A unyango lwesifo sephepha. amachiza anti-TB Entsha: igama, imiyalelo

nesifo Isifo sephepha kuthiwa indalo esosulelayo, zibangelwa yi-Mycobacterium (wand Goch) ngokubonakala uqhelekileyo eyendawo miphungeni. unyango sifo kufuneka ibe banzi, eqhubekayo, kuquka amachiza eziliqela anti-TB, banikwe uvakalelo lwe gciwane.

iqela iziyobisi

Iyeza ngalinye TB yinxalenye yeqela elithile asethi. Le unikezelo isekelwe nokuqulunqwa kwemichiza, umsebenzi kwezonyango kunye tolerability lwezigulane:

• kuthotho lokuqala ( "INH" "rifampicin") - kakhulu ngempumelelo;
• ukrozo lwesibini ( "streptomycin", "kanamycin") - ukusebenza avareji;
• umqolo wesithathu ( "Thioacetazone" "PAS") - iyasebenza kangako.

amachiza asebenza kakhulu ezithi zisetyenziswe kakhulu ngokuhlanganisa ngamnye kubo kunye indlela yamanye amaqela. Amacwecwe eziseleyo nesifo ekuthiwa yogcino. Bona asetyenziswa kwiimeko apho pathogen uyala izithako ezisebenzayo kumqolo wokuqala.

"INH"

I 'INH "iziyobisi isetyenziswa kunyango abadala kunye nabantwana. wesenzo sibhekiswe kwifom esebenzayo ye gciwane. Ngokubhekiselele mycobacteria kwimo yokuphumla, yena angabi. Ukubunjwa yeqokobhe Goch wand iquka mikolievaya acid, ogama kuyondelelaniswe ukuba bacinezelwa iziyobisi.

"Isoniazid" - indlela yokunyanga isifo sephepha kuzo zonke iindawo kunye neefom. Umthamo siyahlengahlengiswa ngamnye, ngokuxhomekeke njani, oko kuthetha of specialist lithethelela ukuba ukulungiselela odityanisiweyo.

1. "Isoniazid" + "rifampicin" - ikhondo unyango luthatha iiveki ezi-6 okanye 8. Ichiza ethathwa kanye yonke imihla kusasa ungatyanga.
2. "Isoniazid" + "Thioacetazone".
3. "Isoniazid" + "rifampicin" + "pyrazinamide" - in isixhobo loo ukuhlanganiswa a ubizwa ngokuba "Rifater". Faka iinyanga 2 yonke imihla, ukwandisa ukusebenza konyango, "streptomycin" okanye "ethambutol".
4. "Isoniazid" + "Ethambutol" - amayeza TB njengoko kwanonyango yesondlo.

"Rifampicin"

Iimpawu ze ichiza "rifampicin": imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa (esebenzisa ixabiso - malunga 200 engange) lucebisa ukuba into esebenzayo nxamnye mycobacteria kummandla ochaphazelekayo, efikelela ingqalelo eliphezulu apho. iintsholongwane ze-TB badla ngokukhawuleza siqhelane kuyo, ngenxa yezinto beziyobisi ulinganiselwe. Akukho kusetyenziswa ngexesha lokuncancisa, kuba unalo impahla kukuninzi zibe ubisi lwebele.

"Rifampicin", imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa, ixabiso ezidweliswe kwi sites ezizodwa zoxubo mayeza uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ebonisa amazwe zilandelayo:

• cephalalgia (intloko ebuhlungu);
• ingathityazwa ukusilela kwezintso (yokusebenza sezintso kwakhona emva ulawulo zeziyobisi);
• ziyabagulisa;
• Iimpawu dyspeptic - ukugabha, urhudo, ukuqumba;
• ukungaboni;
• utshintsho parameters kwilebhu igazi yoluvo.

para-aminosalicylic acid

"PAS" - unyango lwesifo sephepha ngokusekelwe acid salicylic acid. Oveliswa ngokohlobo iipilisi, isisombululo, granules. Idosi yemihla ngemihla yahlulwe amathamo 3 lwamkelwe, ubisi okusela, amanzi izimbiwa, umxube soda buthathaka. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha ubeka idosi yemihla ngemihla kwinyathelo elinye.

A ukulungiselela ngohlobo self-wabelwa kuphela xa zidityaniswe kunye nezinye izinto anti. Sisebenza kuphela kwi-arhente, bakulo kwindawo esebenzayo. Kweelana mycobacteria ukuya into esebenzayo yenziwe nesele zange ziphuhliswe.

"Pyrazinamide"

Amacwecwe nesifo ezinxulumene neziyobisi-lodidi lwesibini zokwenziwa. Isetyenziswa kwi edityanisiweyo unyango lwesifo sephepha nawuphi lizwe. Besebenzisa "pyrazinamide" ngethuba lokukhulelwa lokwaphusa kunokwenzeka, ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni mycobacteria abanganyangekiyo kwamanye amachiza asebenza kakhulu.

