Yintoni uvalo kunye noyilo echaphazela indlela umgangatho imifanekiso.

Le khamera lwasungulwa eko ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe nguJoseph Niepce. It Niépce ophethe ifoto yehlabathi yokuqala "View", i-ngcali leyo engu-30. Ukususela ngoko, iikhamera yamacebo kunokuba abangekaphuhli opto-mechanical ezilula zibe izixhobo ze-elektroniki ephucukileyo ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ezintsha kunye nophuhliso phantse zonke kwiinkalo yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa. Iinguqu eziphambili ziye ke abachaphazelekayo ukwakhiwa,, asizizo zonke iinxalenye lwecamera. Mhlawumbi eyona nto ibalulekileyo nokumisela iyunithi zonke iintlobo khamera - ilens - ayikatshintshi njengokuba umzimba ebizwa njalo-, wafaka kunye neeletroniki ezithengiswayo. Kwanele ukuba uqaphele ukuba iilensi ezonakeleyo iikhamera bhanyabhanya kwaye ngoku ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo cameras digital mihla enesiqulatho electronic phambili ngohlobo matrix abenzi boluvo elektroniki, actuators ukuba ukuxhomekeka kunye nezinye izinto eziluyilo. abafoti abaninzi professional nokuba ukhetha ukusebenzisa iilensi abadala, ucinga ukuba ezikumgangatho ophezulu, enika likhubalo ngokukhethekileyo iifoto zakho.

ukwakhiwa Lens ekuqaleni ezilula krwaqu yaye engazicingeli kakhulu. Liquka ngokukhanya eluhlobo lens (lens okanye nangaphezulu idityaniswe kwinkqubo esisodwa) nongqameko leyo isebenza umzimba lensi kunye uvalo.

izixhobo Lens ixhomekeke injongo yayo. Ezi lens ezilula ezisiseko, yonke into elula. lens aliqela enobubanzi ehambisana uhlobo lwecamera (ubukhulu sangqa lens, esikhudlwana amandla kunye nomlinganiselo beso), uvalo kunye naloo macici yezindlu kunye ugxininise nolawulo iris kunye nendlela ngesibopheleli ehambelana emzimbeni lwecamera.

Xa lens ukusondeza kule iseti lweziqalelo wongezelela Inkqubo nokusondeza.

Kakade ke, umgangatho lens ixhomekeke ikakhulu koko ngokukhanya elifakiweyo kuso. Ukususela izinto lensi kuxhomekeke kubukho okanye ukungabikho uhlaba ubukhulu babo - ngesidanga omuhle, okt mnyama kungqameko yesakhelo, aberrations kunye nezinye ezingaqhelekanga.

Akukho inxalenye ebalulekileyo ngaphantsi lens beso wayo.

Yintoni uvalo? Le Ingxenye lens enakekela ubungakanani bokukhanya ukungena isekelwe kwi isizalo okanye ifilimu.

Kovalo iquka ekuthiwa lobe kwaye ichaza parameters ezifana ububanzi befildi kunye nefomu bokeh. Ukuba umbuzo ngulo, yintoni na uvalo, kubonakala ilula, akukho wonke umntu uyazi oko bokeh nobunzulu yentsimi kubonakala uphawu iifoto ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Ngoko ke, bokeh. Kovalo iquka isithinzi ukuba idibane, ukunciphisa ukuvulwa diverge, ukwandisa oko. Bokeh emiselwe inani le lobe efanayo: I ngakumbi, lo bokeh lilungileyo, oko kukuthi ifomu echanekileyo ngakumbi kufiphale ephazamisekile.

Eqonda ukuba kovalo enjalo, ungaya kubunzulu yentsimi. Ngoko inkulu, i ncinane emngxunyeni lokuvula. Kuba ukudubula intle ovame imingxunyana umngxuma omncinane ukuze abe iinkcukacha ngakumbi, kodwa ngenxa imifanekiso ngcono kufanelekile umngxuma beso enkulu, nto leyo evumela ukuba anikele ingqalelo ugqaliso kwisifundo kwaye uphephe iinkcukacha ngokungeyomfuneko imvelaphi.

Ngoko ke, siye sizimisele ukuba le umngxuma, bokeh kunye ubunzulu entsimini, kodwa sifumaniseke ngokwemiqathango ngokubanzi, indlela ikhamera yaye yintoni design lens. Olu lwazi nje lokuHlola ngokwendalo, kodwa ibalulekile kakhulu abafoti abo basandula kuqalisa, njengoko isiseko apho ngemihla bethu abaninzi ukuqonda iimpawu zobugcisa ikhamera, yaye nokuphuhlisa yi ephala malunga universalization kwaye lula inkqubo ukudubula. Kuhleli kuphela ukukhetha uhlobo lwecamera ezifanelekileyo elilelona kwaye uqale ukudala obukhulu zakho kwangala lokushicilela. Yinto elula kwaye cool kangaka!