Unit System: Ukubunjwa eziphambili neempawu

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuthetha kwizihloko khompyutha, abantu kudla ngokubhekiswa kuzo kwinkqubo yekhompyutha i yunithi, kwaye oku kubangela imibuzo emininzi malunga nokuqulunqwa kunye iimpawu ezingundoqo zonke izixhobo ekuwo. abasebenzisi abaninzi abazi nto malunga nokusebenza kunye nesakhiwo yesixhobo ngekhompyutha, ngoko umfundi uyamenywa ukujongana izikhewu nolwazi. Inqaku kwi sihloko: "unit System: ngoobani kunye neempawu eziphambili 'iya kuvumela umsebenzisi ukuba kusoloko unekhono kwimiba izihloko computer.

Metal ibhokisi khanya

Ukuqokelelwa onke amacandelo computer, linoxanduva lokusebenza lwe ikhompyutha siqu, ubizwa ngokuba nkqubo. Ngako oko ke, umanyano zonke izinto kwiqonga omnye omele iqela elinye ozimeleyo, ekuthiwa inkqubo le yunithi. Ethetha ngolwimi efikelelekayo, yonke into yesinyithi okanye izindlu iplastiki, kuquka isakhelo ngokwayo, oko kuthiwa inkqubo. Ukubunjwa yunithi inkqubo yekhompyutha zobuqu yaziwa ukuba phantse naluphi CPU yomsebenzisi, motherboard, inkumbulo, ikhadi levidiyo, umbane kunye nezinye izinto.

izindlu ukusebenza Basic ezitshatileyo nje kuphela onke amacandelo yekhompyutha, kodwa intsebenziswano wokhululekileyo - oko kukuthi, lo ufikelelo ngokwasemzimbeni onke amacandelo omnye komnye. Emarikeni ukwahlula umzimba ifomu factor, leyo kugqiba ubungakanani ifowuni (ukuphakama, ububanzi kunye ubunzulu). Imizekelo ifomu factor: ETX, ATX, ATX-midle, mini-ATX, micro-ATX, Barabone, Notebook, Umncedisi, kunye nabanye.

Intliziyo inkqubo

Ilungu ibalulekileyo abasebenzisi abaninzi kumqhubekekisi ukuba inxalenye mandatory ye-PC isisu semoto. Le mbono ephosakeleyo. Injongosenzi processing CPU, oko kukuthi, ubalo ezintsonkothileyo imathematika: .. Ukudibanisa, iyantlukwano, ukuthabatha, ngokuphindaphinda. indima kwentliziyo kwi computer yakho idlala umbane onikezela kuphela umbane kuzo zonke iziqalelo eqongeni, kodwa kuqinisekisa umgangatho yobonelelo yayo (ombane kunye current).

Xa uthenga umsebenzisi computer kufuneka ukubala amandla ukusetyenziswa onke amacandelo kwinkqubo unit kwaye ukhethe unikezelo lwamandla ofunekayo, nto leyo eya ukumelana msebenzi. Indiva lo siphakamiso, kunye nokufunyanwa umbane eliphantsi-umgangatho unako ukutshabalalisa yonke iziqalelo ze computer. Ngokwendalo, nendleko unikezelo lwamandla siwenze kunye ilahleko xa ukusilela zonke iinxalenye computer.

inkqubo output Basic igalelo /

Akwenzeki ukuba kwakhiwe ikhompyutha ngaphandle motherboard, nayo yinxalenye yenkqubo unit le. Esi sixhobo senzelwe ukudibanisa zonke iziqalelo eqongeni, ngokunjalo ukulawula operability inamacandelo efakiweyo. Xa motherboard iye eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi software, ekuthiwa BIOS. Yaba nguye lowo inika ingcaciso malunga iziqalelo yokusebenza ye-bume ngaphakathi kwinkqubo unit le. Ubume, namba, igama kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezininzi ingafumaneka kolu software.