Kanye ngenyanga kufuneka iliso kwinqanaba transamiaz kwaye ubukho uric acid egazini ngexesha arhente unyango ixesha elide. Izimo ukuba ukusetyenziswa zezi:

• hypersensitivity ngamnye ukuba into esebenzayo;
• inkqubo sezintso yayinzima;
• ngezifo kweziphilayo esibindini.

fluoroquinolones

qela iziyobisi isetyenziswa njenge unyango kobude. Iimali zibe nefuthe bactericidal, echaphazela mycobacteria ngexesha lokuphumla kunye ngexesha umsebenzi.

"Ciprofloxacin" Kucetyiswa xa zidityaniswe namanye amachiza anti-TB. xiyimiso obukhulu emzimbeni iyazalisekiswa phakathi kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukusuka kwixesha ulwamkelo. Oku kungabangela iingxaki sotyatyazo, cephalalgia, ixhala, negazi, sinciphise acuity ezibonwayo.

"Ofloxacin" - unyango lwesifo, nto leyo echaphazela indawo iDNA kwiiseli ze gciwane. Iyafumaneka emacwecweni kunye isisombululo nokubandakanywa. Le idosi yemihla ngemihla ifunyenwe ngamanyathelo ezimbini kukho amathuba iyure-12. Oku kwenza kube lula ukugcina rhoqo ukufumaneka eyimfuneko "ofloxacin" emzimbeni.

"Lomefloxacin" - ichiza olusebenzayo unamalunga nama-100% bioavailability. Lithetha "kokuphazamisa" kwi-DNA ye-pathogen chain nam indawo yayo kwiseli. Contraindicated ngexesha lokukhulelwa, zisanyisa, abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18.

amachiza amatsha

Innovations entsimini TB enxulumene nophuhliso olusebenzayo kakhulu amachiza alwa i-TB, i-uvakalelo iintsholongwane ukuba zazingathandanga bunciphe, kwithuba elide.

amachiza amatsha yokulwa nesifo:

• "Perchlozone" - ubuncwane unalo zinetyhefu ephantsi umzimba zoluntu, naxa kunjalo, iyasebenza kakhulu nxamnye mycobacteria. Izimo ziquka ukukhulelwa, zisanyisa, ebuntwaneni, hypersensitivity ngamnye, sezintso zesibindi ngezifo.
• "Mikobutin" - lithathwe arhente antibacterial rifabutin asetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezingapheliyo zesi sifo izigulane abanganyangekiyo "rifampicin". Oku kusetyenziselwa kuphela nje unyango, kodwa okuthintela izifo.
• "Bedakvilin" ( "Sirturo") iyindlela ezintsha abathintela imveliso enqanda ebalulekileyo Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eyiyo emva kweenyanga ezi-3 yonyango (xa kuthelekiswa namanye amachiza zibonisa isiphumo kwiminyaka 1.5-2), enika iziphumo zovavanyo ezimbi.

iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango

Kukuvela ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngenxa yokuba amachiza asetyenziswa kakhulu kuchaphazela iinkqubo pathways ezenzeka umguli, ukuba nibaphelise nophuhliso kwezifo esihanahanisa- okanye imibala, ukuphazamiseka iinkqubo redox.

Ezi side effects ezixhaphakileyo zezi:

• ubuthulu;
• polyneuritis neuropathy;
• sokunciphisa umsebenzi wamalungu ezinkulu kunye neenkqubo;
• ziyabagulisa;
• goiter;
• candidiasis;
• iimpawu dyspeptic.

A kubonakaliswa ethile sokungamelani Jarisch-Herxheimer - impendulo isigulane omkhulu ukutshatyalaliswa mycobacteria kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango.

amayeza Folk ukuba isifo sephepha

Nokuphathwa ixesha elide izigulane ukulungele ukuzama nayiphi na indlela, njengoko ukukhawulezisa inkqubo impiliso. Iqela zokupheka ukwandisa ukusebenza unyango ngamachiza.

Icephe ezinde Amaqhina kugalela iikomityi 2 sobisi utywala okanye yevodka. Ukunyanzelisa de de isisombululo uya kuba cognac umbala. Thatha icephe ka-3 ngosuku ngexesha lonke ikhondo unyango.

Reed ushiya ahlambe, eyomileyo kunye cuba, baphuma amacephe-3. Galela iikomityi 2 amanzi, bilisa imizuzu 5-7. Lokufuna kunye uhlobo. Sela 1/2 indebe ulwelo phambi kwesidlo otyiwa ngasinye.

Nembila inqatha, ubusi kunye walnuts - amayeza iintsomi isifo sephepha, ukusebenza elandelwayo exhomekeke kule udibaniso ekunene. amantongomane nakhandiweyo, kunye peretaplivaetsya namanqatha. Zonke izithako zixubene kusenziwa ngokwemilinganiselo ngokulinganayo. Lo mxube ifakwa emlonyeni ubambe up ade Inyibilikile.

Pine okanye nespruce incindi wathulula utywala 2-2.5 cm phezulu eliswenyiweyo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva isisombululo uba eyohlobo olulodwa. Ukuze oku Kongezelelwa le lard zaphela kwaye ekalika ubusi inani elifanayo. Thatha itispuni kathathu ngemini iinyanga ezintandathu.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kusetyenziswe naziphi na iindlela kunye amalungiselelo kufuneka kwenzeke phantsi kweliso kugqirha.