Uncedo lokuqala isiqaqa: algorithm ngezenzo. Yintoni kwikhoma ebantwini

Iya isanda, ukufa ehlabathini kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ukuba wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ukunika uncedo kwixhoba kuqala. Ekubeni nematha, umntu akubona, wawa yaye akazange yenze le ndoda okanye umfazi ecaleni kuye, simi nje nokukhangela. Yaye ukuba ngoko nangoko banduluka yena kunye yaye uncedo kuyimfuneko, isiphumo ukuze basindiswe ubomi bomnye umntu. Kwakhona kubalulekile izihlobo izigulane ogula ukwazi zeziphi iimpawu etsolo, ukuba benze ntoni indlela kwimeko ethile, ukuze abe nako ukunika uncedo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Namhlanje sijonga ngesihloko ebaluleke kakhulu: yintoni na kwikhoma ebantwini. Phantse wonke umntu abe ufifi ukunceda ngayo, mandenze ntoni ukuze asindise ubomi bomntu.

Yintoni kwikhoma ebantwini?

Isiqaqa - it yimeko kakhulu ukuba amagama olukhula ngokukhawuleza central system luvo ukudandatheka kunye zingqondweni enzulu kunye nokungabikho ukusabela kwizinto ngaphandle. Kule meko isigulana saphazamisa iinkqubo ezininzi umzimba: nokuphefumla, sentliziyo, kunye nabanye.

Omnye wonobangela isiqaqa zezi umonakalo omkhulu isicwili sobuchopho. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala inyama, umz, ukwenzakala okanye legazi, ngokunjalo ngenxa yobukho xa isigulane of ezimbi ezinzulu ezosulelayo, kwetyhefu kunye nezinye iinkqubo. uncedo lokuqala isiqaqa lwezonyango ukufa kubaluleke kakhulu, enyanisweni oku ukusindisa ubomi yesigulane, kodwa into yokuqala ukuyenza - kukuqinisekisa uhlobo karhulumente comatose, kwaye ukuchonga oko kwavusa kuyo.

izigaba isiqaqa

Isiqaqa, kwakunye nezinye izinto ezimbi ezininzi ebantwini, kwenzeka ngokwamanqanaba ezininzi:

• Precoma. Le meko ke siphu- isiqaqa lokwenyaniso kuhlala ukusuka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini. Ngeli xesha, ingqondo yomntu edidekile, wothuka, utshintsho zakhe imeko kakhulu, iba buthuntu kakhulu, oko uvuka abanye umsebenzi, ukuba nochuku. Ukuba ikhaliphe kusindiswa, kunokuba eyaphukileyo ukudidiyelwa motor.

• Isiqaqa I degree. Kwimeko enjalo, yonke indlela isigulane ngayo etyabulayo yangaphandle kabukhali elinganeno, obekudibene nezigulana kunzima. Ukwanda kwezihlunu, isigulana uyakwazi ukuginya ukutya kuphela ulwelo. Ngokuphawulekayo ukwanda ingqondo imicu. pupillary asabela ngayo ukukhanya igcinwe, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kunokuba ephawulekayo strabismus.
• Isiqaqa degrees 2. Le fomu luphawulwa badengeka, akukho ukuqhagamshelana isigulane no. Abafundi musa modem ekukhanyeni, ukuba iingqameko, kunye nokusabela kwizinto abangekhoyo. Kwakhona motion enqabileyo ingalawuleki kubonakala, wolula omzimba, okanye, icala, ekhululekile, kunye nabanye. Ukuphefumla kunokulungiswa ngokohlobo lwezidumbu, ukuba coma degrees-2. yokulahla ngokuzenzekelayo kwamathumbu okanye esinyini zingenzeka kwiimeko ezinqabileyo.
• Isiqaqa degrees 3. Kweli nqanaba, lo mntu akakho zingqondweni, akukho mpendulo ezenzeka ngaphandle. Akukho abasabela ngayo abafundi ukuze zikhanyise. Ukwehla kwezihlunu, ukugula esinokubakho. iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni, uxinzelelo igazi esezantsi, nokuphefumla kakuhle. uncedo lokuqala isiqaqa ibaluleke kakhulu kule meko, kungenjalo, ukuba akuthanga lagxila ngoko eli nyathelo liya kungena isiqaqa wordly.
• isiqaqa ayabiza (4 degree). Kule meko, kakhulu kunciphise kwengcinezelo kunye nobushushu, ayikho ngokupheleleyo yonke ingqondo. imeko yomguli egcinwa yi-mpilo kunye nesondlo parenteral.

