Kuthekani ukuba le ndlela isebenza kwi "kumanqanaba" ahlukeneyo? Xa "lithetha" ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo? Bekuya kuba nzima ukuphumeza ngobuwena noshowo obusebenzayo, ukuba izongezelelo luncedo.
Yintoni esisebenza
Ngoko kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki esetyenziswa ukudibanisa ezintlanganweni zeendlela computer ezahlukeneyo izixhobo peripheral, ezahluke ujongano zabo, mgaqo ukusebenza kunye nokubulawa yoyilo. elithi "iadaptha" ilungele ukuba ixabiso lwesemantiki ukuya esisebenza. Ethetha ngazo, kunokuthiwa ukuba injongo yabo iyafana. Kodwa isilawuli sisasetyenziswayo nezaziwa njengezixhobo ezimbaxa ngakumbi. Libhekisela kwezinto ukwenza iintshukumo abazimeleyo emva kokuba iqela sele evela nkqubo, nto leyo inxaxheba kwinkonzo yabo. Ngoko ke iprosesa bayo babe yinxalenye umlawuli ezintsonkothileyo. Kodwa xa usibona ngokwengqiqo umsebenzisi zesiqhelo, la magama kuba yinto enzima kwaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo eyodwa. Nantso into esisebenza.
ezongezelelweyo
Kutheni kufuneka ukuba ukusebenzisa umlawuli ngaphandle kwabo sele ikhankanywe ulamlo? Ubukho kwezixhobo ezinjalo ikuvumela ukunciphisa umthwalo lowo uwe phezu CPU. kakhulu oku kwandisa inkqubo yokusebenza. Indlela usizo enjalo kukuba nabaqondisi zikhululekile CPUs computer ukusuka igalelo icotha kakhulu umsebenzi okanye kwimveliso. CPU Ingcamango ngokusebenzisa iziphaluka ezizodwa ezikrelekrele akhutshelwe uphunyeziwe isizukulwana wesithathu iikhompyutha ukusetyenziswa ezidityanelweyo ІVM-360. ESoviet Union yaba analogu ethile UC. Inkangeleko besizukulwana sesine kwavela ubuchule zobugcisa ukuqokelela inkqubo yolawulo kwimeko chip enye. Ngoko ke, lo microcontroller kuqala.
Ukuba sihlanganisa
Ngoku le yunithi zobugcisa nzima kakhulu ukuba sele iguqulwe kakhulu ukususela kuphuhliso lwayo. In avareji isilawuli yanamhlanje manani abe isilawuli yayo, kubhaliswe isixhobo sangaphandle, ekuthe iyunithi intsebenziswano CPU, RAM, ROM, ukutshatisa (buffer) kwiisekethe. Nantso into esisebenza. Ukuze sicinge ukuba le ngokwayo sisixhobo enzima, cinga lula ikhompyutha ezizodwa elektroniki, ojongene kuphela izenzo ezithile kwiinkalo - umzekelo, lisebenzisana kunye lwebhodi yezitshixo edityaniswe kwi computer. Xa kwenziwe nqakraza kwi iqhosha, ulwazi luyasuka ukuba iyunithi yokusebenza engundoqo, apho waphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kubo.
Ukusebenza computer
Indlela esisebenza isebenza kunye nePC? Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ube kwinkumbulo yayo inkqubo ehambisana kunye data. Baya kuphuma apha evela ezahlukeneyo izixhobo ezifana keyboard, disks, impuku. Igama elithi "lwangaphandle" jikelele kusetyenziswa kubhekiselwa kubo. Nangona kubulungisa kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba abathile kubo (ezifana idiski kuqhubo) yomsebenzi ibekwe ngaphakathi kwinkqubo yekhompyutha i-unit. Isiphumo kuqhutywe yekhompuyutha kwakhona imveliso izixhobo zangaphandle ezifana abashicileli, disks, flash drives, kunye nokuhlola. Ukushwankathela, singatsho ukuba ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo computer kufuneka unxibelelwano langoku. Wabiza i I / O. Ukuba bacebisane data ukufeza umsebenzi wayo, kufuneka asebenze amakhonkco amabini:
- isixhobo ngasinye sangaphandle edityaniswe kwi computer siqu, iye isekethe elektroniki esetyenziswa ukulawula. A isilawuli ilawula umqhubi.
- Ngamnye kubo enxibelelana kwindlela inkumbulo ngokusebenzisa umgca ukudluliselwa data - bus. Onke amacandelo ikhompyutha siqu, ekufuneka isebenze, ukuxhuma kuyo usebenzisa izihlanganisi inkqubo ukwanda, ebizwa Azisekho.
Ntoni na ukuba zingasetyenziswa? Apha Communications Simple umlawuli lusetyenziswa esweni iqondo lobushushu ezibandaknywayo yenkqubo unit le. Ngenxa nobushushu kungakhokelela ekubeni into Inyibilikile kwaye lutshitshe. Ngoko ke, esi sixhobo, kuye kwabonelelwa ngayo kwimpendulo unakho ukwenza / ukwandisa okupholisa umsebenzi icandelo inkqubo okanye ukunciphisa amandla. Ukuba nasiphi na isixhobo ukusebenza kakuhle, umqhubi isilawuli olufunekayo. For Windows 7 okanye ezinye yokusebenza iye iifayile zalo inkqubo abaququzelela ukusebenza ifowuni kunye nePC.
iziphakamiso Diagrammatic kunye nokuxhomekeka kwabo ezikhethiweyo
Ngoku kancinci izikimu. Isibakala sokuba ayisekho into universal and ezaziwayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho nabaqondisi ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ke kufuneka ukuba enze ezahlukeneyo functionality. Kungenxa yale kwaye kufuneka ukuthetha yokusebenza zabo. Khawucinge nje, njani iliso umlawuli ukufumana ukusebenza umshicileli, ukuba akanayo icandelo iintsimbi ezifunekayo. Ngenxa yoko, kweli nqaku solo ibekwe iisampulu ezimbalwa, kodwa aboniswa apha iinjongo ezinkulu yokwazisa nje kuphela, ukuze sinengcamango yokuba indlela zenzelwe ezi zixhobo. Kodwa wesekethe esisebenza ngayo kwimeko ethile nganye kufuneka zikhethwe ngokwahlukeneyo.
isiphelo
Ngoko ke, siye saxubusha ngento yokuba umlawuli onjalo. Njengoko ubona, badlala indima ngokwanelisayo ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zobugcisa, ezifana iikhompyutha. Kakade ke, ungenza ntoni ngaphandle kwabo, kodwa ke kufuneka uthethe malunga neengxaki ezibalulekileyo amandla emveliso esiwa. Nangona, ukuba ukhangela isilawuli nganye nganye, unako kuqala wabuza malunga nendlela izixhobo ezinjalo ukunceda ababuthathaka. Eneneni, abaninzi kubo aneempawu ezimbalwa enokuba megabytes okanye kilobytes unit. Oko kukuthi, ukuba unako ukwenza amashumi ambalwa amawaka lwemisebenzi ngomzuzwana! Kodwa, kholwa ndim, ukuba le misebenzi idluliselwa kuloo CPU, oko kwakuya ichithe ngaphezulu kakhulu ngenxa ukuntsonkotha mbutho.