Yintoni kumvuzo oosomajukujuku Emhlabeni kunye orbit?

Yiba iphupho ngusomajukujuku lamakhwenkwe ezininzi kunye namantombazana. Kodwa le romance cosmic kubo ngokulambisa ukuzuzeka. Endleleni, kukho iseti engqongqo abaviwa kusiwa orbit, kungekuphela eRashiya kodwa ehlabathini lonke.

Umsebenzi okuwo nzima kakhulu, kufuneka ukuba ukomelela kakhulu ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokunyamezela. Enye amakhono kunabo ibandakanya iimeko ezahlukeneyo. Le ukwenzakala, yaye kwiimeko apho kukho isoyikiso ngqo impilo kunye nobomi, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ugxile kakhulu kwaye uphulaphule.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga ukusebenza emajukujukwini

Xa iimeko ikhaphukhaphu wengcinezelo zokuquba rhoqo of sithwalisa kunye nezinye asinguye wonke banokuziva okulungileyo kwaye ngaxeshanye ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Ukuba nokwenzeka moya kwisithuba ukhangela elinga gqitha, kodwa amawaka zabaviwa bayaqeqeshwa emhlabeni, iimpukane enye kuphela orbit. umsebenzi Usomajukujuku igqalwa enye umdla kakhulu kwaye iyingozi, abaninzi kangaka esiyicelayo, "Yintoni na kumvuzo oosomajukujuku?", Ngenxa yokuba ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ephucukileyo.

abafana abaninzi yaye emva yokukhula angazishiyi iphupha malunga nendlela ukuya kwizikhewu esineenkwenkwezi, nangona ingozi nokuntsonkotha lo msebenzi. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, ukuba sicinga yintoni ulindele ukuba ahlawule.

I-arhente isithuba zehlabathi

Indlela oosomajukujuku ezininzi kusifumana uxhomekeke kwi-arhente apho zisebenza, amava kunye nesikhundla ngokomsebenzi. I-arhente edume kakhulu ehlabathini:

1. Agency Space Russian - "Roskosmos".
2. US - NASA.
3. Europe - ESA.
4. Canada - CSA.
5. Japan - JAXA.
6. China - CNSA.

Ayizizo zonke mbutho uya kuba ukulungele ukuthetha indlela byi abasebenzi balo, ezifana Japanese and Chinese. Olu lwazi efihliweyo bangaphandle. Noko ke, kuya kuba nzima ukuba umntu unawo nawaphi na amathandabuzo kwi abasebenzi anengeniso-kula mazwe ephuhliswe kakuhle ubutyebi. Bangaphi kuhlawulelwa oosomajukujuku ezibhabha esibhakabhakeni, ungabona ngumzekelo kwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo.

Imivuzo cosmonauts amazwe

Yintoni kumvuzo oosomajukujuku kumazwe ahlukeneyo? Oosomajukujuku abasebenza arhente US NASA, ahlawulwa ngokwezi isiqinisekiso ukusuka GS-11 (baseline) ukuya GS-14 (elona nqanaba liphezulu). Oosomajukujuku ne kudidi lokuqala kufumana rhoqo ngonyaka ezona $ 66.000, angawona aphezulu - up ku $ 155.000 ngonyaka. Ngaphezu koko, umgangatho bengeniso oosomajukujuku usebenza Umhlaba, yahluke kakhulu ukusuka umvuzo abalufumana, ukuba ukujikeleza. Kuyinto 170 000 $.

I-European Space Agency ESA yenza iintlawulo kubasebenzi balo ngokwemigangatho. Kunyaka ka oosomajukujuku eyabelwe kudidi A2 yaye bahlawulwa isixa kunyaka € 59.000. Emva qualification vaakelani va bavuselwa A4, kunye umvuzo wonyaka € 79.000. Oku ukususela 6500 ukuya ku-10 000 $ ngenyanga.

Xa imo ye-arhente CSA waseKhanada isebenza usomajukujuku ezimbini kuphela, yaye andizange indiza. Revenue kule nkampani ityala kumanqanaba amathathu. Abantu baseCanada bafumana ubuncinane $ 80.000 ngonyaka ngamnye, ubuninzi - $ 160 000.

cosmonaut Salary Russian

A pay amahle umsebenzi oyingozi cosmonauts zabo Russian sinokulindela, ukuba ukujikeleza. Ubude flight-avareji iinyanga ezintandathu, apho ingeniso xesha ibonakaliswa isixa $ ukusuka 130 000 ukuya 150 000. Bala ukuba imivuzo oosomajukujuku ulufumane nyaka, akukho nzima. umvuzo wonyaka kule meko Kuqikelelwa ukuba $ 300 000, kodwa loo "isithuba" ixesha bakude eqhelekileyo.

Xa sithelekisa kumvuzo zatshintshwayo ngenyanga lwabaphathi ophakathi eMoscow ngubani ekhaya kunye nentsapho yakhe kwaye njalo sisebenzela phantsi kweemeko sisiba ngumntu (100 000), kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuzoba ezinye izigqibo. Kwaye, xa uthelekisa indlela na oosomajukujuku kunye nabadlali ezithandwayo, iimbaleki, abanemivuzo bangabi libalwa kumawaka eminyaka kunye ezigidi zeedollar, kubalulekile wamana ezetyisa. Kwemivuzo iinjineli, abasebenzi ehlabathini, amaxesha amaninzi ngaphantsi oosomajukujuku abangena komzila, kwaye ngexesha leeyure zabo zokugqibela 8.

Kanye njengaye nawuphi na umsebenzi, kukho izongezelelo, umvuzo-13, zebhonasi, ixesha elongezelelweyo. Elibanzi bagwebe umgangatho wobomi kuphela kwisalathiso, yintoni umvuzo oosomajukujuku ingamampunge ngenyanga. Lo mahluko apha waziva hayi kuphela isakhiwo yemivuzo, intlawulo eyongezelelweyo kunye irhafu.

US ummi ukuhlawula izibalo ebalulekileyo inshorensi. Housing e Cologne iya kuba kakhulu kubiza ngaphezu, umzekelo, eTexas. Into kwamaxabiso Russian izihlandlo eziliqela ngaphezulu kwi-US, into - ababhalisiweyo angaphantsi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kuba abantu abaninzi usomajukujuku imivuzo eRashiya ithathwa ukuba kakhulu ephucukileyo. umsebenzi kasomajukujuku kakhulu ezithile kunye nezintsonkothileyo, kodwa inikeza iphupha, naphambi umzamo yakhe ukuguqulela, kufuneka ucinge kabini.