Yakut imela okuzingela, photo. Yakut imela Batu

imela Yakutsky imele uhlobo olwahlukileyo iintshengece, nalapho ixesha elide isetyenziswa ngabantu zomthonyama Yakutia. Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba esi sixhobo yenye izinto edume nenkcubeko yabantu phakathi kwabemi kwezinye iingingqi kunye namazwe.

blade

Blade eye Sakha imela intshengeca, ngoxa kwelinye icala ikhaba kunye lempundu kakhulu ngqo. Eyona iphambili ibe likhaba - kuba phambi ekuloleni yezi zinto, nto leyo yabalasela zizazinzulu yokuqala inxaxheba ekufundeni ubomi Yakuts. Kwelinye icala, oku iba likhaba uthe tyaba ngokupheleleyo kwaye zeedollar, kodwa ngaxesha linye icala ikhaba kujikwa. Le uyilo isetyenziselwa ukwenza umsebenzi Yakut imela ayikho "kungcwaba" elininzi eziphathekayo, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu ukuba lefties kunye righties kwenziwe iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo.

Njengoko kwenzeka

Iikhosi ngabembi kummandla Yakutia mihla (Sakha Republic), kwakugqitywa kwelokuba imela Yakut kukho inani elikhulu ngokungqinelana apho izixhobo ezazisetyenziswa kumaxesha amandulo.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi imela emimandla, kodwa lwalo zakudala, le ubude blade esemgangathweni mm 110 ukuya 170, nto leyo ibekwa phezu isiphatho burl ezinde.

Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele kukuba yabe enziwa kumacandelo ahlukeneyo labantu;

• Abantwana okanye amabhinqa asebenza iincakuba ubude ogama isusela ukusuka 80 ukuya 110 mm;
• ubude ibhanile intsimbi, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ka-110 ukuya-170 mm;
• 170 neemela mm kuthathwa omkhulu, kwaye, xa umgaqo, izixhobo phantse zemfazwe, ukuze zenziwe kunqabile kakhulu.

Ukongeza, iincakuba zahluke ububanzi:

• emathafeni yohlukile blade ngokwaneleyo elimxinwa;
• alass (okanye hlathi) mayixhotyiswe incakuba ngokubanzi.

Xa uninzi amatyala asetyenziswa iimela Yakut okuzingela, kwakunye igawulwa okanye kusombiwa. Ngelo xesha ehlathini isetyenziselwa ukusika kunye nemfuyo imveliso okanye kwinkqubo yokwenza iindidi umsebenzi phezu kweenkuni. Ngoko ke, kuxhomekeke yokusebenzisa esi sixhobo, yaye oko kubangelwa into lobeko lwe ububanzi blade kungcono ukukhetha.

Ngokwemveli eyahlukileyo esebenza Sakha imela blade, nto leyo eyenziwe ngentsimbi ngokwaneleyo ezithambileyo. ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuxhomekeka ubunzima sokucinga. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna nezokubaza iimela Yakut zokuzingela entsimini, yesinyithi esiphakathi likuvumela ukuba wenze loo nto, nkqu iingqalutye umlambo okanye nayiphi na enye into ekhoyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, omnye ethandwa omkhulu ngokwaneleyo baqala ukusebenzisa iimela kunye iincakuba ezenziweyo lamabakala ngentsimbi okhethekileyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imela Sakha (ingasentla) kungenziwa nkqu of eDamasko ngentsimbi.

uninzi abaphandi umisela uluhlu lwemibuzo malunga apho ke yakudubula kwabonakala eerandi. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo iinguqulelo, ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo iyafuneka ngenxa Krovostoka, ziphethe into yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuyimfuneko ukuze kuncitshiswe ubunzima likhaba, nesitshetshe akazange Nditshonile emanzini. Into kuphela ukuba singatsho ngokufanelekileyo - Yakut imela (umfanekiso ngentla) kufuneka kuphela kwicala lasekunene ikhaba.

ukusingatha

Xa version zakudala isiphatho yenziwa cap ezinde leyo pre-buzane oli ethile. In cross-sigaba ifana iqanda, nto leyo ijoliswe ekuyeni ekupheleni usiko intsimbi, yaye akanakho ngokupheleleyo nayiphi Guard, anokuthintela kunye izinto ezifanayo - standard ngesiphatho ngqo. Ubude imalunga 130-150 mm, nto leyo lilikhulu kancinci nje ububanzi avareji esandleni somntu. Le ubukhulu ibangelwa nje kuphela kuncedo sesixhobo, kodwa ukuba imela akuthethi Nditshonile kwimeko ukuba emanzini. Ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa burl ezinde ufumene isicelo iziqwenga ixolo enyanzeliswa phezu komnye, yaye phakathi kweengqimba ingubo wabo ngcina. Emva kuncanyatheliswe le workpiece ezomileyo ngokupheleleyo phantsi koxinzelelo, kwaye ke kuyo kwenziwe ngesiphatho.

