Yintoni ngezimbiwa? Iimbono neengcinga

Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, iimbono koko minerals zaye ezihlala ziguquka. Kwaye ngoku, nokuba siyathanda okanye hayi, ngeenxa zonke, siye kwi malunga kwezimbiwa. Ukuba uyakholwa ukuba oku "Uthando" ukuze zonke zentengiso, ukuba kuyo yonke indawo, ukusukela yamazinyo kunye nesiphelo ukutya neekati inzalo.

Ngoko ke yintoni kwezimbiwa? Ke kaloku ngale ngcamango akukho imvumelwano kunye impikiswano iyaqhubeka. Ukuba lula inkcazelo ekhoyo, impendulo yombuzo "Yintoni ngezimbiwa" ingashwankathelwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo: Minerals izinto eziqinileyo zokuba imvelaphi yendalo kunye nezingaphiliyo isakhiwo ngumkhenkce, ukwakhiwa kwayo angamelwa kwifomula imichiza. Oko kukuthi, ngokwale nkcazelo, izimbiwa - ezi zizinto senziwa ngexesha iinkqubo zejoloji nokuba ikhemikali ukubunjwa ichaziwe. Baziva emzimbeni, oko kukuthi, wavakalelwa, kulinganiswa, ubunzima, okanye ukubona, nkqu nokuba ngoncedo izixhobo zokukhanyisa. Xa lento uyijonga, umyalezo malunga izimbiwa, umzekelo, ukutya kwekati, njengoko yiva izibhengezo-ntengiso, kubonakala ubuncinane kwi zithutha njengesiqhelo, kodwa ubukhulu becala - engaphandle ububhanxa. Ngexesha kuyinyaniso kukho izimbiwa zendalo, apho sidibana yonke imihla ekhaya, ngaphezu koko, ngaphandle apho kunzima ukucinga ubomi ngokupheleleyo. One of them - ityuwa iliwa (halite).

Enye yezinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwezimbiwa kule nkcazo "imvelaphi yendalo ezingaphiliyo." Lwabo Of umdla oluthile "wemvelo 'imvelaphi. Kukho inani elikhulu iikhemikali ezahlukeneyo ezingaphiliyo makwazeke ekhemisi, kodwa inxalenye encinane kuphela ezi zihlanganisi zifumaneka kwindalo, njengoko zimelwe yi-izimbiwa definition ahambelanayo. Isizathu sesokuba bemithi elebhu banethuba ukudala imeko-bume ezahlukeneyo ngaphezu ikhona kwi indalo yokwenene, aqokelele kwi "inkampani" na iikhemikhali ukuba kwenzeka ngokwendalo kunye phantse.

Ukuqhubeka ukufumana phandle, ke, ukuba izimbiwa ezinjalo, yaye yintoni na akunjalo, qaphela ukuba, ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, iidayimani zokwenziwa , neerubhi, wadala kwiilebhu, ebizwa izimbiwa akunjalo. Yinto kunokubalelwa izimbiwa kuquka zendalo kunye (nangona imvelaphi yazo zendalo), aziwayo ukususela lidala futhi evuthiweyo jet ububele viscous amalahle. Isizathu - Ukungabikho kobume njengekristale.

imibuzo emininzi ekhemisi ukuba bathi izimbiwa enikeziwe mercury - intsimbi kuphela eyenzeka ngokwendalo ngendlela engamanzi. Ngaphambili, xa indima engundoqo edlalwa ukwakhiwa kwawo, mercury njengento ngezimbiwa (Noko ke, amanzi nayo) kwi ukuhlelwa kwezimbiwa. Ke kaloku, xa inkcazelo kwezimbiwa idityaniswe kunye nobukho lwesakhiwo ngumkhenkce, uninzi ekhemisi kwezinto ulwelo zendalo kwiklasi kwezimbiwa kungalindelekanga.

Kolu thotho sasidla ukuva kumkhankanya, neyeeperile izacholo uxabisekileyo. Noko ke, loo nto ngokuba izimbiwa ngenxa yokuba ubume bayo inhomogeneous. Kumafa yayo ekhoyo calcite bezimbiwa (calcium carbonate, izinto crystalline) kunye nezinto eziphilayo, ngamnye amacandelo abasemthethweni lwale sisincoko imichiza.

Okwangoku, igama elithi "izimbiwa" kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa igama kothotho ngezimbiwa, yaye igama crystal elinye. Umzekelo, idayimani na ipropati yedwa lukhuni yayo, bendiqonda ipropati jikelele ziikristale lweentlobo kwezimbiwa. Kodwa xa sithetha enye diamond inkulu ehlabathini "Cullinan", intsingiselo asithathwa bezimbiwa.