UMikhail Kovalchuk: biography kunye nomsebenzi lwezenzululwazi

yamachiza Russian uMikhail Kovalchuk wazalwa eLeningrad, ngoSeptemba 21, 1946 kwintsapho oososayensi-mbali. Maxa wambi ezahlukeneyo (kwaye kaninzi into enye), waba ngumlawuli ngokwamaziko ezininzi zophando phambili, kuquka i-Institute of Crystallography kunye odumileyo Kurchatov, ilungu lebhodi le fund "Skolkovo", eziphambili iinkqubo yenzululwazi kunye ezithandwayo kumabonwakude kunye nonobhala ziinzululwazi Council on imfundo, inzululwazi neteknoloji phantsi uMongameli Russian Federation. Ukongezelela, olo wayechaphazeleka kulo ezininzi Kwiimeko ezininzi, nto leyo eya kuthi achazwe apha njengoko iqhawe eli nqaku Kovalchuk Mihail Valentinovich.

usapho

Uyise yesayensi owaziwayo Valentin, ingcali yenzululwazi, mbali, umphandi kwisebe iLeningrad ye-USSR Academy of Sciences, wasebenza kwi-Institute of History yaye oyingcali ekungqingweni nasekuxinweni ka iLeningrad usinde bonke ubunzima bayo. Wayephila Wayeselemashumi alithoba esixhenxe ubudala, wafa ngo-2013. Umama wasifundisa imbali e LSU.

UMikhail Kovalchuk - umzalwana ngumdala Billionaire uYuri Kovalchuk, usihlalo ibhodi yabalawuli ibhange "Russia", ezinxulumene abaninzi ezinkulu asset ishishini. KaYuri Kovalchuk kuhle-eyaziwa ngokuba umhlobo osenyongweni uMongameli we-Russian Federation, yaye unyana Billionaire Boris likhokelwa liSebe iiprojekthi nezingundoqo urhulumente Russian, kwaye kungoku nje ongusihlalo ibhodi JSC "AMANYE Rao YO".

Sikazi kunye nonyana

Imbali ezibandakanyekayo umfazi nokwakheka edumileyo, oko oyingcali Ireland kwaye intombi akukho mbali ngaphantsi odumileyo uYuri Polyakov, Academician. UNyana uMikhail Kovalchuk waba usihlalo we ebhodi yabalawuli yamajelo yokugcina enkulu - "National Media Group", engumnini izabelo ngamajelo yokuqala sesihlanu "WESGRO Media", "ren-TV" kwi "News" kunye nezinye zosasazo ezininzi.

Igama KIRILL Kovalchuk kwabaneka koonondaba malunga kwihlazo kunye ngokutsha yendlu Bolkonskis kumbindi wesixeko. Kunokwenzeka ukuba Mihail Andreevich Kovalchuk bakhonza e Spassk-Ekude, kodwa ulwalamano usapho lwakhe ayifumanekanga kunye iqhawe eli nqaku.

Learning

Emva kokuphumelela ngo-1970, i-Physics iSebe eLeningrad State University kwaye yakhiwe wayendikhusela idiploma yakhe Institute of Semiconductors, Academy of Sciences waseUSSR, umxholo apho isifundo ka-X reyi, ngamandla abasasazeke ziikristale egqibeleleyo, uMikhail Kovalchuk akazange ahlale esikolweni ocetywayo isidanga yaza yathunyelwa ezikolweni ngo eMoscow umqeqeshwa-umphandi we-Institute of Crystallography Shubnikov USSR Academy of Sciences.

Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, u yisiwe kurhulumente. Ngowe-1978, uMikhail Kovalchuk, ogama engobomi utyebile kakhulu kwiziganeko yesayensi, waba PhD, ithisisi kwindawo enye kwaye ezifana nesihloko ithisisi.

Ph.D.

kweminyaka esithoba kamva, uMikhail Kovalchuk waba yintloko optic X-reyi kwaye radiation synchrotron elebhu. Kunye neminyaka elishumi kamva - phezu nokhuselo, lo ithisisi ngoku ukulungele ekufuneni isidanga lwenzululwazi kwisigaba esilandelayo - udokotela physical sciences zemathematika.

Xa ukukhusela kwakukho abachasi zazinzima, abakholelwa ukuba iziphumo thaca dissertator, ingozi ngokwaneleyo, ukuba mhlawumbi engalunganga, okanye plagiarized. Kodwa wakwazi ukulwa umva, kunye uMikhail Kovalchuk waziphendulela ngempumelelo.

Nabaqondisi uProfesa

Ngowe-1998, uMikhail Kovalchuk waba unjingalwazi kunye nomlawuli we-Institute of Crystallography, apho weza kunjalo kungekudala kwixesha elidlulileyo a intern elula. Ngo-2000, iSebe Jikelele Physics kunye ngeenkwenkwezi ye-Russian Academy of Sciences iSebe yanikezelwa kuye isihloko oluhambelana Ilungu (in yinto enye umcimbi physics). Wandula ke wathabatha phezu ulawulo SIC "Space Izinto" kwi ziko.