Ukongeza, kukho kwakhona esingxotyeni salo, isiphatho yayo eyenziwe ngeplastiki, zeendlovu kunye nezinye izinto, kodwa ubukhulu becala ke aways yaye akukho ukusetyenziswa aluncedo kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

esingxotyeni

Kwakhona Yakut imela Baty unalo esingxotyeni salo ekhethekileyo. Xa version standard ukuba zenziwe oxtail, nto leyo ibekwe ngaphakathi faka ngomthi, ambathe esitsala ikhaba. Umsebenzi main - oko angayibambi yakudubula ngokwawo, kunye kuyiqhekeza wokhuseleko, ngexesha ubambe i lesikhumba ibe yinxalenye esingxobeni. Ubonelela ukuba ukwenziwa ezinde ixolo okanye ngesikhumba athungwe umgangatho, kunye neendidi ezinqabe kakhulu yeemveliso iinkuni.

Ukusetyenziswa inkomo okanye umsila ithokazi xa inkqubo yemveliso esingxobeni ithathwa ukhetho kakhulu kubazingeli, ngokungathi ngemela uyawa okanye ukulwa kuzo naziphi na izinto zangaphandle, akuyi kwenza ingxolo eninzi. Ukongeza, lisesingxobeni badla ezenziwe ngesikhumba oqhelekileyo, nto leyo ngokuyimfuneko ngokuqinileyo amanzi xa unyango oluchanekileyo.

Njani ligugile yaye kusetyenziswa

Xa uninzi amatyala wavuma ukuba uphethe imela kwicala lasekhohlo ukuba free ngokupheleleyo ekunqunyanyisweni, oko kukuthi, ikhaba kufuneka sijonge kwicala lasekhohlo. Kwanele ukumiswa free iyafuneka ukulungiselela injongo, ukwenzela ukuba ukuphazamisa intshukumo yomnini, nesitshetshe, kwaye ngexesha elinye xa isemzimbeni osekhohlo elula ngokwaneleyo ukuze ndisikhuphe isixhobo isandla sakhe sokunene, kufuneka nje ukuba olule ubhontsi wakho emhlabeni.

Kumaxesha Soviet, ukuba umntu wayenxibe okanye wenza Yakut imela ngezandla zakhe, ubengaphule lo mthetho, nangona loo non-ukuthobela yaye esesikweni kakhulu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, imveliso, ithwele, ukugcinwa kunye nokuthengiswa neemela ezo zilawulwa yi isenzo ezahlukeneyo urhulumente Yakutia, njengako apho yinxalenye yenkcubeko, ukuze ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla uvumelekile kulo mmandla.

Yakut imela real lisetyenziswa kubomi bemihla abemi zomthonyama Yakutia yaye usetyenziswa ekulobeni, ukuzingela, kunye nokulungiselela ukutya kunye nokubulawa nkqu inani nezinye iinkqubo. Ngoko ke, esi sixhobo isebenziseka yaye uye waba ngomnye izinto ezibalulekileyo inkcubeko yabo.

iinkosi

Ukuqwalasela Yakut iimela ngesandla, musa ukulibala malunga phawu yabo ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuba iimela ngokwenene ezisetyenziswa ngokukhutheleyo ngabemi zomthonyama Yakutia kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Kulo lonke eli lizwe nzima ukufumana entsatsheni, lowo wayengekho ubuncinane omnye imela onjalo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba eli ziveliswa iimeko zokwexeshana ezivenkileni elalini okanye ayisebenzisayo. Phantse kwilali nganye apha onayo inkosi yayo asekuhlaleni (okanye ngaphezulu), nto leyo ibandakanyeka ekuvelisweni iimela kobuchwepheshe ngamnye. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba uhlobo iingalo usenokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke indlela apho kwidolophana ethile yavelisa noko inkosi wayenza imveliso yawo.

Njani le imikhwa?

