Abantu bamandulo kummandla Russia mihla: itafile. Peoples kunye uthi amandulo kummandla Russia

abantu yamandulo wabonakala eRashiya ukususela kwixesha lakudala. Around 700.000 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, kuqala tywa phezu nemimandla yayo kumzantsi - ngasechwebeni i Kuban River kunye North neAsia. Imozulu apha ibithambile, indalo - izityebi yezityalo nezilwanyana ukutya, ngoko ke abantu bamandulo akazange enze umgudu okhethekileyo bokufumana, kwaye bayihlise izipho.

ice yobudala

abantu bamandulo eRashiya umntu kukufa, ngenxa yokuba kwakukho ezininzi ngeengozi, ngoko baqala ukungena kwi qela, ngokuba umhlambi abantu kwakudala. Kunye babesomba ukutya, akhuselekile ezidla waza walondoloza umlilo. Kodwa malunga 80.000 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, iimeko zokuphila ziye zehla kabukhali. Obandayo kuphole iphini kwimimandla esemantla izwekazi lethu. Ukususela glacier sele wabeka kumathafa esingenasiphelo umda, ezantsi enye, ukuhla ukuya kuLwandle Omnyama - a emathafeni abandayo. Indawo kunye nabemi endaweni izilwanyana ubushushu-onothando baba ezinoboya, ezifana mammoths, lomkhombe, inyathi, amahashe, adle.

Le ndoda ixesha nzima, kodwa yena uye naphaya. owona msebenzi wakhe ngoku kuhanjwe ukuzingela. ukufudumeza kuyimfuneko ukwenza umntu bamandulo kuphela ukugcina umlilo, kodwa osvoaivat ubulumko kwemveliso yawo. Ngokuthe ngcembe, abantu kuhlala entla, nangona iimeko ezinzima. Yokupaka indoda yamandulo qhuma kummandla Ukraine, kuMbindi kunye Lower iVolga.

Ke umhlambi yabantu indawo ekuhlaleni wesizwe, ekuhlanganiseni izalamane igazi. Uninzi lwezi ndawo kwasekwa isizwe. Ukutshintsha iimeko zokuphila, kwakunye nabo ifomu yabantu. look Modern ithathe 40 engamawaka eyadlulayo.

Kwezolimo, ukufuya iinkomo

Ngenxa yokuba eli ice yafikelela esiphelweni malunga 12-14 namawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, izilwanyana ezininzi ezinkulu saphela, ngoko kuzingela, nokuhlanganiselwa ayikwazanga ukondla abantu babo. Ivule neendlela ezintsha. Lonke utshintsho kwamagingxi kwezolimo kwelasezantsi, malunga 5-6 namawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngaxeshanye, inkqubo utshintsho iinkomo wokuzingela. Indoda yakudala neemeko inja, ihashe, ihagu, i ibhokhwe. iimveliso eziyimfuneko ngoku kuveliswa, kwaye uya ongaphathiswanga.

Ukuvela amagcisa

Ngokuthe ngcembe bafunda ukujija, waluka kwaye bethunga iingubo, uwose udongwe uze wenze izitya abantu yamandulo ngodongwe. Ezweni lasentla waya ukufunda usebenzisa Intuthuko entsha kwinkalo kwezithuthi. Sledding, Ukuskiya kwaye Ukuhamba zonke wahamba wahamba ade aya kufika elunxwemeni kwiBaltic kunye Arctic Ocean.