Le motherboard, ukongezelela kuzo zonke iintlobo izilawuli ujongano, ezihlangeneyo boluvo ezahlukileyo iliso impilo nkqubo. Kwimeko naziphi na iingxaki lesixhobo tufwile iziganeko umsebenzisi isandi, nangona kunjalo, ugqiba kwinqanaba izandi ezikhethekileyo, nabanako uguqulwa kuphela iingcali ze-IT (sithetha malunga POST-khowudi). Njengoko kwikhabhinethi, ifomu motherboard into kwaye emiselwe milinganiselo neempawu.

iimpawu motherboard

Kwimarike computer kukho segmentation le amacandelo iindleko kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ngoko ke, lo umsebenzisi ukhethe eyakho computer zabo zexabiso eliphantsi, ukufumana isixhobo ofaneleyo eklasini mali, kunye nabathandi-olunzulu imidlalo kufuneka kukhethwe amaqela ku PC ezibizayo. Umahluko osisiseko phakathi ziqwempu ekhoyo zonke izixhobo zekhompyutha oyinxalenye yenkqubo ikhompyutha iyunithi, nguye ukusebenza kanye ukuhambelana.

Kwakhona, motherboards kunokuba esisiseko kuhlanganiswe. Kwimeko yokugqibela, izilawuli ezizodwa ifakiwe kwindlela iibhodi, ezinako ukukulumkisela ukulinganisa izixhobo peripheral (isandi card, ikhadi levidiyo, Wi-Fi-mnqongo wokulinganisela, njalo njalo. N.). Ukuhlanganisa yeekhomponenti kakhulu kunciphisa iindleko kwinkqubo unit le xa iyonke, Noko ke, akukho bamkelwa kubathengi, njengoko amacandelo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi sebenzisa umthamo iprosesa, sehlise ukusebenza kwayo.

ubuchopho computer

Ukuqwalasela lo isixhobo esisiseko zibandakanywe kwinkqubo unit ke, umsebenzisi ngokuqinisekileyo aqhelane kwiimodyuli memory. Eli candelo ke umncedisi kumqhubekekisi computer. Ukusebenza sync, zombini izixhobo sele ukuvelisa izibalo kunye ngokupheleleyo lilawula yonke idatha, kubandakanywa indlela yokusebenza kunye izicelo ezisebenzayo. Omkhulu Ubungakanani benkumbulo, kokukhona akhawulezayo computer.

Sami memory iminqongo kwahluka ubugcisa bemveliso (DDR4, DDR3, DDR2), kwakunye umlinganiselo data (ibalwa ezitsho ka-1333 MHz, 2133 MHz, njalo njalo). Ukuba liphakamile ixabiso, i ngokukhawuleza isantya, kodwa kukho ezinye iintsilelo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukusebenza eliphezulu, inkumbulo kunye iprosesa ukusebenza amaza efanayo (yolunye) apha.

ulwazi Warehouse

Idatha emva unyango kufuneka ukuba igcinwe kwindawo ethile, ngoko ke ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo yekhompyutha iyunithi ngokuyimfuneko iquka a hard disk. Aggregators zombuso Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye eziqinileyo zahluke iyawasusa umthamo data nesantya. Kwenzeka ukuba SSDs abe ngesantya esikhulu, kodwa ubugcisa babo obunemveliso ibiza kakhulu, ngoko ke isixa zokugcina ulihlwempu. Magnetic disks njengoko atshiphu ukuvelisa, Noko ke, kunzima kakhulu kwi Isantya msebenzi. Yiyo lo umda yaye ikhonkco uswele kwicandelo kwinkqubo yonke.

Oogqirha abaninzi Siyaleza ukudibanisa iintlobo ezimbini drives. Fast SSD-kwidisk ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa yokusebenza, yaye slow - HDD - sebenzisa njenge yokugcina data. Esi sigqibo bekuqalwa elihle ngabasebenzisi ezininzi.

