Yintoni eyahlukileyo ukusuka binocular umbono monocular?

Amehlo - yenye izivamvo ezisisiseko. Enkosi kubo, zonke izidalwa eziphilayo uyakwazi ukuqonda ihlabathi. Kukholelwa ukuba umbono usinika malunga ne-90% ye ulwazi ozayo. Njengokuba kubhaliwe yaziwa ukubonayo ngesiqhelo izinto, imfuneko ukudibanisa umsebenzi emehlweni omabini. Ngenxa mbono binocular, sinazo ukukwazi ukuqonda kuphela ubungakanani kunye nokumila zomfanekiso, kodwa indawo yayo esithubeni. Ngokungafaniyo nabantu, ezinye izidalwa (kwanezeentaka, nezezinambuzane, amahashe) ukubona izinto ngeliso ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba luphawulwa ngumbono monocular. Kwezinye iimeko, oku kwakhona saphawula ebantwini. Ekubeni eli khono ayikho edibene nomntu, olu hlobo umbono ingqalelo zophendlo lwezifo kwaye zifuna unyango.

Kuthetha ukuthini umbono monocular?

Science ojongene iingxaki umbono, ngokuba zamehlo. Iquka kuphela ngamehlo, kodwa ihlola uphuhliso iintlobo ezahlukeneyo umbono ebantwini kunye nezinye izidalwa eziphilayo. Umzekelo, uyakwazi ukufunda ngale ntaka ethile umbono monocular. Olu hlobo mbono ivumela ezinye izilwanyana ukwahlula izinto iliso ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba emehlweni yeentaka izihlandlo eziliqela bhetele kunabantu. Ngenxa yokuba ukuba ibekwe amehlo abo emacaleni, bambone uninzi isithuba ngeenxa zonke kuye. Intsimi umbono yeentaka imalunga 300 degrees. Oku kunika ithuba lokuba babone umfanekiso, hayi kuphela ngaphambili ecaleni kwakhe, kodwa ngasemva. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, phantsi monocular ukuthini amandla okuqonda yezinto unaliso linye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ihlangabezana zonke iintaka ngaphandle nezikhova, kwakunye nezilwanyana ezininzi.

Umahluko phakathi monocular kunye nombono binocular

unokuphendulwa ngenxa zamehlo umbuzo malunga umahluko phakathi umbono monocular ngumbono binocular. Nganye kwezi ntlobo yombono zinezibonelelo kanye nobubi. umbono Monocular inikeza kuphela inkcazelo malunga imilo kunye ubungakanani bomfanekiso. Noko ke, olu hlobo mbono kufuneka isilwanyana, ngenxa yoko, ukuba ukuhlola izinto ngexesha elinye macala omabini. Ngenxa intsimi yabo umbono inyuswe. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ngokuzingela nokukhuselwa yehlabathi isilwanyana.

Ubume licandelo umbono ebantwini yahlukile iintaka kunye nezilwanyana. Umbono Centre ise kwi neuron. Ngenxa luvo ulwazi crosshairs evela iliso nganye iguqulelwa umfanekiso enye. Oko kukuthi, abantu umbono binocular. Ngaphandle yokuba olu hlobo mbono luphawulwa uyakwazi ukuqwalasela into ngamehlo amabini, kwaye nezinye iimpawu. Kuba umbono binocular luphawulwa kwimbono yomfanekiso esithubeni. Xa oku kwakuthetha ukuba ukwahlula kude kangakanani into kukuba, uninzi lwabo tyaba okanye amehlo.

Ezimbi apho umbono monocular waphawula

Njengoko waziwa kakuhle, yaye monocular kunye nombono binocular afumaneka ebantwini. Kunjalo Ukuphelisa uqhagamshelwano phakathi umbono, egqalwa eqhelekileyo izilwanyana, kuyinto ngezifo ebantwini. Umbono Monocular na iintlobo-2 zabantu. Kwimeko yokuqala kubhekisele ukukwazi ukubona unaliso linye kuphela rhoqo (ekunene okanye ekhohlo). Oku ibonakala yimfama ngomoya omnye. A uhlobo olwahlukileyo umbono monocular kwakuthetha umbono we ngasekunene, iliso ngasekhohlo. Olu hlobo kwenzeka xa diplopia. Isizathu inokuba ukuphazamiseka iziphene okanye ukulimala kwamehlo.