Ukususela ngo-2005, wathabatha enye ngenkathalo ubulawuli uMikhail Kovalchuk. Kurchatov Institute wamthabatha kwisikhundla sokuba yintloko Centre of radiation synchrotron. Kwaye ngowama-2007, waphathiswa ukuba enze imisebenzi nosekela-owayengumongameli Russian Academy of Sciences. Noko ke, ukuba ukungena ngokupheleleyo ukuya kwisikhundla, uMikhail Kovalchuk ayaba nako, kuba belingelilo ilungu epheleleyo Russian Academy of Sciences. Kwaye njengelungu elikhutheleyo lezifundiswa zakhe ezininzi wala ukuba, ucinga ukuba umphathi ngaphezu zezenzululwazi.

yokuguqula Russian Academy of Sciences

Kunoko, ngo-2012 wabekwa icala ngokungqinelana imisebenzi yesikole kwi leFiziksi kwiSebe SPSU, ke ngoko, kwafuneka ukuba asebenze ngokukhawuleza kumaziko ezintathu avelele, leyo nazo kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo. Isiphumo salo ukuba ngo-2013 i efihlakeleyo yebhalothi wakhanyela kabini kuye ngeposi, awayelilungu ukuya kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu edlulileyo - uMikhail Kovalchuk akazange uphinde wonyulwa UMlawuli we-Institute of Crystallography.

Emva koko kwafika oyilwayo, zabhalwa izazinzulu ezininzi athethwa babecalucalulwa Kovalchuk. Russian Academy of Sciences unenzondelelo ngqongqo uHlaziyo. UMikhail Kovalchuk ngokwakhe Wakhanyela ukubandakanyeka, besithi oonondaba baya- Academy of Sciences kufuneka kudaka ngathi uBukhosi baseRoma wafa.

th 2015

Kulo nyaka, uMikhail Kovalchuk waba eninzi yokuthetha uluntu, eyona umdla - kwi Federation kwiBhunga, apho sithetha ngendlela eUnited States ukudala zenyathi amatsha abantu - "Abantu ishishini", ziziphi iingozi ukusetyenziswa iiseli ngumntu, nendlela eUnited States ezichaphazela ukubeka ezinye iinjongo lobunzululwazi nobugcisa ehlabathini. Ingakumbi ngoncedo lwabo uva inzululwazi eYurophu naseRashiya. intsebenziswano Scientific phakathi kwamazwe amabini, ngokutsho uMikhail Kovalchuk, kufuneka ngokuthe ngcembe sokuphelisa yaye iiprojekthi ziza ukuqala.

NgoDisemba, ekupheleni kwale ntetho Putin yabamba intlanganiso Mihailom Kovalchukom. Apho ke weva ukuba Academician UYevgeny Velikhov, umongameli we Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", eba ngumongameli yekhethelo. Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin wamisela uMikhail Kovalchuk kwi isithuba esingenamntu. Kovalchuk nangoko ecetywayo ukudaleka reactor ngxubevange kwisizukulwana esitsha. Ukuqala 2016 yazisa intlanganiso omtsha uMongameli we-Russian Federation kunye noMongameli we-Kurchatov Institute, apho kwaxoxwa imibutho uphendlo bakwazi ukulawula ukuhamba ingcamango.

kwizithuba ezingaphezulu

kubaluleke kuphela, ngokwenene elikhulu yixina izikhundla alunge Mihailu Kovalchuku, engenakubalwa elinesixhenxe. Iza kakhulu ubulungu kwi-ofisi kaMongameli kunye neKomishoni - iBhunga phantsi uMongameli RF (inzululwazi kunye nemfundo, ixesha langoku kunye nophuhliso lobuxhakaxhaka loqoqosho Russian, ubuchwepheshe aphezulu ezintsha, njalo njalo), kwiikholeji - Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation; ebhodini le abayili ezingundoqo abaziintloko, iingcali eziphambili kunye izazinzulu - indawo kumacandelo ophezulu teknoloji kuqoqosho; KaRhulumente Chamber of the Russian Federation.

ulawulo Scientific kwakhona kuthatha isithuba kolu luhlu: MIPT rhandza (eli ziko edume iza kuxoxwa ngokwahlukileyo), benza nano-, anayiphi, iteknoloji yokuqonda kunye nolwazi; ISebe of Physics of nanosystems Moscow State University, iSebe of iindlela physics yenyukliya SPSU uphando; ISebe Physics MIPT yentsebenziswano radiation; Wafundisa njengoko unjingalwazi kwi-Faculty of Science of izinto MSU. Yena usekela-sihlalo RAS, nto leyo ukwenza By.

kananjalo

UMikhail Kovalchuk nguye umhleli oyintloko we "Crystallography", iijenali emfundo, kunye nosekela umhleli oyintloko kwijenali yenzululwazi kunye igama elide "ngaphezulu. Izifundo X-ray." Popular inkqubo isayensi TV uMikhail Kovalchuk kwi kwijelo wesihlanu ebizwa ngokuba "Imbali Ngekamva."

