Uluhlu Black kweebhanki Russian

Kwezi nyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo i Russian ukuhexa zebhanki ekuhlaleni: enye izihloko ezingundoqo ngxoxo yaba egcina eziphezu Blekhlista umthumeli. Yintoni na le luhlu, yaye yintoni esongela lombutho angangeni kwizintlu hlobo?

iibhanki zokuqala Blekhlista wabonakala phantse-10 eminyaka eyadlulayo, yaye ngehlobo lowe-2004. Ke Central Bank baqhube enye nkampani yokuqala jikelele "lokucoca" ye zebhanki zasekhaya abadlali ezingalungile. LabakwaWalker phezu blacklists network yenza yokungathembani efanayo emarikeni of ozalwa liboleke abanye, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ekulahlekeni amatyala zibhanki eziliqela amancinci naphakathi. Ngenxa yoko, imibutho eliqela baye balahlekelwa iimvume zabo, kodwa yomlawuli ikwazile ukugcina phantsi kolawulo loo meko kunye nokuthintela udaka bankruptcies.

usukela banga

Phakathi-Novemba 2013 yaba iliza wokuqala namarhe innuendo malunga uzinzo lwamaziko athile ngetyala. Intloko ye-Central Bank Elvira Nabiullina ngexesha lonke udliwano umohlwayileyo le nkcazelo, ngaphandle bakhathele, nokwenza, ukuba umlawuli engaganwanga ekwenzeni yokumisa-uluhlu. Indawo efanayo kwabelwana nguMbutho of Banks Russian, zange ayamkele into yokuba ubukho blacklists.

Imbonakalo nkcazelo ubunkokeli Central Bank kunye ARB ucacisa iinyaniso kukhuphiswano unfair kwi kwicandelo logcino, kunokwenzeka impendulo ngakwicala abathengi enkulu iibhanki liqhuba imisebenzi imali ngokungekho semthethweni, kwakunye umnqweno ezinye kubaboleki enkulu musa ukuhlawula amatyala amakhulu emva ukurhoxiswa-mvume abaye kwenziwa.

Winter 2014: kunexesha lako iibhanki

Ubhengezo yaba ezinye iziphumo, kodwa inkoliso baseRashiya imiso baqalisa ekufumaneni ulwazi malunga iibhanki ezi kuluhlu emnyama iquka umhla wangoku. Nangona yangoku kwenkqubo ye-inshorensi idipozithi, abanye abatyali-zimali bakhetha ukurhoxisa imali yabo ukusuka kwimibutho ezinokuba yingxaki. IiNtloko iinkampani akhawunti e kwiibhanki, ukubanjwa kwizintlu ngokubanzi nabo bakhetha baphethe kuzo imali.

Kungekudala, zasebhange ezininzi, sikhumbula edumileyo ethi imali uthanda cwaka, wayeka ukuba bachaze isihloko blacklists. Ukuba iintatheli bakwazi ukufumana ulwazi ngalo mba, kuye eliso libi kakhulu kwaye azingqinelani.

Zizonke iingcali mpendulo wanciphiswa ibinzana classical: "Live - abone". Ngokukodwa, unobhala press of "SMP Bank" Igor Ilyukhin kudliwano-ndlebe with "Bankir.ru" wathi yena kuye blacklists-3, eyayinesihloko, kubandakanywa nemibutho kunye mvume № 1481, oko kukuthi, "Sberbank Russia. "

A kangako bayaphika ulwazi

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezinye zeebhanki ezidweliswe kuluhlu emnyama, ngoko ngokwenene abalahlekelwe ilayisenisi yaso. Omnye izintlu eziqulathe imibutho 48, yapapashwa ngoDisemba 4, 2013. Ukususela ngoku kude kuye ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala ka-2014 zaye mvume beebhanki 12 ezibe kuluhlu irhoxiswe. Phakathi "umfi bafa":

• Disemba 2013 - "Project Financing Bank", "yibhanki utyalo-mali", "lwemasti-Bank", "ESmolensk", "Askold".
• Januwari 2014 - "Bank My".
• Februwari 2014 - "Link-Bank", "Eurotrust".
• Matshi 2014 - "Russian Land Bank", "dwala", "Sovincom", "ishishini amandla".

Ngenxa yoko, ulwazi malunga nemeko embi zemali kunye namathuba sokuchitha mvume kwikota kwamaziko yekhredithi evela Blekhlista kuqinisekiswa kuphela iinyanga ezine. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uluhlu ekhankanywe abamnyama beebhanki Russian wenziwa ngenxa yolwazi lwangaphakathi ezikhoyo kubahleli yayo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba sisiphumo uhlalutyo ngokucokisekileyo izalathisi eziphambili kumaziko amahlanu credit zasekhaya. Kulo mzekelo, umntu kuphela bewuxabisa umthamo kumsebenzi owenziweyo kunye nokunyaniseka iziphumo.

Umbutho we kweliso iibhanki ...