Inkcubeko eziphathekayo abantu bamandulo ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo ngokunxulumene ukufunyanwa kwezakhono iintsimbi processing. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo metal nelizwe iyahambelana ngakumbi. Ekuvelisweni ngentsimbi iimveliso isitokhwe zenzeka intsalela leyo nokutshintshanisa iincwadi phakathi kwezizwe. Uqwalaselo zentsimbi kunye nezinye izinto ezifunekayo izakhono enkulu kunye namava, ngoko kwakukho abantu ababandakanyekayo kwindawo yalo yomjikelo ekhwele ethile. Amagcisa inenzuzo enkulu, ke ukuvelisa izixhobo kunye neemveliso ezahlukeneyo.

amaqela iintlanga ukuba isiqalo sexesha elitsha

abantu bamandulo kummandla Russia mihla (Table №1, №2), njengoko uphando-mbali ngeelwimi, ekhaya iqela ezininzi uhlanga. Kwinxalenye yaseYurophu zezizwe Finnish kungekudala oslavyanilis kwaye wadlala indima enkulu kuphuhliso sabantu Russian. Namhlanje, kuMbindi Yenisei kukho kuphela babengamakhulu ambalwa Kets kunye Kolyma - Yukagirs.

North Caucasus abantu bamandulo kwi kummandla namhlanje Russia (Itheyibhile №2) Sendisicwaba enye yokuqala, yaye ngokutsho izazinzulu, ngelo xesha ndiya inkolo kuphela. UbuKristu yokuqala, kodwa andigweqe yi Islam ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ubuqaba igxininiswa inkolo entsha, yaye mihla. North Caucasus, esezantsi ye-Don kunye iVolga, kunye ngasemazantsi eSiberia zeAltai - nentsimi izizwe bakudala yamaSkitiya, amaSarmatia, neCaucasus kunye Don - yokuhlala Alans ababehlala kwimpuma Saki. KumaXesha Aphakathi ezihlangene Polovtsy. Ngexesha ngokuhlaselwa Batu Khan of kwinzala Alans enyamalala ezintabeni, ngoko wasinda - iminyanya kwiiOssetian yanamhlanje.

Apho abantu bamandulo kwi kwintsimi Russia mihla waphila? Table №1 kubonisa.

Kakade ke, ukuba asingabo bonke abantu abadala kummandla Russia yanamhlanje. Uluhlu №2 siyaqhubeka kuqala.

Bosporus State

Kunye nokuphuculwa lwezixhobo yabasebenzi, iintsapho ezininzi bakwazi ukulima ngokuzimeleyo, ngoko amaqhina zezizwe ukuba buthathaka. Generic uluntu ummelwane indawo (indawo). Abantu ndawonye ngokwesiseko yokuhlala kwindawo ethile. Izizwe ngeentsontelo close kwezoqoqosho bamanyene kuluntu yesizwe. Esentloko kubo sokuba ababusi. Olu tshintsho kuba sokonakalisa kwenkqubo abangekaphuhli zoluntu, kwaye ukuvela iindlela ezintsha lombutho - urhulumente.

Eyokuqala ithi kwavela kumazantsi Russia. omkhulu ZesiGrike kwiinkulungwane 7-6 BC. e. Bona waseka isixeko-karhulumente kunxweme loLwandle Omnyama (empuma ngentla). Cities kufuphi i Kerch Strait kwinkulungwane 5 BC sasimanyene ebukumkanini Bosporus, nto leyo eyaba urhulumente bazizityebi aselunxwemeni lolwandle wasentla Black.

umbuso zamaSkitiya

Abamelwane, amaGrike izizwe Iranian abathetha, ngokuhlangeneyo ekubhekiselwe ngamaSkitiya. kwizizwe zamaSkitiya ohlulwa aba Njengeenkomo zazizihambela neefama ukuba amavila. Ilizwe amaSkitiya lowo ulangazelelwa angaboyisi ezininzi, ngoko ukubonakalisa izizwe igalelo simanyene. Xa intloko manyano kwavela inkokeli inamandla kwaye yazibeka ukumkani. Ngoko urhulumente omtsha - ubukumkani bamaSkitiya.

Xa BC ngenkulungwane 4 It Wasolula ukusuka iDanube ukuya emaqeleni iCrimea. Ngomhla BC yesi-3. e. Northern Sea ithi Black babewiselwe ngokuhlaselwa zizizwe zalapho ezifana amaSarmatia, ngamaGoth, Huns. kuhlaselwa Hun kwinkulungwane 4 kwayitshabalalisa urhulumente wokuqala kummandla ilizwe Northern noLwandle Black.