Yintoni idemokhrasi? It kugxile kwenkcazo lonke ezopolitiko mihla kunye nobudlelwane ngamazwe. amaqela ezininzi aphikisayo ngesiqhelo nimmangalele omnye yokuswela lwentando yesininzi. World ithi nge eminye imigaqo zolawulo esingelwe phantsi. Le apogee zonke boyise ledemokhrasi kwinkulungwane XX ngasekupheleni yaba ingcamango kakuhle eyaziwa American sobulumko yezopolitiko Francis fukuyama malunga ekupheleni kwexesha. Ngokutsho yawona futhe likhulu ixesha lethu, emva ukuwa kwamazwe obuphambili kweminquba yali nokuchithakala ukusuka ayencokola indawo Maoist eTshayina kwacaca ukuba amaxabiso silinene (oko kukuthi, ukuba adla ngokunxulunyaniswa idemokhrasi) yeyona ndawo iphezulu uphuhliso lasisiseko senkcubeko yoluntu. Idemokhrasi eRashiya yanamhlanje, owathatha inkqubo endala umyalelo-zolawulo, kukuthi, ngokwembono yakhe, ubungqina ngeyona nto. enye esisebenzisekayo yena babengenakunikela zeenkqubo nokuba monarchical okanye zwilakhe, ukuzama kancinci kakhulu ukuba iinkokeli zonqulo empumalanga ekusekweni kolawulo Islamic.
Yintoni idemokhrasi. ziimbaxa
Ukuzalwa oku kuthiwa kubangelwa nenkqubo yezopolitiko lesiGrike isixeko-nkqubo, oorhulumente anyulwa efihlakeleyo yebhalothi phakathi abemi besi sixeko. Authorities (umzekelo, eAreyopago, boule, iingcebiso archons, njalo njalo) asoloko anyulwe kangangexesha eliqingqiweyo amalungu eyaziwayo bayakwazi eluntwini. Kwaba kwiinkqubo yamandulo Greece kunye umdla eyenzelwe ukunqanda usurpation bamandla. Xa umntu evela abemi abazizityebi okanye amagosa nje akwizikhundla eziphezulu isiba enamandla kakhulu kwaye zisongele-siseko yedemokhrasi karhulumente, lwenziwe kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba amakheswa - "cherepkovaniya" xa efihlakeleyo yebhalothi, esebenzisa yohambo into engaba okhohlakeleyo uya kuphoselwa ngaphandle komzi iminyaka elishumi. Ngenxa ekuweni kwalo impucuko yamandulo yamaGrike, impumelelo yayo abaninzi wathatha Latins, ukudala imo enamandla wamaRoma. Basungula ingqikelelo lwentando yesininzi. Kwaba kukhona ke wazalwa kufutshane mihla imbono ngummi, kwakunye nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba kwiriphabliki, ukwahlulwa kwamagunya. Kakade ke, unyulo.
Yintoni idemokhrasi. ngexesha elitsha
Ukuwa waseRoma kunye nemvume kwezizwe ngumbharbhari lonke elaseYurophu impumelelo ezininzi, kuquka nezo zezopolitiko, kuye ezilahlekileyo amawaka eminyaka. Ukunqulwa imikhosi zindala zomkhosi nabathetheli babo bakhona batshintsha amalungelo lale amakhosi yasebukhosini kunye neentsapho ezindilekileyo, ababezalwa loo elite efanayo emkhosini. Le ubuntu elisanda Wakhumbula ukuba idemokhrasi, kodwa kunye Renaissance kunye iinkcuba amaxesha mihla: Hobbes, Locke, uMontesquieu, Rousseau, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Enye mathuba eziphambili kuphuhliso yehlabathi mihla Enkulu French Revolution ka1789 xa Untouchable ngaphambili uphose yokuqala naliphi na ilizwe kakumkani kunye nabantu Yena yazibeka lihlala amandla ephakamileyo. Kakade ke, akukho namnye lukusindisile lekhasi ngoko nangoko emva koko. kunjalo Inkqubela kwafuneka nzima ukusabela ehlabathini jikelele, kodwa kwinkulungwane elandelayo, elinethoba omabini, yaba lixesha ngoluvo rhoqo kwezibonelelo amalungelo oluntu nenkululeko.
Lwentando yesininzi: ubuhle nobubi
Umgaqo ulawulo lomthetho kunye inviolability lomntu ekugqibeleni naqiniswa ingcinga owayephila zopolitiko nezentlalo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle impumelelo emikhulu, idemokhrasi usenalo abahlalutyi abaninzi, ngokufanelekileyo igqamisa inani amaphutha ayo. Ingqalelo igalelo elibi iphambili yale sixhobo olubangelwa sele-nokuzixabisa. Ilungelo jikelele lokukhetha urhulumente, kakade, ke isiqinisekiso theory abantu bakwazi ukukhetha indlela yabo yophuhliso. Noko ke, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba akukho kwimfundo yayo kunye nokwazisa lweentshukumo nje lwepolitiki lonke kubemi lizwe kunjalo, imeko yezoqoqosho kweli lizwe, ubudlelwane bezizwe ngezizwe kunye njalo njalo. Kule meko, oko kungathetha ekukhetheni okubi ukusuka kwinani elikhulu ngabemi.