CB (ngaphakathi uMthetho Federal № 86-FZ) longamela imizi egcina imali, inkqubo yemali mboleko okoko, kwaye umkhondo iintengiselwano ibitheni zombutho kunye nabathengi. Ukungqinelana neemfuno yomlawuli kuthunyelwa kuzo zonke iibhanki kwi Central Bank iingxelo imicimbi, uze wenze oko ngendlela ngexesha qho uqhubeke.

I-Central Bank rhoqo uhlola onke amaziko ngetyala. Ngaphezu koko, uhlolo olubanzi ngayo nayiphi na ibhanki iya kuba ngaphantsi kwe-1 nexesha kwiminyaka emi-3. Ngeli uhlolo uhlolisisa ngocoselelo ubungakanani kunye nolwakhiwo lwe-asethi, amatyala aloo iziko lamatyala, izinto ezikhethekileyo okuluphawu uyazinza. Ukongeza ukuya koko kuntsonkothileyo; kodwa kukwakho uhlolo weendawo, nto leyo maxa wambi kwenzeka izihlandlo eziliqela ngonyaka.

Ukongezelela kweliso, "i-Central Bank", "iliso Financial" - kwi-sikhokelo ekuphumezeni iimfuno uMthetho 115-FZ - wamkela imihla kusuka kwiindonga amashumi amawaka imiyalezo malunga nemisebenzi eqhubekayo kubo, ukuba banxibe nantoni na. Akucaci ukuba yintoni injongo uza zonke ezi imfumba lolwazi, ukuba ayikho ukhuthaza ukwamkelwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo amaziko mboleko ezihlambela iimfuno mthetho.

... kunye neziphumo zawo

Kukho imbono yokuba iibhanki ukuba siwele uluhlu abamnyama, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo kwi-Central Bank phantsi kolawulo ezizodwa. Eneneni, imeko yezimali kwibhanki nganye kukulawula neengcaphephe Kucacile kwaye ziqondakale. Xa oku kunokwenzeka kwixesha elifutshane ukutshintsha nangayiphi na indlela ebalulekileyo. Kuyenzeka ukuba, ngokusekelwe ulwazi lafumana Central Bank olunokudala kakuhle uluhlu wakho abamnyama iibhanki, leyo ngokuqhelekileyo ukufumana umbutho imfuneko yokomeleza iimbopheleleko zabo.

I-Central Bank uluhlu lwezixhobo oluxandileyo, ukunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwiziko lamatyala nokuthintela yimali wayo, kwaye ukurhoxiswa-mvume logcino - lo ngumlinganiselo kakhulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, yonke kwimeko enjalo ke isiphako yeengcali zolawulo indawo, "i-Central Bank".

Ngenxa yoko, sezizathu eziphambili kukuba neziphumo zokuchithwa-mvume ye ezininzi egcina imali, i-Central Bank iifowuni ukunika iingxelo zobuxoki, ekwenzeni umgaqo ngetyala ophezulu umngcipheko, kwakunye non-inzaliseko nemimiselo elawula imisebenzi yabo.

izenzo nkomoni iyingozi kwabagcinisi

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Blekhlista balibhengeza yeebhanki (ngo-2014), imbonakalo yawo kwaphucula abakhuphisana. Ngokukodwa, umsimelelo amanye amaziko aphambili ngetyala wabongoza nabathengi ukutshintshela imali kwiibhanki ukuba aniwa ibekwe kwizintlu mvume sokuchitha.

Umlawuli ukungathandi ukuphendula umbuzo yokufumana njani uluhlu abamnyama beebhanki, kwakunye nokunqongophala kolwazi enokuthenjwa imeko yokwenene amaziko credit baye bawela kulo, kwakhokelela transfer omkhulu yesibambiso abemi iibhanki kunye nenxaxheba karhulumente. Kuphela IV ngekota ka-2013 umthamo iidiphozithi zabemi kwi "Savings Bank" zinyuke nge-7.8% ebhankini "VTB" - nge-4.7%.

Ukubaluleka inkqubo yovavanyo

Ingaba kukho naziphi na iibhanki ezithile kuluhlu abamnyama ye-Central Bank, okanye enoba iphefumlelwe yenye inkampani ngu ukhululo lemarike ukususela khuphiswano, ngoku ke kubaluleke kangaka. Kodwa ukusekwa koluhlu "white" sele isaziso ngokusemthethweni.

Ekupheleni kuka-2013 i-Central Bank iye yaphuhliswa iikhrayitheriya eziya kumiselwa ekuthiwa-iibhanki ngokucwangcisekileyo ebalulekileyo. The main Indlela ecetywayo njengoko Ubukhulu yempahla msebenzi kwimarike ozalwa (ngokwahlukileyo - njengombolekisi kwaye umboleki) kwaye umthamo iidipozithi zabucala.

Ngokusekelwe kwezi zalathisi iyavezwa zokuhlala "eshwankathela umphumo 'ixabiso leyo ibonisa ngesidanga ukubaluleka yebhanki kwinkqubo logcino Russian. Uluhlu yonyaka iya kubandakanya abo amaziko credit "njini japan" ogama lidlula 0.6.

