Yintoni isifundo? Lecture: definition kunye neentlobo

Lecture (elithetha - "funda" in Latin) njengendlela yokosulela ukusuka mentor abafundi kwavela ngaloo mihla, xa waqala kuphela kuvela bulumko. Embindini kule nkulungwane yokuqala, kwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo (China, India, Hellas, amazwe aseYurophu) ukuze eyayinesihloko ngexesha elifanayo ukufunda eninzi yabantu ngutitshala omnye.

Ekubeni iincwadi ngaloo mihla izinto imali eninzi kakhulu yaye kunqabile, umsebenzi le ntsapho baba ukufunda okanye ngokucaphula imisebenzi izazinzulu ngentloko.

Namhlanje, phantse wonke umntu uyazi ukuba intetho enjalo, kuba intsingiselo kunye nomxholo le ndlela awuyitshintshanga. Ootitshala bezikolo eziziisekondari ophezulu lonke besonwabela zalo eziluncedo, rhoqo ekuphuculeni ukudibanisa iindlela zabo.

Yintoni na le ntetho: intsingiselo yesicelo

Siphengulule intsingiselo kwekota, kunokuthiwa ukuba intetho kufuneka ubize le indlela yokudlulisela ulwazi, leyo isakhiwo slim ubhalo, wakha ngokwembono zenkqubo kwaye kakhulu kwaye ityhila ngokucacileyo esi sifundo.

Eyona wengxenye ezininzi iinkqubo zoqeqesho - isifundo. Injongo yalo:

• Ukunikwa kwengcaciso ngowona ubalulekileyo kwisihloko esinikiweyo.
• Nceda ekuphuhlisweni zeengxaki angundoqo khosi.
• Lula inkqubo ekufundeni iindlela ulwazi lwenzululwazi.
• Le popularization ye kwimpumelelo zakutshanje yengcinga yenzululwazi mihla.

izifundo imisebenzi

Emva kokufunda data echazwe ngentla, kunokwenzeka ukuba udwelise iimpawu eziphambili intetho: methodological, zombutho, ulwazi. Ngamanye amaxesha le ndlela yokufunda iba kuphela, umzekelo, ukuba akukho iincwadi zezifundo kunye neencwadana. Oku kaninzi kwenzeka ezikolweni kwimida kuphuhliso lweenkqubo ezintsha zemfundo.

Kulo mzekelo, intetho - le yindlela lokuvula izixhobo ingqiqo lelizwe ethile nenzululwazi okanye ulwazi, kwakunye nengxaki zayo. Kuyinto uyakwazi ukunika umfanekiso opheleleyo yintoni kakuhle isifundo, kwaye ubonise oko amaqhina oqhagamshelwano ngayo kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi. Izifundo zinika isikhokelo esisisiseko ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iindlela zokufundisa ezifana kucweyo, ilebhu kunye neeklasi esebenzayo, coursework kunye iprojekthi ithisisi, uthethwano, uvavanyo, uvavanyo.

ubuhle be indlela

Ngaphandle lihlolisisa kwaye injongo akunakwenzeka ukuba wenze oyi yintoni le ntetho. Njengalo naluphi na ukwamkelwa nkululeko, iye nobubi. Cinga inzuzo:

1. Luxanduva lwe-ntsapho kukuba ukucwangcisa nokulawula nengqungquthela eklasini. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yokufunda inkqubo ecacileyo, kwaye ezinxaxhileyo incinane kwisicwangciso zicwangciselwe ingagcinwa kwakhona ngokukhawuleza alunakupheliswa.
2. Lecture - yindlela enkulu ngexesha ukudlulisa ulwazi ekubeni kubekho inani elikhulu labantu. Ngoko ke, kukho bengxelo abaphulaphuli enkulu kangangoko.
3. Ukusebenzisa inkqubo onjalo unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka iindleko zamaziko emfundo umfundi ngamnye. Oku kubangelwa okukhawulezisa kwaye lula inkqubo yokufundisa.

