Yoguquko: ntoni na? Kutheni kufuneka sibe ngumnxibelelanisi kwi imoto?

Kukho enye inxalenye iimoto mihla, nto leyo iminyaka emininzi i sizathu eshushu kakhulu amadabi abaqhubi. Kodwa ezi mpikiswano kunzima ukuqonda ukuxambulisana kwicala ngalinye. Omnye umqhubi 'for "enye" nxamnye ". Le iinkcukacha - elo converter encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi. Kutheni sifuna kuvala oko kubalulekile, yena wenza kuyilo emotweni, nisilwa ngayo ngonaphakade? Makhe sibone oko phandle.

converter encedisa ukuqalisa

Le nxalenye luphawulwa uyilo elula, kodwa indima onayo emotweni, enkulu kakhulu kwaye kakhulu. Ukusebenza nayiphi na injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi kunye ukukhutshwa iziqu ezininzi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kwaye iyingozi kakhulu (zonke ezi zinto kunye neegesi ezinetyhefu ngokusebenzisa i umendo output emotweni ziyafumaneka ngqo emoyeni). Converter unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka ubuthi ukukhutshwa, ukuze ngokwenjenjalo kuphuculwe imeko esingqongileyo.

Ngoko ke, esebenzisa reactions ezizodwa kwemichiza, ingakumbi izinto eziyityhefu, ayikho impembelelo ilungileyo kwi-atmosfere, eziguqulelwe kwi iigesi ayinabungozi leyo ke imveliso ngokusebenzisa kombhobho zeemoto.

Ukongeza inkqubo zeemoto kuvala kwakhona iqeshe mpilo. Ziyayilawula umgangatho umxube ezinokutsha kwaye kuchaphazela ukusebenza converter encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi. Fumana le mveliso banokuba phecana zeemoto phakathi muffler kunye injini. Izixhobo ngakumbi ukhuselwe yesinyithi screen, kuba xa ifowuni itshiswe. Khangela, kubonakala ngathi ngumnxibelelanisi - ifoto aye ngezantsi.

History of indalo

Kule minyaka ingama-60 xa urhulumente onke kumazwe aphuhlileyo behlabathi ahlawule ingqalelo kwinqanaba kokusingqongileyo, kwaye owaya isixa ezikhutshwayo ezivela imibhobho zeemoto yeemoto ezininzi. Kwaye kufuneka kuthiwe ukuba umthetho lo gama abakhupha amazinga ayikwazi ukuba zilungiswe.

Ngowe-1970, le migangatho ngqa baye bamkelwa, apho kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwemibandela yolawulo imoto. Le migangatho zaye thaca uluhlu izikhokelo umxholo kunye nobungakanani neegesi zeemoto zinetyhefu ingakumbi izinto eziyingozi.

Lo mgangatho lithiwe rhuthu ukuba ngeemoto ezintsha kufuneka asebenzise kuvala ukuba isixhobo okunjalo kuya kunciphisa kakhulu isixa carbon monoxide kunye neemveliso hydrocarbon yokutsha.

Ukususela ngo-1975, lo kuvala waqala yokuxhobisa zonke iimoto zaveliswa. Le nto inyanzelekile.

Icebo nangemigaqo yokusebenza

Amaxesha amaninzi le fowuni imiselwe emva umbhobho imveliso ye injini okanye mhlawumbi mayixhonywe ngqo kwi esisangqa of the ngezilingo zeemoto.

Izixhobo iquka iyunithi carrier okhethekileyo, kukho izindlu intsimbi kunye izinto zokwambathisa ezikhoyo.

Le yenethiwekhi siqulathe ezininzi iiseli, efana yobusi. Yena owenza kwisixhobo phantse wonke umsebenzi. Ezi seli babe ukutyabeka ezikhethekileyo - ukusebenza kuqamba. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo iinkcukacha kakuhle ukufunda umsebenzi ngoko nangoko, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba lobushushu kwisixokelelwano zeemoto lisingisa degrees 200-300.

Neutralizer afterburning le carbon monoxide equlethwe iimveliso ukutshiswa ngokunjalo hydrocarbon. Kukho nezinye izinto ukuba Nokwethisa lo kuvala. Ziziphi ezi izinto? Le Nox. Le gas inetyhefu kwaye iyingozi. It utshabalalisa inwebu yangaphakathi yabantu.

