A380 - lo moya. moya Modern. Yimalini i "Airbus A380"

A380 - lo moya, apho wayesebenza phezu ekudalweni iingcali Airbus SAS Group Kubalulekile inkulu umkhweli airliner ehlabathini. Le nqanawa ufikelela umphakamo 24,08 m kunye 72,75 m ubude. Aircraft iphiko span 79,75 m kuqwalaselo odnoklassovoy, oko ukuthwala abakhweli 853 ngo-class ezintathu -. 525. ubuninzi Umgama non-stop yokubhabha -. 15 400 amawaka Km.

kwabayili Labour

Njengoko ababhekisi phambili, kunye nobunzima kakhulu kwakuskenwa kwi iinketho zophendlo ekunciphiseni ubunzima umoya isitya A380. Le ndiza likwazile ukwenza umbulelo lula ukusetyenziswa ezininzi izinto ezihlolwayo ukudala kuphela ngamasuntswana okuyilwa amandla, kodwa ke izincedisi, design and more. Ukongeza, kuba ezi njongo ukuba kusetyenziswe kakhulu eziphambili izisombululo zobugcisa kancincane aluminium. Ngenxa yoko, 40% kunobukhulu iziko odinnadtsatitonnogo ukwenza zisasilela carbon. Kuba imveliso kwicala iipanele fuselage eliphezulu basebenzisa gqith ilitha. Ngokuphawulekayo ukunciphisa inani zokubopha ukuvumela laser iintsimbi, ukusebenza kunye stringers asezantsi yolawulo fuselage.

Airbus A380 - moya, ukudalwa eyathatha iminyaka eyishumi. Indleko iprojekthi namabhongo yaba euro billion elinambini. Ngokutsho abameli kwinkampani Airbus, kule mali ihlawulwe off, ukuthengisa iikopi amakhulu amane anamanci mabini-moya. Ngokusekelwe kwezi data, sinako ukubala malini kubiza lo moya. Imali emikhulu - 28 million 571 namawaka 428 kowethu ikopi nganye ..

Njani ukuba kwaqala

A380 - lo moya, eyaqala ukuba le njongo zilandelayo: ukwandisa uluhlu lweemveliso yenkampani Airbus SAS aze ahambe phambili iBoeing-747 izithuba. Le mpikiswano kwi kuqwalaselo yokugqibela moya zigqityiwe ngo-2001 Iinxalenye yokuqala A380 elements nephiko zaveliswa ngoJanuwari 2002. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi lokuqala, iindleko zenkqubo kuhluka kuluhlu 8.7 - 8.8 billion euro .. Emva kwendibano -moya yokuqala , oku kwenani ku-11 ezigidi (kamva kuye kwenyuka).

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba igalelo elikhulu ukuya kuyilo A380F modeli kufuneka abasebenzi Airbus ECAR lobunjineli iziko eMoscow. Ngenxa yemigudu abathungi Russian yaba umthamo omkhulu lomsebenzi nokuyilwa iinxalenye ngamanye fuselage, izibalo amandla, ibekwe kwi-kwibhodi izixhobo yanika inkxaso ekuveliseni lothotho inani lo moya.

Apho macandelo ziveliswa kwaye nendlela kuthuthwe

Abaziingcali eFransi, eJamani, i-UK kunye Spain abasebenza kwi ukwakhiwa amacandelo eziphambili moya. Ngenxa yobukhulu enkulu kula macandelo kuziswa e Toulouse ngamanzi zezothutho komhlaba. Ezinye iindawo usenamandla kwi An-24.