"White" kuluhlu

Eyona contenders siphambili indawo kuluhlu lwamaziko ngokucwangcisekileyo ebalulekileyo zeentengo zemboleko karhulumente-iibhanki: Savings Bank, "VTB", "Bank Agricultural", "Gazprombank" kunye nabanye. Olu ludwe ukufumana iibhanki zabucala ezifana ezinkulu, njengokuba "Alfa-Bank", "PSB", "NOMOS Bank", "Bank of eMoscow". Kucacile ukuba ubukho kuluhlu "white" yenza kube lula ukufikelela kwiziko lamatyala ukuba imithombo karhulumente, ingakumbi Central Bank for mboleko kunye nenxaxheba kwifkunyeesi ilungelo ukusingatha imali ebekiweyo bemibutho ngurhulumente aphantsi kunye karhulumente-owned.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba ungene uluhlu enjalo ingqalelo awongezelelekileyo okufumana imisebenzi yolawulo eqhubekayo. Bakholelwa ukuba ezinye iibhanki zabucala kuya kunciphisa inani lemisebenzi yeshishini, ukuba kude ingqalelo kakhulu ye-Central Bank.

Iimfuno ezintsha ukuba ukuthembeka beebhanki, esebenza ngemali karhulumente

Ekupheleni kweyoKwindla kulo nyaka oko kwazeka ukuba yoMphathiswa wezeMali kunye noRhulumente Russian Federation abanenjongo ukuhlaziya uluhlu kweebhanki apho imibutho karhulumente luya kuvunyelwa kwixesha elizayo ukufaka imali zabo. Ngokutsho projekthi kuphuhliswa "Bank of Russia", iinkampani zikarhulumente ziya kuba nako ukubeka imali okwethutyana free kuphela kwezo mibutho, ngokukala lakhe ixesha elide alithe gangqa BBB (ngokuthi Fitch or Standard & Poor kaThixo version) okanye Baa3 (ngokutsho Moody kaThixo) ngokungqinelana nemiqathango iidiphozithi ezibekwe.

kubalondolozi Russian asabela ngayo ezintsha ngaphandle ngothakazelelo, wabona enye inkampani ngenjongo ukuzalisa uluhlu ongamiselwanga abamnyama kweebhanki ngamaziko amatyala, ngasizathu sithile musa ukuba amanqaku kwezi arhente. Umbono jikelele oluntu yebhanki ichazwe-ndlebe kunye iphephandaba "Izvestia" ummeli FBK Roman Königsberg. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ingcamango yokubekwa kwemali karhulumente kwiibhanki ethembekileyo, njengokuba lonke isandi kwaye ilungile, kodwa ukusetyenziswa aphezulu ngamazwe njengoko njengekhrayitheriya yovavanyo zaseprayimari ubukhulu becala moot.

iimpawu rankings

nemvume Long-term ezakha "big abathathu", uye kuphela 78 kwiibhanki zasekhaya. Ngaphezu koko, iireyithingi ngamazwe ubukhulu becala luluvo, bathabatha ngakumbi ingqalelo imeko-nkqubo angaphandle, kunokuba simo kwiziko lamatyala. Agency - phantsi koxinzelelo izakhiwo ezithile Western - unakho ngalo naliphi na ixesha arhoxise iireyithingi eyabelwe kubo, nto leyo eya kubangela ubunzima obukhulu yeebhanki Russian inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente.

Iimfuno ukuqinisa olucwangcisiweyo imibutho mlinganiselo ngetyala kufuneka kukhokelela ekuthotyweni kwenani yeefandesi nxaxheba imali malunga nesiqingatha. Ngokutsho kwezinye kuqikelelo abaziingcali, ukuba ngotyefezo ezinjalo ekugqibeleni baya kuvunyelwa malunga kwiibhanki elinesibini ezintathu. Kucacile ukuba imibutho ukuba sele ziphelisiwe ukusuka ukhuphiswano ezibubutyebi bukarhulumente, ngokuzenzekelayo kuthetha ukuba i "kuluhlu abamnyama yeebhanki 2014" ezintsha.

Yintoni elandelayo?

Kwikota yesibini ka-2014, iingcali kwangaphambili, izinga 'ukuhlanjululwa "kwemarike logcino i ukwehla kancinci, kodwa umsebenzi ekuchongweni imibutho eziyingxaki iza kuqhubeka. Umzekelo, ngo-Aprili 17, baye balahlekelwa iimvume zabo omnye iibhanki zengingqi 2: Dagestan "lweCaspian" kunye Bashkir "AF Bank". Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba la maziko ngetyala engafakwanga kuluhlu abamnyama beebhanki, ngenxa yokuba Kukudleka simo, kwaye iingxaki eziphambili baqala kuphela ngo-2014. Ngokutsho ezinye iingqikelelo abaziingcali, 2014 ziya kuphulukana mvume abo malunga amahlanu iibhanki.