni omzimba, umsebenzi ophambili apho - ukugcina rhoqo kokusingqongileyo lwangaphakathi yokungenelela izinto kwamanye amazwe.

Iimpawu kwamajoni omzimba

Ukukhuselwa umzimba inikeza umsebenzi evumelanayo onke amacandelo kwamajoni omzimba. amalungu zayo yahlulwe engundoqo neuropathy. I yangaphambili ziquka thymus, lomongo wethambo, Bursa ka Fabricius. Avelisa omzimba (macrophage, iiseli plasma, T lymphocyte B) kuwo onke amalungu omzimba.

amalungu neuropathy ezi nkovu iindawo, udakada, glia, ulusu, izicwili emithanjeni. Oku amalungu yesibini zifumaneka kwiindawo elalana antigen kunokwenzeka. Basebenzisa omzimba ukulwa i "maphela".

Formation kweeseli yokhuselo yenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zazo ilifa, kwaye enye inxalenye lukhutshwe ubomi, emva izifo. Ngoko ke, kukho okukwazi ethile and non-ngqo. Resistance imizimba yalapha ntsholongwane ziyakwazi ukuphuhlisa indlela yendalo okanye ngendlela zokugonya. Ngoko ke, amajoni omzimba kwakhona yahlulwe yendalo neyenziweyo.

okukwazi naso

okukwazi ethile non-ngqo ngokuqhelekileyo ebizwa ngokuthi kwaye ziyafikelelwa, ngokulandelelana kwazo. Last ezifumanekayo kuthi ukususela kwimihla yokuqala yobomi. Oku ezidluliselwa zemfuza ngaphakathi zohlobo olufanayo. Ngenxa kuye, umntu akakwazi ukuba ayosuleleki zizifo ezithile ikho izilwanyana ezithile, ezifana segazi, inkomo okanye isifo canine.

okukwazi sokwazi ekhoyo kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Nonspecific yena igama kuba uyawalwela ngokuchasene iantigens ethile. Lasekwa ngo ekuqaleni yendaleko kunye, xa kuthelekiswa nokufunyanwa, akukho memory ukuqaphela uhlobo gciwane. Le isithintelo yethu iphambili, nto leyo eyavusa ngoko nangoko emva kokuvela into engaba ingozi. Enye obubonakala luhlobo lwe komtshiso oko.

okukwazi sokwazi kuthathwa mda. Nya kube nzima kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusekwa ukunyamezelana ngumzimba, okanye ukungakhuseleki engapheliyo radiation ionizing unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka kuyo.

okukwazi ezifunyenwe

Inqanaba lesibini kumzabalazo wokulwa Cya angaphandle kunye nezinto na nezifo ezithile. It amiliswe ubomi bomntu kunye notshintsho zizifo ngalinye umna.

Xa isisongelo ibanjiwe okukwazi ezifunyenwe uqalisa ngenkuthalo ukuhlasela kuye. osemqoka yalo esentloko kukuba i "nokucengceleza" iintsholongwane usebenzisa omzimba. Bona ziveliswa ekulweni izinto ezithile amazwe yaye emva koko ube nako ukuxhathisa kuye.

Ngenxa yoko, isifo ngasinye esitsha ebangela ukwenziwa izilwa-buhlungu ezitsha, ngokubeka kwimemori lwamajoni ethu omzimba. Kwathi kamsinya nje "utshaba" kuya kuvela emzimbeni kwakhona, iiseli zokhuselo ukuyibona kwaye iza kukwazi ukuphelisa kakhulu ngokukhawuleza.

Asingabo bonke umzimba adala ngayo ngendlela efanayo. Ezinye izifo aye ixesha kuphela ngokwaneleyo ukuze amajoni omzimba ngakumbi yaye "close akazange avume" kwamagciwane. Oku okufana irhashalala, imasisi, tularemia, unkonkonko. Umkhuhlane kunye segazi zahlukile kakhulu. Xa zavelisa sifo okwexeshana kuphela, okuhlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezine. Ke ukuba arhente causative na uhlobo olufanayo. Njengoko sisazi, kukho amawakawaka influenza ...

Species okukwazi ethile

iindlela zokukhusela yathengwa kuye kwavela kakhulu emva kokuzalwa. Bavuka ngethuba yendaleko, yaye bamele enye tshintsho ibalulekileyo eziphilayo. Ngaphandle okukwazi ethile besiya buhlungu okuninzi kaninzi.

Xa iveliswa emzimbeni (emva kogonyo okanye ngokuzimeleyo), oko kuthiwa esebenzayo. Ibizwa kwisixando xa bakulungele ukungena umzimba evela kwimithombo ngaphandle izilwa-buhlungu. Bangakwazi idluliselwe kunye umntwana umthubi sikanina, kwaye kwenziwa kunye iziyobisi okanye ugonyo ngexesha unyango.

Iimali nawo amandla okukwazi iisoyi kunye zendalo. Eyokuqala ibandakanya ungenelelo ngqo oluntu, oko kukuthi ugonyo. okukwazi Natural ukhandwa kusetyenziswa amachiza endalo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uhlobo isixando (umthubi wadlulisela) kunye esebenzayo (ukugula livela emva kokunikezela).

izinto okukwazi

Umzimba uyabachasa iintsholongwane, izifo kunye iintsholongwane ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Zezona cellular, humoral, okanye iindlela nokomzimba. imiba okukwazi Nonspecific ulusu thaca, inwebu yangaphakathi, enzymes. Kwakhona iquka okusingqongileyo acid-alkali ze esiswini, nkqu ... nangokuthimla.

Izixhobo sifo ngokwemvelo, qha yokuqala ingozi isongela. Benza konke okusemandleni sokuthomalalisa kuyo. Umzekelo, ukuba secretion unamadlala sebaceous kunye nokubila eluswini musa ukuvumela iintsholongwane ukuba ande. Ngamathe neenyembezi uwagqibe.

Izinto okukwazi ethile - yinto iseti iindlela ezinceda ukuphendula umzimba nomphambukeli, yokungenelela nokunqanda ukwanda lwabo. Ezi ziquka lomzimba ukubunjwa memory ngumzimba, i uxabane nawo, isakhono lymphocyte umbulali. Enye into kwakhona phagocytosis ugonyiwe, apho eziphilayo yayintsholongwane eyosulela sebenzi yi iiseli ezikhethekileyo - ziiphagocytes.

Oko komeleza kwamajoni omzimba?

Ekuhambeni yobomi bethu amajoni omzimba esoloko itshintsha yaye yahlaziywa, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba siyigcine ikwimo entle. Ewe, kakhulu kunene kuxhomekeke imfuza, kodwa indlela yobomi kuchaphazela zokuzikhusela zomzimba ngqo. Iingcebiso ukuba ukomeleza amajoni omzimba ke umgangatho ngokufanelekileyo, into ephambili apha, mhlawumbi rhoqo. Nantsi eminye imigaqo ekufuneka zilandelwe:

• Unamathele ukutya okunezondlo.
• Umthambo.
• Thatha ixesha lokuphumla.
• Kuphephe uxinzelelo khulu.
• Hamba esemsebenzini.
• Ukuhleka rhoqo kwaye namava iimvakalelo ezakhayo.