Ngomsila kunye nempumlo fuselage izinto ro impahla kwi enqanaweni «Ville de Bordeaux» (ngeye Airbus Inkxalabo) e Hamburg ukuya kwi-UK. Iyangena Mostyn wanikela amaphiko console eveliswe Broughton kunye Filton. Kukho ezi zinto zazilayishwa ebhodini ekhankanywe «Ville de Bordeaux». Sityeni Cádiz inamacandelo komsila kunye nasezantsi kwicandelo fuselage. Bonke ke wazikhulula e Bordeaux. Ukusuka apho ke, izinto abasemthethweni zaye zathuthwa Langon, ze ke bamnikele emhlabeni eToulouse. Sele ndiza ndawonye bathunyelwa ukuya eHamburg ukuba izixhobo lokugqibela. A380 - moya, nto leyo efunekayo yokugubungela iilitha 3600 ipeyinti (indawo nesingxobo uwonke - 3100 square metres).

test

moya Modern phambi kokukhutshwa kanye kungena iindiza zezona uvavanyo ezinzulu. Ngaba Akukho Ngaphandle kulo mba kunye nemodeli A380. Ngokukodwa moya ezintlanu zakhiwa uvavanyo ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ibhodi eyokuqala e Toulouse ngoJanuwari 2005, i-moya yokuqala yenziwa Aprili 27 ngonyaka omnye. Yabasebenzi yayiquka amalungu amathandathu elikhokelwa uJacques Rossi - an onamava uvavanyo olulingwayo. touchdown ngempumelelo kuye kwenzeka emva 3 yr. 54 imiz. isanda.

test flight series uqala ngoDisemba 2005. Kwaba ngoko ukuba lo moya lifikelele ngesantya onomtsalane 0.96 max kwi likude ongekho nzulu.

A380 - lo moya (. Jonga umfanekiso ngentla), Made moya yayo yokuqala Intambo 10.01.2006 Isiqalo nyaka kwaphawula le meko yokuqala ezingalindelekanga: in static uvavanyo iphiko lenqwelo-mveliso e Toulouse enye nqanawa ngequbuliso Ndisuke, abakwazi ukumelana umthwalo 145% ye eliyimali . Njengoko kuchaziwe imigaqo yokhuseleko eyama ingqibelelo naluphi na utshintsho kufuneka kwenzeke nomthwalo 150% iseti. Ngenxa yoko yenkokheli Airbus Consortium, kwagqitywa ekubeni izilungiso kuyilo kwamaphiko moya. Ngenxa ukongeza lweziqalelo yandisa ubunzima lulonke isakhiwo liye landa ezingamashumi amathathu Kilo, elinesine ezo ukulungiswa iibholiti.

Lo moya yokuqala A380 senye kunye abakhweli ebhodini iye yabanjwa ngempumelelo yesine ngoSeptemba 2006.

Iimpawu design

A 380 800 - ukuguqulwa ekujongwe ukuba zingathutha abakhweli 555 okanye 583 (kuxhomekeke kuqwalaselo). Ngowe-2007, Airbus sele uqalile ezifundisa abathengi isitya kunye asezantsi amandla (izihlalo 525) sisananelo ukunyuka uluhlu moya (oko kwenza iikhilomitha ezininzi 370). Le ukuguqulwa kunokwenzeka ukuba kuzuzwe lukhulu iintsingiselo ukuthobela zothutho premium.

Kukho nenye nenguqulo Airbus ingxelo. It A380-800F version impahla. Lo moya uyakwazi ukwenza ukuya ku ikhulu elinamanci mahlanu iitoni imithwalo. Uluhlu liphezulu yeekhilomitha 10.370.

Kwixesha elizayo sihlelwe ukuvelisa jet airliner A380-900 nokulungalungiswa. Abafuna ukuyihambisa umthamo ngakumbi (656/960 abakhweli) kunye uluhlu efanayo.

pilot emsebenzini

Ukwenzela ukunciphisa iindleko zoqeqesho crew abongezelelweyo zonke Airbus esakhiwa-moya yezitshixo kunye nokusingatha ezineempawu ezifanayo. A380 yohlukile eziphuculweyo cab umgangatho yeglasi. Yokujika nga ilawulwe ukude ngokusebenzisa drives zombane, abaqhagamshelwe kunye iinqanam ulawulo kwicala. -Moya zifakwa kakhulu izixhobo ukubonisa mihla. Yinto asithoba ibonisa LCD interchangeable umlinganiselo 20 cm 15. Ezimbini kwezi zizalathisi ze data lokuhla usenyuka, ezi imiboniso emibini ulwazi olusisiseko malunga moya, iinjini ezimbini ziyaziswa malunga nomsebenzi omnye inika inkcazelo malunga nesimo esikhoyo ngoku kwinkqubo yonke. Eziseleyo amagosa okubeka esweni iimviwo ezimbini ezijongene nemiba ngemiba yezemfundo.