Iingxaki le ntetho ntetho kwenkqubo zolwazi

Ukukhetha iintetho njengendlela yokudlulisela ulwazi olusisiseko kubafundi, ulawulo yeziko kufuneka bazi ukuba iimpawu ezithile ezingqalileyo.

Ukuba inkqubo yokufunda ibe kwizinga eliphezulu ngenene, umhlohli kufuneka ilifa kuphela iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko kunye namava, kodwa kwakhona ukukwazi ukufundisa. Abaninzi ukhumbule popular phakathi amabali kubafundi malunga ntetho nokuchitha ixesha elide. Noxa kunjalo, ukuba idatha emlonyeni ilizwi monotone ngaphandle imvakalozwi, ngenkankulu ukutya? Le ngxaki ngempumelelo elisombulula uqeqesho lootitshala lwezakhono oratorical.

Enye inkalo lilele kanye baqonde oko intetho: enyanisweni na umntu omnye. unxibelelwano obukhulu phakathi abahlohli kunye Umfundi ukuphendula imibuzo ebuzwa ngabafundi. Noko ke, njengoko umthetho, eli phulo iphuma abaphulaphuli kunqabile. Ngenxa yoko, umntu uyakwazi ukubona ukubandakanyeka esezantsi yabafundi, ukunqongophala umsebenzi kunye namanqanaba aphezulu nokwenziwa inkcazelo.

Iintlobo izifundo: Uphawu isifundo ezitshayelela

Kuxhomekeka iinjongo, injongo kunye nesimbo kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezingundoqo mayeza:

• Intshayelelo.
• Ulwazi.
• Indawo.
• Ingxaki.
• ZokuPrinta nokwenza.
• Binary.
• Conference.
• Uthethwano.

Iintetho isingeniso zinikwa, ukunika uluvo lokuqala yintoni eyenza isifundo esikolweni. Ngenxa yoko, abafundi abakwazi ukufumana indlela yabo kwinkqubo ngomsebenzi elizayo. Umsebenzi we-ntsapho wenza ukuqhelanisa abafundi injongo ephambili kunye neenjongo kwekhosi. Yena isixelela ngendima yakhe nendawo kwinkqubo ingqeqesho.

Abafundi bafumana isishwankathelo ikhosi elizayo, funda malunga yayiba nasekuphuhliseni inzululwazi kunye neenkqubo, kwakunye naleyo neengcaphephe wenza impumelelo ebalulekileyo, yaye xa kwenziwe oko. Ukongeza, intetho intshayelelo ibandakanya ntetho kweendawo nathembisayo zophando.

Kwakhona yomfundisi wacacisela abafundi ukuba kuthetha ntoni ukuba abathethise kunye nezinye iintlobo lombutho inkqubo yemfundo. Uveza ukuba uncwadi kufuneka zisetyenziswe, nini kwaye yintoni ifomu ukuthatha iingxelo.

Indawo, ulwazi kunye nezinye izifundo

call Lecture-lwazi iziganeko ezinjalo, injongo kukwazisa abafundi malunga nasiphi na isifundo. Umhlohli lichaza ngokubanzi okanye iinkcukacha ezizakwenza zicace ngakumbi ucacisela abafundi ulwazi lwezenzululwazi ukuba kufuneka luqondwe kwaye ngentloko kubo. Amaninzi ngexesha le misebenzi, umfundi ngamnye uqhuba amanqaku ntetho, leyo ngokufutshane idlulisela zinto ezibalulekileyo yokusebenza. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izifundo zolwazi zenziwe uhlobo yemveli.

Review isifundo ijolise nokumisa ulwazi lwenzululwazi kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Kulo mzekelo, kuba luphawu yenani elikhulu emibutho, ebandakanyekileyo ekwenzeni ingqiqo ulwazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo ndiyiqwalasela izifundo musa ukunika ezithile ngakumbi yaye oluneenkcukacha, zenzelwe ukuba yenyuse intrasubject kunye uxhulumaniso ahlukeneyo.