Yena USihlalo we-National Committee of Crystallography le-Russian Federation; RSNE; NKRK. Kwakhona ilungu AAAS (American Umbutho wophuhliso of Science), kwicandelo ye physics.

kwimisebenzi yezobunzululwazi

izazinzulu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba Academy of Sciences Kovalchuk yaba yinxalenye enkulu izazinzulu kwi kuhlalutyo X-ray, kodwa hayi ukudala nenzululwazi entsha, okanye igalelo vnosshim ukuya nezinye izifundo zesayensi. Ingxelo wamazwi zexabiso laseGalili obafunyanwa zenzululwazi ezininzi ezifana nolawulo, ezoqoqosho, pedagogy, inzululwazi kwezopolitiko, ibhayoloji, theory ngokobuhlanga kunye nembali (owu, indlela umdla apha ziqonde Russian zofuzo zabantu!) - yinto nje ukuba kukunyaba banal, izazinzulu zikholelwa ubuthathaka ubuntu ebalaseleyo hayi amaNazi, hayi Lysenko.

Nazo zonke ezi ntsilelo, izazinzulu zikholelwa RAS uMikhail Kovalchuk, abantu abaninzi abanengqondo nezinesidima kuzo zonke iintloko yenzululwazi Russian. Kwakhona Bathi kuphuculo olwenziwe kwintsimi zabo ezahlukeneyo zabantu ngokupheleleyo ukuba izindululo yakhe ayiqhutywa, kodwa Kovalchuk ungquzulwano ne-RAS wazuza ngokubanzi.

ITEP

Izazinzulu kwi-Institute of theory and wokulinga Physics ngokubetha alarm: xa ekhalazela ukutshintshwa amaziko zomthonyama phantsi kwephiko Kurchatov Institute kwaye phantsi kobunkokheli Mihaila Kovalchuka. Ngo-2012, oko bade wadala site "Save ITEP" apho iincwadi kuthunyelwa kubo bonke abezopolitiko Russian, inkulumbuso nomongameli. Ngaphezu kwewaka izazinzulu ezisayiniweyo kubo, nesahlulo sesithathu abasebenzi Institute lwezenzululwazi. Utyikitye isicelo nokuba Nobel Prize winners aseMelika, ucinga ITEP elinye lamaziko eziphambili ehlabathini.

Kule leta bathi ukuba esi senzo kulingana ukuba eUnited States zivaliwe phantsi NASA, kwaye eJamani - Max Planck Institute. Nantso uhlobo isikali ukuba iziko - ITEP ezisekelwe Lophando Nuclear-1945, esebenze kwi "Rosatom". Ngaphandle inxalenye yakhe Kurchatov Institute zadityaniswa nezinye iinkokheli ezimbini kwicandelo Biology kunye Institute of Physics. Injongo kokudityaniswa enjalo, izazinzulu ezithi ukubona indalo ngamanye imbono ye-Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician uMikhail Kovalchuk bahlulekile ukuba. Intloko ngaphandle Academy of Sciences igama akunakwenzeka.

enye imbono

Imeko ngokunxulumene kwihlazo enkonzweni cofa Kurchatov Institute engazange ngokwenene wathi, wayebhekisela kwinto yokuba wawandisa amandla lizwe kuphela ufuna ukuba bafumane zibe zezala maxesha oluzinzileyo, kodwa ukuphumeza idabi zeteknoloji kumacala enye okanye ezininzi ngexesha elinye. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ulwazi oluqokelelweyo akaluniki uMikhail Kovalchuk, isihloko komphathi ngempumelelo. Iimbono utsalela luhlaza, koko, enkulu, ingakumbi ngokubhekiselele kwiinkqubo By anthropomorphic hybrid (iirobhothi).

Uphando lwenziwa, kodwa iziphumo eningenakukholwa kobu bomi, akulindelekanga ukuba thina, mhlawumbi kwindawo elandelayo. ulwazi Injongo apho ugwetywa impumelelo yomsebenzi zenzululwazi - inani iincwadi. Uhlahlo-mali Kurchatov Institute kuphela 2012 ngaphaya engange billion asixhenxe, ngoku, kakade, ngaphezulu. Noko ke, ukuba ungaphantsi kakhulu kwinani iimpapasho kwiiyunivesithi ezininzi kangaka kunye nenani ngamaziko ophando. Ngaphezu koko, lo ungumzekeliso ozise exesheni ulawulo Kurchatov Institute Kovalchuk wawa kakhulu kunene.