Cell-converters ezihlawulelwayo mncane kakhulu umboniso ngokwesiseko eyahlukile platinum-iridium ingxubevange. Abo elwa izinto eziyityhefu abaqhumisela kwi injini, xa ochukumisa kwindawo eshushu, nangoko iiseli ezincinane ecima. Ngenxa yale nkqubo, iza kuthatha intsalela oksijini kuhleliyo iigesi exhaust sele ayityhefu. Ngenxa yale nxalenye ipipi zeemoto i ibekwe hayi izinto eziyityhefu.

iintlobo

NeeCartridges yoguquko zingenziwa ngezinto yodongwe okanye ngentsimbi. Phakathi abaqhubi zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye ithandwa nguye ngodongwe. Ewe kakuhle ukumelana amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, yaye azichaphazeli umhlwa. Phakathi iingenelo - ixabiso ephantsi ngumnxibelelanisi onjalo (into leyo, ezifana iiseramikhi, ibe ngendleko ephantsi imveliso, uyazi iingcali).

Kuye kuvala yodongwe bendlela. Oku ubu wayo. Iinkcukacha ukumelana ngokupheleleyo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo umonakalo, kwakunye ifowuni ibekwe phantsi emazantsi kumatshini, kukho ithuba elihle kwiyunithi yentlanganiso kunye umda, ilitye, nantoni na. Ngoko ke nto ndiya kuyaphula. Analogs ye intsimbi yomelele kakhulu, kodwa ke ixabiso labo liphezulu kakhulu ngenxa ingxubevange platinum. Umzekelo, Vaz kuvala kuthe luqhawulo ayenziwanga kulungiswa, kwaye ezintsha, abaninzi musa ukuthenga ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu.

Ehlanganisa on brand ezahlukeneyo yeemoto

Iimoto, kuxhomekeke umenzi yakho ziyahluka kakhulu. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo le converters. Kwakhona ziyahluka ukusuka model kukhombisa. Siza kujonga iintlobo imoto kakhulu ethandwa.

Wha

Le ngumnxibelelanisi kwi zitsha akukho ezahlukeneyo. Bonke zenziwe ngentsimbi, besilela ngokufuthi ngenxa yokulimala ezahlukeneyo. Fumana ifowuni emotweni kuba phantsi emazantsi, kummandla kumbhobho zeemoto le-injini. Amaninzi ilungiswe ityala iza kwenzeka nakanjani.

"Ford"

Mu kuya kwa nshita automakers zasekhaya, inkampani "Ford" abayinyamekelayo abaqhubi. Ngenxa yoko, i izixhobo lwaze imimoya enetyhefu xa koomatshini yalo uphawu senziwe ngokusekelwe ngodongwe.

Ukulawula imali ioksijini abapasa qualitative isixhobo iikhemikhali reaction ezisetyenziswa olumayelana Lambda leyo ihlanganiswe kwi computer.

Ngenxa yoko, yoguquko "Qwalasela" nto leyo iza owodwa kwaye utsale abenzi ezimbini nombuthi. Nge-injini enamandla ebaleka umqokeleli ezimbini kwaye utsale abenzi-4. Le yokugqibela zingafunyanwa phambi nasemva kokuba yunithi. lokuguqulela unako esweni kunye kwidashboard.

Le fowuni ilungiselelwe 120 lamawaka. Km. Ukuba usebenzisa amafutha motor osezantsi-umgangatho, elicandelo nokuba yonakele ngokukhawuleza. Xa ekungaphumelelini iza kulungiswa "Ford" akunakwenzeka. Kulo mzekelo, kuphela indawo.

Khangela operation kunokwenziwa lula, yaye baqonde oko kufuneka itshintshwe, yaye kulula. Ngenxa yoguquko iimpawu amandla ngongasebenziyo iwela kakhulu. Ukuze kukuvavanya isixhobo, ukwenza imilinganiselo kwezinto ezinobungozi xa qeda yeemoto. Ukuba amacebo kucocwe, ngoko ke inqanaba ityhefu eziyingozi iya kuba off-scale.

Kwakhona khangela serviceability ungakwazi ngokususa woluvo enyusiweyo ukuya converter encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi.