Isibakala sokuba Yakut kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo imela kuzingela phantse akazange ukutshintsha isimo sayo, nto ethetha ngento na izixhobo ngasemva kunye nobu-, phezu koko, kangangeenkulungwane bakwazi ukuchonga ifomu kakhulu impumelelo kunye jikelele ye imela ukuze zonke izakhi ngokugqibeleleyo afanelekileyo nemiqathango ndawo. Le imela ke ngokuphelele konke kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa iqondo eliphezulu umsebenzi kunye dhawo. Ngokukodwa, umzekelo, Sakha imela, imveliso oluqhutywa ngokwe ubuchwepheshe zakudala, inikeza inzima kakhulu ngakumbi blade, xa kuthelekiswa ne edume imela eFinland.

A isici esasenza nezitshetshe Yakut mihla kukuba ikhaba na isampuli langoku. Ngokuyintloko ngemihla yamandulo, xa kuyimfuneko ukuvelisa nabakhandi zentsimbi ngokuzimeleyo feedstock ingqalelo zibiza kakhulu, ngenxa apho yayo begilana ukukhusela, apho iba likhaba uza kuncothulwa akwiidola ububanzi ndakubumba. Ukuba imela lisetyenziswa neemeko ezigqithisileyo (umz, kubushushu engaphantsi kwe-50 ° ^C), ngoko ke ukungabikho kumkhombe ayisivumeli ukuba ukuhlela okanye ekuloleni, ngelixa nencakuba kokuba iqhezu ngokubanzi ngokwaneleyo, luphawulwa acuteness yayo, fineness, kwaye ngokunxulumene nalo ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka amalungelo tochitsya. Kwinkqubo azinxweme umuncu kwimveliso kokuba umkhombe ebanzi ngokwaneleyo uya kuza adibane inyama kuphela emva ecaleni, kwaye ngoko emseleni kwi incakuba imela iya kuhlala simahla, yaye isikhumba luza kususwa nje ngenxa kwindawo contact encinane.

The basic ezibonakalayo ukuze nokuveliswa izibambo - ikepusi, nto leyo izalelwe ekhethekileyo evela kwi kwiingcambu ezinde. Lubonakala ngumntu umthi onamandla kakhulu ixesha elide, kwaye umfanekiso ngokwanelisayo emhle imbonakalo. Ukongeza, nayo kusetyenziswa ngqo ngokwayo ezinde iinkuni, ixolo okanye iiseti ifaka efanayo ezahlukeneyo lulo.

ingqalelo eyodwa kufuneka ihlawulwe kuyilo ezizodwa esingxotyeni salo. Imela i ingontsi malunga 2/3 isiphatho kwaye sele olugcinwe kunobunye. Kulo mzekelo, ikhaba ukhululekile ngokupheleleyo bojinga kufakwa eyahlukileyo ngamaplanga. Ngenxa oku, umnini ukususa nje kunokwenzeka okanye Ubeke isitshetshe kunye blade, nasemva kokuba emkhenkceni igazi okanye amanqatha ngexesha umdlalo ezayenza ebusika.

iimpawu imela

Imbonakalo esemgangathweni ye-blade yahlukile, xa uqala, kwakhiwa ziqondile kwaye ilula kakhulu, kangangokuba umntu avareji ukuze kubonakale ukuba ukusebenzisa loo nto ngokupheleleyo iintloni. Nangona kunjalo, ezandleni yeenkosi yesi sixhobo kwinkqubo kukhangeleka ngathi isixhobo somculo, kwaye xa bethatha imela esandleni, nayiphi na ukuthandabuza malunga ngenkxamleko kususa mzuzu yokuqala.

Wood isetyenziselwa eyimveliso emphinini, iyavuma ukuba adhesion kakhulu, embi kakhulu wesundu, ukuze imela a andahexa. Icandelo umnqamlezo isiphatho yenziwe ngendlela yokuba imela leyo kamnandi esandleni, kungakhathaliseki nokuba ngaba umsebenzi esetyenziselwa yona leyo. Kakade ke, kukho iindidi ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka Yakut Potapova nezitshetshe, kodwa umgangatho yenye yezona ubhetyebhetye zonke ezikhoyo okwangoku. Ukongeza, ukuba siqwalasela, kuloo mgaqo, iimela ezahlukahlukeneyo, oko kubizwa ngokuba kakhulu egqibeleleyo, nangona efika kuqala iyahluka lula kakhulu.

ifilosofi

Ngokutsho intanda yakhe Yakut nezitshetshe uNikolay Potapov, njengayo nayiphi na, yimveliso yenzelwe kuphela indalo kunye nokubulawa imisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo. Master kwinkqubo lemveliso e kwindawo yokuqala kwenza ziluncedo abantu hayi ezinye uhlobo isixhobo ezibulalayo eziya kusetyenziswa ngeenjongo ndlongondlongo.