uncedo lokuqala isiqaqa kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa kuya kuba luncedo ngakumbi ukuba ilungelo lokumisela loluphi uhlobo isiqaqa uyaqapheleka umguli, ngenxa apho kukho ezininzi.

coma Kussmaul kaThixo

Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu izigulane kunye seswekile. Le kwikhoma kungenzeka izigulane iswekile lwegazi (hyperglycemia) okanye ephantsi (hypoglycemia). Ezinjalo iziphumo imeko kwamanqanaba iswekile egazini ophezulu. Xa isiqaqa seswekile ubonakala acetone ivumba ukusuka kwisisu ngomlomo. Ukuba ixilonge ngokufanelekileyo olu hlobo isiqaqa, ngoko ngokukhawuleza kakhulu uyakwazi ubakhuphe eYiputa abantu kule meko.

Kulo mzekelo, kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo ukulinganisa amaqondo eswekile yegazi, ukuba babebiza imali, ngoko bafake insulin, kwaye ukuba isezantsi, ngoko ke isigulane ukuthatha carbohydrate. Kwaye ke kubhetele ukuba bafune uncedo evela kugqirha, oya bagcine isigulane kwaye akwazi ukumnceda ngaphandle nobungozi kwimpilo kule meko.

coma traumatic

Kaninzi kwenzeka kwizigulane bafumana ukonzakala entloko, ukuze ingqondo sele yonakele. Ukusuka nezinye iintlobo isiqaqa, yena abe ukugabha enamandla precoma. uncedo lokuqala olu hlobo isiqaqa kuthetha ukwamkelwa amanyathelo engxamisekileyo ukunceda ukuphucula igazi kwegazi ingqondo ukubuyisela umsebenzi wayo.

coma meningeal

Olu hlobo esivelayo xa kukho ukunxila le isicwili sobuchopho, oko kuxhokonxwa ubukho yosulelo meningococcal. Cacisa ukuba uphethwe kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba empontshwa. Kule meko, i intloko nomonde ezimbi, akakwazi ukuvusa umlenze eyandisiweyo, ukuba intloko yakho tilts phambili nje, ngoko kukho flexion ngokuzenzekelayo le emadolweni.

Kananjalo phawu yale hlobo isiqaqa yi kwamaqhakuvana kunye neendawo ze necrosis kwi ulusu kunye ngenwebu yangaphakathi. Kulo mzekelo, isigulana siya kukwazi ukunceda kuphela ngoogqirha abaqeqeshiweyo, ngoko ke uncedo lokuqala ukuba - oko ubiza sezigulana yaye esibhedlele kwiklinikhi sisifo esosulelayo.

coma yobuchopho

Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba abo izigulane kuba isifo ingqondo ezinxulumene ne phambi yamathumba. Man afe isiqaqa uziva:

• yintloko ebuhlungu, kunye nokugabha.
• Izigulane nzima ukuginya ukutya, badla ke ziliminxe, abayazi kuyisela amanzi.

Ukuba ngeli xesha ukuba ukunika uncedo lokuqala, uqala isiqaqa. Njengoko ezi mpawu asenokubonisa imo comatose, unobangela apho ithumba ebuchotsheni. Umahluko kukuba kwimeko yokugqibela, iya enxulumene ezimbi ukudumba, ezifana tonsils, amajelo otitis kunye sinusitis. Ukuze ukunceda kule meko kunokuba kuphela ngugqirha, okuyinto iyavela ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza into engalunganga, kwaye ukunceda isigulane.

coma elambile

Olu hlobo kwenzeka xa izidanga muscular-3, nto leyo ebangelwe ngokuzila ukudla ixesha elide. Ngokuqhelekileyo olu hlobo kwenzeka abantu abatsha itye. Emzimbeni, iprotini imibala ziviwa, lenza imisebenzi emininzi emzimbeni, ngoko xa engekhoyo, ngoko phantse onke amalungu awusebenzi kakuhle, lazi nokusebenza kwengqondo.

Ukuba esi simo, ezi mpawu zilandelayo singabonakala:

• Case yokutyhafa rhoqo.
• Kukho ubuthathaka jikelele.
• Ophilisayo nokubetha kwentliziyo.
• Man afe isiqaqa uziva embi: iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni kunye noxinzelelo ephantsi, uxhuzula, nkqu ukuchama ezizenzekelayo.

Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ubone ugqirha, yaye nayiphi na imeko kufuneka anike ukutya nomonde, ngenxa yokuba umzimba kufuneka kwakhona kancinci.

coma sokuwa

Kudla ikhula ngenxa nokuhlutha enamandla convulsive. Izigulane baphawula abafundi iimpawu inimba, isikhumba libunile, yonke ingqondo ezi ukuncokola. Kulwimi badla ukubonisa iimpawu niyagrenyana phantse lonke waphawula yokulahla yezizwe le lwesinyi namathumbu.

Ingcinezelo kunye nobushushu kuyathotywa, ukubetha kwentliziyo rapid. Ukuba imeko nokwandiswa, ubume uba thready, lo ukuphefumla uba anzongonzongo ukusuka kumphezulu. Ukuba uncedo lokuqala ungekho kunye isiqaqa, le ikhaliphe nomonde shwaka, xi liyaqhubeka kuwa, yaye kwenzeka ekufeni ekugqibeleni.

coma utshwala

Yityhefu kunye utywala kukhokelela isiqaqa utywala, oko kunokubangela ekufeni clinical. kakubi utywala kunokukhokelela ukunyhashwa amalungu. utywala ethyl igalelo kakhulu ukuba ubuchopho, ungaze umsebenzi kwentliziyo ka isixokelelwano sokuphefumla.

Kukho zigaba eziliqela utshwala comatose karhulumente, yonxunguphalo uncedo nangaliphi na ixesha isiqaqa ibaluleke kakhulu, ngokukodwa wesithathu. uncedo lokuqala kule meko kukuba ukwenza yomoya yencindi yomlomo kunye ukumgabhisa. Le isigulane kwambatha kwicala elinye umnxeba engxamisekileyo inqwelo yezigulana.

coma hepatic

Kakuhle kwesibindi kungakhokelela ekubeni ukuba isiguli isiqaqa, kukowuphi umzekelo apho kuthiwa esibindini. Isizathu inokuba sisifo umzimba waso nasiphi imvelaphi. Indlela komzimba yophuhliso olu hlobo isiqaqa ilula: esibindini - sisihluzo ephambili emzimbeni womntu. Kwezo meko apho umzimba umsebenzi yoniwa, ngoko egazini ukungena iimveliso pathways ukuba babeza inactivated esibindini. Baya kuchaphazela ngokubonakalayo iiseli lobuchopho, nto leyo inokukhokelela isiqaqa. Olu hlobo Idla yi ukuphazamiseka zentliziyo, ukudumba ingqondo kunye ukunxila jikelele. Ukuncedisa a coma hlobo - isimemelelo ngokukhawuleza ingcali xa musa, kwiimeko ezininzi kwayo ziindlela zokufa malunga nesigulane eso.

uncedo lokuqala afe isiqaqa

uncedo lokuqala ezibaluleke kakhulu urhulumente comatose, nayiphi na ukulibaziseka kunokukhokelela ekufeni. Ukuba phambi kwakho indoda isiqaqa, into yokuqala omawuyenze ukujonga msinya kuyo. Ukuba yonke ngequbuliso xa imitha okanye insulin, kuthiwa ukuba seswekile, yaye mhlawumbi bakhe isiqaqa seswekile, nangona lo mntwana nje ukuba nabanye yaye ingavimbi. ukuncedisa algorithm for abadala comatose kunye nabantwana iyafana kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, i iingcebiso ezimbalwa eza kunceda ukunceda isigulane isiqaqa:

• Ngokungxamisekileyo ukubuyisela nokugcina nokuphefumla eyaneleyo: ukuba ulungise inkqubo yokuphefumla, qhagamshela oomatshini mpilo okanye wenze konikotomiyu, kodwa kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kwaye kuphela ngemvume ingcali.

• Catheterization of emithanjeni yoluvo.
• Ukubuyisela nokugcina ejikelezayo ngokwaneleyo igazi: ukuba xi iphantsi, loo uvuza glucose sodium chloride isisombululo efakwa, kwaye ukuba ingcinezelo ingaphezulu kunesiqhelo, oko lilungiswa wemagniziyam-sulfate. Bunjani isingqi intliziyo yi defibrillation. Kunjalo ibhekisa uncedo lokuqala coma umyalezo ezingaziwayo.
• Sifakele catheter kwi esinyini, ukuze ukwazi ukulawula izinga diuresis.
• Ukufakela uphenyo emva tracheal ekumfakeni.

Emergency Care isiqaqa - oku kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoko kunjalo, musa ukufumana Ityhwatyhwa nangoko ubize yezigulana kwaye wenze konke okusemandleni ukuze kube lula imeko yesigulane. Amxesha oloncedo ukusindisa ubomi.