Iziganeko apho umfundisi-ntsapho isebenzisa iindlela ezibonakalayo ukuguqulela izinto ekubhekiswa iintetho umfanekiso okanye ividiyo iintetho. Umsebenzi katitshala uba umhlalutyi ngexesha kwabonisa umboniso, iifoto okanye izilayidi. Le ndlela mbandela zokufundisa ezisetyenziswa kulo mkhuba amaziko amaninzi emfundo ukuba zinika imfundo koluntu okanye yobugcisa.

Binary - zohlobo umdla ezirekhodiweyo apho abafundi ezinikelweyo endaweni omnye dialogue phakathi kootitshala ababini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngamnye kubo umele isikolo yenzululwazi eyahlukileyo okanye iyazikhusela imbono ethile ngalo mbandela phantsi ingqalelo.

Lecture INgqungquthela: ukuba indlela eyahluke kwezinye iindidi

Xa isiganeko kuthatha uhlobo kweeklasi yenzululwazi kunye esebenzayo, oko kukuthi, kukho ingxaki pre-zabelo kunye nenkqubo ingxelo, oko kuthiwa kwinkomfa kwintetho. Iingxelo ukuba ziquka intetho enjalo, kufuneka isakhiwo engqongqo ubhalo (entry, inxalenye eyintloko, ifayileyemveliso). Bona baqeqeshwe kwangaphambili ngenxa yokuba imisebenzi abayinikwe ngutitshala. Isiphumo zonke iintetho iba Ukuhlanganisa ngokucokisekileyo le ngxaki. Indima ye-ntsapho liye lancitshiswa ekuqulunqweni kwizigqibo eshwankathela ngokuzimeleyo walungisa izicatshulwa. Ukongeza, uphelelise ze licacise ulwazi langoku.

Okukodwa mayeza, uthethwano

Kukho imiboniso emininzi olu hlobo lweentetho:

1. Kwimeko yokuqala lwesakhiwo sesiganeko abonela inkqubo "imibuzo - Impendulo". Mfundisi lonke ixesha elabelwe eklasini, uphendula imibuzo yabafundi '(ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo elithile okanye ikhondo yonke).
   
2. Le ndlela yesibini ngokwalo mzobo njenge "umbuzo - impendulo / ingxoxo". Le yindibaniselwano bokuhlala izinto ezintathu: isithethi eziveza izinto ezintsha, aphakamisa imiba kunye namalungiselelo ingxoxo iimpendulo. Kodwa musa edidekile olu hlobo lokufaka ngolwazi nabanye, njengoko kukho umahluko omkhulu ukusuka izifundo neesemina zoqeqesho.

Ubume kunye namacandelo mayeza yamandulo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusebenza-ntsapho siquka iindawo ezininzi: intshayelelo, umxholo ongundoqo kunye nesiphelo.

Ukuqaliswa yenzelwe ukumisela unxibelelwano yesihloko ukuba sele efunde. Apha bayiphosa ilothe iinjongo kunye neenjongo yokusebenza, kwaye sisicwangciso. Ngamanye amaxesha eli candelo ukubonisa uluhlu imithombo yolwazi abayisebenzisileyo ekulungiseleleni, kodwa kaninzi okuseleyo ukuba ziqukunjewe. Intshayelelo akuthathi ngaphezu kwemizuzu 5-8.

Inxalenye yesibini (umxholo ongundoqo) yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwaye lebyi linyathelo intetho. Apha, utitshala ibonisa izimvo ezingundoqo kunye nethiyori ye mba, ibonisa izimvo ezahlukeneyo apho, inika ngokubalulekileyo.

Inxalenye yokugqibela intetho nganye inikwa nentetho equkayo, kunye nezigqibo kwi ulwazi olunikiweyo. Emva koko uwusondeze izinto intetho elandelayo, kunye nokunika isikhokelo ukulungiselela umsebenzi ngokuzimeleyo abafundi.