Amandla asePhoton

Kubalulekile ukuba umntu azame ukucacisa imithetho, ngokubhekiselele kuyo ihlabathi elijikelezile. Ekuseni kweNkathazo, zonke iziganeko zendalo zibhekiswe kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zithixo: imvula, indudumo, umbane, umoya - zonke zivela kwimvelaphi yazo. Emva koko i-mysticism yanikela kwenzululwazi. Nangona kwakusesebuncinaneni, ke, kwavumela iingqondo ezibuza ukuba zichaze ezinye zeemeko zendalo ngaphandle kokuthabatha oothixo. Umdla othile wawubonakala ngokukhanya. Kwimizamo yokuyichaza ngandlela-thile, kwacetyiswa ukuba ngumlambo oqhubekayo weengqungquthela ezincinci ze-corpuscular. Lo mzekelo walandelwa kwaye wenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo nguNewton. Kwaye ukuba kukho i-particle, kufuneka ukuba ibonakaliswe ngandlela-thile.

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba xa ubeka isandla sakho phantsi kwemisebe yelanga, uvakalelwa. Kuyaziwa ukuba oku kwenzeka ngenxa yemitha. Kodwa ingakanani ukufudumala kwelanga? Ngoko amandla e-photon afunyenwe-okokuqala ngendlela echanekileyo. Yaye i-particle ngokwayo yayibizwa ngokuba yi-quantum of light. Amandla e-photon isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-teknoloji yesimanje: umzekelo, iqala indlela yokuvula ngokuzenzekelayo iingcango kwiindawo ezinkulu.

Ukufumaneka kokungenakwenzeka

Ngoko, i-photon yincinci yokukhanya, ubuninzi bemandla. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olongezelelweyo luye lwaphakamisa ukungathandabuzeki malunga nokuchaneka kwendlela yokuziphatha. U-Huygens wabhekisela kuqala kwiipropati ezingaqhelekanga, kwaye uJung, kunye namava akhe athile, wafumanisa umonakalo wokuphazamiseka kwaye ngesiseko sakhe sibonakalisa ... ukutshatyalaliswa kokukhanya. Kubonakala ngathi-unokubeka ingongoma, kodwa yonke into yayiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kunzima ukukholelwa, kodwa i-photon ibonisa iipropati zombini kunye namaza, kunyekanye. Isiphumo salo naluphi uvavanyo luxhomekeke kulindeleke kumphandi ngokwakhe. Ucinga kunye nenjongo ngandlela-thile utshintshe i-particle ibe ngumtshini kunye nomva. Amandla e-photon ahlala engatshintshi kwaye angabalwa kwisakhelo se-classical theory.

Igama elithi "ijubane lokukhanya" lihambelana ngqo ne-photons. Enyanisweni, iikhilomitha ezili-300 zeekhilomitha / le - yilo lijubane apho ezi ngqungquthela zingenayo inqwaba. Ubukho babo abukwazi ukuhlukana phakathi kwesiphakamiso: sele esivela kwimvelaphi yayo, i-photons ishukunyiswa, yenza i-ray.

Amandla asePhoton

Amandla, isantya, kunye nobunzima bahambelana nomnye u-Einstein owaziwayo E = mc2. Ukongeza kwixesha likaPlank, sifumana:

E = h * v,

Ingaba phi i-longueth ofth of radiation light (frequency frequency); H yiyo njalo i-Planck.

Xa uqokelele amabini amabini, unako ukubala ubunzima:

M = (h * v) / c2

Siyaphinda okokuba le ngqungquthela ikhona nje ngokunyuka, ixabiso elifunyenweyo liyasebenza kulo mbuso.

Kucacile, njengoko ukhula lwamaxabiso lukhula (ukunyuka kwamavama), amandla akhula. Nangona kunjalo, iliso lomntu liyakwazi ukuthatha i-photons ngamandla amancinane angaphakathi. Oku kuchazwa lixabiso le-Planck rhoqo, emele umlinganiselo we-34 degrees, obanika amandla aphantsi kakhulu. Umzekelo, umbala obalaseleyo uhlaza. Kodwa amandla akhe angama-4 * 10 ukuya kumandla -19 ama-Joules.

Emva kwegama

Utshintsho olusuka kumatshini wokufundela ukuya kumatshini we-quantium wamanje, apho zonke iinkqubo ze-microworld zingachazwa kwisakhelo semodeli ehambelanayo, yaqhubeka kwada kwa-1900. Enye inxalenye ye-physicists inamathele kwiingcamango ze-corpuscular ezichazwe ngu-Einstein, kunye nenye inxalenye-kumzekelo omtsalane wokukhanya ophakanyiswa nguMaxwell. Ekugqibeleni, ingcamango yanamhlanje ye-photon yasungulwa emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwe-electron yayo (ekubeni i-final isaphandle kwe-athomu, ngoko ke i-shell shells ayisebenzisi kuyo).