Kulo mzekelo, kanye uyilo imela ekuqaleni imisela oku, yaye ukuba, umzekelo, uthabathe loo ifomathi nokuba ukulungisa esingxotyeni ukuya bhanti, oko kwenziwa ngendlela yokuba emva dostavaniya isitshetshe blade ajike ngokwayo, hayi ngaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba olu phawu nayiphi ezintsha, yaye ngokuhambelana zobuchwepheshe kwiinkulungwane ubudala. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, asinakho ukuba nkqu ingcinga bundlobongela ngoncedo imela bangenantlonelo na ingcibi ovelise oko, kwaye ukuba wena baziinkosi kumaxesha amandulo ziwongwe akukho abathandazi ngaphantsi. Kakade ke, lo ngensimbi abangoyikiyo namhlanje, kodwa sengqondo ezifanelekileyo kunye nentlonipho msebenzi iye yasinda kuzo namhlanje.

Imikhwa abantwana

Yakut imela Tatarinov, kwakunye imodeli zoqobo, ingenziwa abantwana. Ngemihla yakudala umntwana ancokole malunga neminyaka emihlanu ubudala waqalisa ukufunda ukwenza zonke iintlobo zobugcisa, okanye ezinye zokudlala ngokhuni ngoncedo esi sixhobo. Besebancinane, abazali bakhe bamfaka ecaleni kwakhe, waza wathi ezivelisa izinto zokudlala ngomthi, kwaye kule nkqubo, umntwana ngentloko iintshukumo ukhokho wawo ukuphinda nabo nakwixesha elizayo. Xa utata waqonda ukuba kid yakhe ukulungele ukusebenza kunye isixhobo esinjalo, waya ingcibi waza wenza umyalelo imela elincinane, uze ke wawunika kunyana wakhe. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba unina akoyiki zokwenzakala nayiphi somntwana, njengoko netheknoloji imela ishenxisa ithuba yokwenzakala kakhulu, ngelixa inyama ezincinane ukumfundisa umsebenzi balumke, esinengqiqo enocwangco.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba Yakut imela odidi kubantu bonke, ngamnye Yakut langoku ezintathu okanye ezine imela ezahlukeneyo, esetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho imela kakhulu entle ezahlukeneyo zogxininiso, nto leyo leeholide kwaye ihambisa usapho kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Le imela esoloko ijinga phezu umnini ukhuko kuyo indlu, kwaye ngexesha elinye akukho namnye unako akazukuyibamba (ingakumbi ngokuphathelele abantwana).

kusetyenziswa indlela

Ukuba imela kwenziwa ukusebenza ezahlukeneyo iimveliso iinkuni, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba usebenzise ukusika inyama kunye nokutya akusayi kusebenza. Kuba abalusi enze ngobuwena eyahlukileyo imela, apho kukho likhaba egosogoso phantsi icala, ukuvumela ukuphepha umonakalo esiswini kunye nemveliso wamathumbu ngexesha ukusika, ekubeni kungenjalo loo nyama, aye embi.

Eyona ibalulekileyo isakhiwo ingalo ezilula ngasentla ukuba ukuloba, njengoko ngokufuthi ilahla kungena nezitshetshe yamanzi, apho isixhobo ukuba ezidadayo, okanye ubuncinane esinkini ubuninzi ngokucothayo.

Ngenxa yoko, Yakut iimela nga kubizwa isixhobo engaqhelekanga kakhulu yaye uluncedo kakhulu, nto leyo eyenziwayo kunye kusetyenziswa namhlanje. Abalobi, ngabazingeli kunye nabathandi nangoku neminye imisebenzi ezininzi ngenkuthalo usebenzisa ezi iimela nangaphandle kwe Yakutia, leyo sele kusithiwa aluncedo kakhulu, njengoko ephikisana amakrele samurai kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi kwezixhobo uhlanga ukuba akukho kuphinda ngaphezu irhafu amasiko.