Uxilongo lwe

Kubalulekile ukuxilonga elililo kuphela umbono monocular, kodwa ityala layo. Ngokufuthi umthombo ingxaki kuzo ukulimala iliso, ukuphazamiseka semithambo, okungahambi bekhubazekile. Ngoko ke, ukongeza kwiindlela isisixhobo ze isigulane kufuneka wabuza ngokweenkcukacha malunga xa ukukwazi ukuyibona zitshintshiwe. Uhlobo umbono lingamiselwa ngexesha-tsvetotesta ezine. Ngale ndlela ukuqinisekisa ubukho umbono mono- okanye ngaxeshanye binocular.

ukuseka umbala lokucoca owahlukileyo (ebomvu, eluhlaza) phambi iliso yomntu ngamnye. Ukuqhela ukusuka amalungu umbono isikrini ngezangqa 4. Ngamnye kubo a kombala (omhlophe, obomvu, kunye noluhlaza 2). Kuxhomekeke nezangqa ezininzi kangakanani na isigulane ubona zamehlo iqukumbela uhlobo lwembonakalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu oqondayo onke -4. Kulo mzekelo, isangqa emhlophe kuye uba umbala obomvu okanye oluhlaza. Xa monocular umbono examinee ubona-2 okanye ezi-3 kuphela iziqwenga kwikhusi. Kwezinye iimeko, isigulana uthi iiklabhu-5. Kunqabile kwaye luphawu lokuba uhlobo ngaxeshanye (zombini mono- kunye binocular) lokubona. Le ukutenxa kumgaqo kufuna akukho unyango.

Yintoni ebangela umbono strabismus binocular?

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kwixesha lweentsana umntwana akukho mbono binocular. lasungulwa iqala eneminyaka iinyanga 1.5-2. Ngeli xesha, umbono ubumbano kugqalwa eqhelekileyo. Kwiinyanga 3-4, usana ukuyilwa nje yokudala, yi ezafumana zibonwa namehlo ezimbini njenge umfanekiso elinye. Kunjalo, inkqubo ukuyilwa umbono binocular iphela eli-12 kuphela ubudala. Ngako oko, izifo ezifana strabismus, inxulumene ezimbi umntwana. Kulo mzekelo, umntwana akakwazi kutsalela ingqondo kwisifundo esithile. Movement lwemizimba ayikwazi kuqhubeka ngaxeshanye, squints iliso enye squint ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo. Unobangela wale izifo - ukubunjwa engafanelekanga okanye ilibasiza umbono binocular. Oku waphawula ukuba ukubona, astigmatism okanye hyperopia.

umbono Binocular ku strabismus: unyango lwezifo

Ukuze ibe umbono obuphathekayo umntwana, kufuneka ixesha ukufumanisa strabismus kwaye uqale unyango. Inyathelo lokuqala kukuba ukuchonga unobangela ngezifo. Kufuneka ukhethe indlela ukubuyisela umbono binocular. unyango Strabismus luqala imiceli olulandelenayo ukuze kuqiniswe izihlunu iliso. Ukuba ilungelo umntwana imali wemboniselo, imfuneko ukulawula abazali okanye kugqirha. Kwezinye iimeko, oku kuboniswa izibuko ezizodwa. Ukuba umntwana kuye kwasekwa amblyopia, kuyimfuneko kukwandisa umthwalo kwesinye amalungu lokubona. Ukuze wenze oku, omnye iingongoma zeglasi (ecaleni iliso okunempilo) uphawu.

iindlela Ukufunyanwa kombono binocular

Iindlela zonyango kombono binocular lungohlulwa lube emzimbeni yotyando. Kwimeko yokuqala kubhekisele imithambo kuba izihlunu iliso. Kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo, izihlandlo eziliqela ngemini. Kwezinye iimeko, le ndlela kwanele. Amaninzi, ukongeza ezibiza ngokuba amehlo izibuko ezifunekayo. Zinceda kukuphelisa oonobangela strabismus (ukubona, astigmatism, ezikude). Enye indlela unyango lwe unyango binocular - oku uqhaqho. Lusetyenziswa kwiimeko apho uqeqesho strabismus nangezinye iindlela akunakwenzeka.