Kuba kokufaka moya kunokuthathwa usebenzise umxube igesi yendalo kunye zeparafini kunye GTL.

izinto ezisetyenziswayo

Yimalini moya Airbus A380? Ngaphezu ezingamashumi amabini anesibhozo million euro. Imali encomekayo ezifunekayo-moya, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokusetyenziswa sophuculo izinto oyintlanganisela zokwakha, kuquka iplastiki kunye nentsimbi, luqiniswe kwimicu dust, carbon kunye negilasi. Ngaphezu koko, xa imveliso moya aluminiyamu zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Ngokubambisana nale laser welding akubikho mfuneko rivet.

Kubaqinisekisa flight ukhululekile

Njengoko iingcali lusekiwe, izinga lengxolo kule ndlu ka A380 kabini ngaphantsi kwi iBoeing-747. Ngaphezu koko, ngaphakathi moya xi womoya kujongwa ugcinwe kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Zombini ezi zinto zenzelwe ukunika fatigue esezantsi abakhweli ngexesha esemoyeni.

nobhazabhaza ezimbini akhiwe ngomsila kunye impumlo-moya, odibanisa ube eliphezulu nengasezantsi. A380 yohlukile isimanga individualization amathuba. Kungenxa yoko le nto, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Airbus, izinga lokukhula imveliso ayikho phezulu njengoko kuqikelelwa ngaphambili. Lo moya ungakwazi mayixhotyiswe ishawa, ibhari, indawo yokuphumula, ivenkile Duty Free. Ngenxa isiteshi satellite ekhoyo abakhweli noququzelelwa ngomnxeba okanye wireless uqhagamshelwano Internet (Wi-Fi).

Okwangoku, iihambo ngomoya eRashiya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-A380 zenziwa. Ikhutshwe umyalelo iibhodi ezine, kodwa okwangoku akukho namnye kubo ukuba yakhiwe.

iimeko ezingalindelekanga

Isiganeko sokuqala senzeke ngomhla wesine ngoNovemba 2010. Ngaloo mini bakhwela A380, ephethwe yi-Qantas, wambopha eSingapore eSydney. Enye iinjini-moya wala phakathi kwemizuzu embalwa isanda. Lo moya kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele moya e Singapore. Ngokutsho kwabasemagunyeni Australian, akukho namnye abakhweli-433 kunye namalungu enqanaweni 26 waza wenzakala. Ukongeza, bead likaxakeka ngexesha ebikhona izixhobo isondo wavuleka. Emva kwesi siganeko, ulawulo inkampani yagqiba ekubeni gxotha iinqwelo of Airbus A380 engeka kuye iintsuku ezimbini phambi kokuba kugqitywe lokuhlolwa eneenkcukacha.

Isiganeko sesibini senzeka ngomhla weshumi elinesibini ka-Apreli 2011. Emva koko ke ibhodi alunge Air France, wambamba iphiko kwayo umsila-moya CRJ 700 nabaChatshazelwa wayengekho.

isiphelo

Airbus A380 - isiphumo lomsebenzi onzima of abayili kunye nabenzi. Lo moya mkhulu kontanga yayo ekufutshane ezahlukeneyo izicwangciso. Kangakanani na-moya, ziziphi iimpawu inkqubo zayo zoyilo kunye nendalo? Yonke le mibuzo yaphendulwa kwinqaku ngasentla.