Emva koko, usebenzisa iadaptha okhethekileyo kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa igeyiji xi ukwenza imilinganiselo uxinzelelo kwi imithwalo ezahlukeneyo injini. Nokuba ifowuni waphula phantsi, lo kuvala akwenzeki ukuyilungisa.

Ukuba yoguquko ugcwale "Ford", kulo mzekelo, ukususa icebo endala, wammisa entsha kunye kwenyuka endaweni yayo. Kananjalo kufuneka abekwe endaweni arrester kuvala okanye converter iphela.

"Toyotovskie" kuvala

"Toyota" kulo mba kwaye ayahlukanga langutana. Zizo ezi ziiseli ezinye ngegolide engathi ngumfanekiswana okanye platinum-iridium ingxubevange. Kule brand iinqwelo ezintsha ezinjalo izixhobo ezintathu - ukuba udityanisiwe kwi nye series. Ngamnye kubo senzelwe ukucocwa yeegesi ukusuka kwenye uhlobo oluthile sezinto ezingcolisa.

ukusebenza eyiyo lo kuvala

Kwisixhobo kangangoko kunokwenzeka imeko siwazise eziphilayo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuyisebenzisa kakuhle. Ngoko ke, lo isindululo sokuqala esibaluleke kakhulu, nto leyo eza kwandisa ubomi kwezixhobo, - sisibaso esemgangathweni evela brand kakuhle awaziwayo ethandwayo. fuel quality Poor sinokuqulatha izinto ukuba ekwaziyo kokutshabalalisa amakhulu wokutshiza ngaphandle kobunzima. nempembelelo sibi kwi kuvala ( "Kalina" kungekho ngaphandle), sisinyithi, ezifana tetrosvinets. Le into kudala wavalwa kumazwe amaninzi ahambele phambili.

Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukukhumbula ukuba converter isebenza phantsi kweempembelelo amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu, ngoko musa apake imoto apho izinto lula phantsi, amagqabi, iphepha, okanye enye into.

Umqhubi, ukuba oyifunayo, ukugcina kuvala akufunekanga evame zokuqalisa ukuba umatshini ungaqali.

Kulungile ukuba ukuthatha ikhefu. Kwakhona, musa ukuzitshintsha crankshaft, ngaloo ndlela ikhubaze kwiplagi yintlantsi. Kufuneka uqale i injini encediswa tugboats.

Wazi njani ukuba waphula

Ukuba, umzekelo, imoto kuvala ( "Chevrolet Aveo" phakathi kwabo), kwaye umele uqonde ukuba isebenza okanye hayi, kuba kukho iindlela ezininzi.

Xa umatshini isebenza ngesiqhelo, ngoko naliphi na isibane mode kwiqela lenjongo isixhobo, ngale ngxaki ngumnxibelelanisi, ingabi kukukhanya.

Ukuba umba lowo kwi semi-abasebenzi karhulumente, ngoko kukho ukunqongophala kwamandla injini xa ingadumeli phezulu. Kusasa imoto ukuqala mandundu. Kwakhona umatshini ulahlekelwa isantya kwaye amafutha yokusebenzisa ukunyuka. Konke oku kuba yilahleko kulo ukuba umba kufuneka itshintshwe.

Yokulungisa izandla zabo

Kwizikhululo ezininzi abaqhubi beemoto bathi nokulungiswa ezi zixhobo akwenzeki. Enyanisweni, oko. Noko ke, ukuba umba ivalekile, unga zama kuhlamba kuyo. Ukuba converters eziliqela kumatshini, ngoko ke ezisusiweyo yokuqala kunye yesibini ndahlamba. Ungabona kuvala enjalo - ifoto ngaye ngezantsi. Ukunkcenkceshela bancome umxube wokucoca carburetors. Ukuba isiphumo olubonisiweyo amafutha amaninzi, kufuneka bathele nto for ubusuku omnye ibhakethi diesel.

Ngaphezu koko, lesixhobo abuthe aze onwabele iziphumo. Noko ke, ukugqiba umsebenzi nangoku kucetyiswa ukuba ukuthenga isixhobo esitsha. Kukho imodeli jikelele efanelekileyo iimoto ezininzi.