Ingxelo evela kumnikazi computer

Khangela ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ziyinxalenye yenkqubo unit ke, musa ukulibala malunga nonxulumano ukudibanisa ovumela umsebenzisi ukulawula ikhompyutha, uze ubone imiphumo yezenzo zabo. Sithetha ngalo iadaptha ividiyo efakwe kwi kwipleyiti esisiseko kwaye ikuvumela ukuba uthumele-time real ividiyo kwidispleyi ulwazi (monitor, TV). amakhadi zevidiyo obubobu nehlanganisiweyo kunye zahluke yokusebenza kunye nokusebenza.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, esidibeneyo iadaptha lunqongophele okunokwenzeka kwaye isetyenziswe kwikhompyutha ukubonisa imifanekiso kwikhusi. Kodwa isixhobo ezahlukene yi umsebenzisi umdla ngakumbi. Ukuba eyakho iprosesa yakho yemizobo inkumbulo, ifowuni unako ukuvelisa izibalo zayo, ezo eziyimfuneko yonke imidlalo.

inethiwekhi Global umhlaba

Ubume Inkqubo unit i ngokuyimfuneko luquka iadaptha ukuba Kananjalo zinokuqukwa ibhodi inkqubo okanye abe isixhobo ezimeleyo leyo ifakiwe kule khompyutha ibe isinxibelelanisi okhethekileyo. kuthambekela Market kukuba isicombululo ezihlangeneyo ulingana idenariyo, abanini abaninzi kangaka sakuqhela ingcamango yokuba motherboard network isilawuli nje ukuba ibe.

Nabaqondisi ngokwabo kwahluka phakathi izinga data kunye nokusebenza. Kukho imigangatho zesantya ezintathu: 10, 100 no-1024 mbps. A izinto zisebenza kuphela iimpawu ezongezelelweyo: umthwalo womnatha, ngokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nendlela ukukhuphela iadaptha kunye nolawulo kude.

soundtrack

Xa wayethetha ukuba yinxalenye yenkqubo unit na, abasebenzisi abaninzi bayakhohlwa ikhadi lesandi, nto leyo isixhobo peripheral, hayi icandelo motherboard. I-adaptha inoxanduva isandi, kwakunye card yemizobo obubobu, baxhotyiswa kunye iprosesa wayo, inkumbulo, kunye nabaqondisi processing odiyo. Distantly lesandi kufana msindo elincinane ekhaya theatre kwibhodi nokuba ngumamkeli kunye D lokuguqulela.

Ukukhetha inkqubo iyunithi kwimarike, ukwakhiwa kweengongoma ezahlukileyo ze equka iadaptha yedijithali odiyo, kufuneka balungele iindleko ephezulu ye computer ngokubanzi. Umgangatho njalo iza ngexabiso. abenzi abaninzi ukudidiyela ikhadi lesandi kwi motherboard. Esi sigqibo luninzi abasebenzisi wamkela, ekubeni umahluko isandi xa kuthelekiswa izixhobo anqabileyo, ngaphandle ilifa yendlebe umculo ayikwazi ukuba andibhaqwa.

amakhadi Ukwanda kunye nokusebenza kwabo

Ukuba bagwebe ikhompyutha kuyo singaba izibilini zalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ususe isiciko izindlu ukufumana ukuba yeyiphi izixhobo ziyinxalenye yenkqubo unit le. Ngoko, kwi umncedisi database, unako ukufumana okuninzi nzima drives kunye esisebenza RAID. Esi sixhobo uyakwazi ekulungelelaniseni drives iqhotyoshelweyo kwaye udale rhoqo kwabo yokugcina.

Umhleli PC, unako ukufumana ikhadi ividiyo okanye Sombhalo TV yobungcali. Loo isixhobo ivumela ukuguqula uphawu zifunyenweyo data kwaye sigcine ngazo kwi hard disk. Thina nabadlala ungabona amakhadi eziliqela imizobo ekhethekileyo, kunye nabalawuli inkqubo ukhetha ukufakela inkqubo optical drive kunye namakhadi multiple zenethiwekhi.

Ekuphetheni

Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, akukho nzima kwi computer akanayo - umakhi eqhelekileyo, eziquka iinxalenye ezisisiseko (izinto mandatory) kunye kwimida ethile. Kufuneka nje ukwazi ukuba yintoni umphumo lokugqibela (indawo) yaye ke ngoko akuyi kuba nzima kungabikho bani ukuqokelela iyunithi yakhe inkqubo yaso. Ekwakhiweni, kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ukuba amisele, ngokusekelwe kumathuba zemali, ngokuba imarike computer kufuna utyalo abathengi eninzi.