Indlela yokudibanisa i-SIP ku-SIP? Imigaqo kunye nezinto

Inkqubo kunye nobuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe bokuzixhasa ezizimeleyo (SIP) zaphuhliswa ngaphezu kwehafu yesibini edlulileyo ngeenjini zeenkampani zaseFinland ngokuncediswa ngabakhiqizi bezixhobo zombane njengenye indlela kwiingcingo ze-alu aluminium kunye neenkqubo zentambo. Ukufakwa kwemijelo enjalo ayifuni ukuzenza izakhono ezizodwa. Ngokuphawulekayo kulula ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yezobuchwepheshe: ukubeka kwiinkxaso, ukudibanisa i-SIP kwi-SIP, kumigqa yamandla ekhoyo, kubasebenzisi.

Iintlobo kunye neempawu zobugcisa

Okwangoku, imarike yezixhobo zombane iveza iinguqu ezahlukahlukeneyo zeseyili ezizixhasa: ukusuka kwi-SIP-1 - inguqu yee-four-wire ne-core-carrier ye-380 V amanethiwekhi - kwiinkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kubandakanya abaphathi bokulawula, kunye ne-SIP-3, elinganiswe kwi-35 kV. Ukuqhawulwa kwempahla, njengomthetho, kwenziwe nge-polyethylene edibeneyo emzimbeni onqanyaniswe nemisebe ye-ultraviolet, imithanjeni ephetheyo yangoku ukusuka kwicandelo eli-16 ukuya kwi-150 mm ^2- ukusuka kwi-alloyum alloy. I-SIP yenjongo ekhethekileyo ikhiqizwa: itywinwe (i-SIPg), ingaxhasi ukushisa (SIPN) nabanye.

Izinto zokunxibelelana kweCIP

I-brand nganye yocingo ineempawu zayo kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ukulungelelaniswa okusetyenziswayo ukunyuka kunokwaluhluke. Ngeenjongo zokusebenza, zonke izinto ziyakwazi ukwahlula ngamaqela amaninzi:

1. Ukuxinwa okuphakathi, ama-hook kunye ne-brackets, i-anchor clamps, izinto ezinamathelwano ezijoliswe ekulungiseni iingcingo zokuxhasa, izakhi zesakhiwo, izakhiwo zokwakha, ukuhanjiswa kunye nezixhobo zokufakelwa.
2. Iifom Zisetyenziselwa ukudala ukudibanisa kunye neendlela zesebe, ukuxhuma iiCIP kwiinkonzo kunye nabathengi.
3. Iikiti zentsimbi, izixhobo zokukhusela, izinto zokufaka izinto zokufaka izinto.
4. Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokufakela.

Ukuveliswa kwezinto eziphathekayo, insimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu kunye neengubo zokulwa nokubola kunye neepolym ezichasene nemimoya yezulu kunye ne-UV radiation zisetyenziswa.

Konke ngemithetho!

Iimfuneko kunye nemigangatho yokubeka imida engapheliyo (VLI) ichazwe kwimiqulu evamile "ULP ukuya kwi-1kV", iqulunqwe ngesiseko seMigaqo yoMbane ye-Ukraine (iMithetho yokufakela ukufakelwa kombane), ngokuqwalasela imimiselo ye-SNiPs kunye ne-GOST zangoku. Kwi-PU, ubuncinane obude bemida ye-VLI emhlabeni wonke, iindlela zeendlela, iindlela zokuhamba, iindonga kunye nophahla lwezakhiwo, iiifestile kunye ne-balconi. Imiyalelo ecacileyo inikwe indlela yokufaka nokukhusela umgca wonikezelo lwamandla, imithetho yokuxhuma i-SIP, izixhobo zokukhusela i-overvoltage kunye nezixhobo ezisemgangathweni.

Ubuncinci bokuphila kwenkxaso yocingo oluxhasayo, ngokutsho kwabavelisi, uneminyaka engama-25, kwaye ubomi obuninzi buba malunga no-40. Inzuzo enkulu yalo mgca womoya yinkcitho yokunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi ngexesha lokufakwa, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa.

Umgca ophezulu

Kwindlela yokulungiselela imisebenzi eyintloko, acacisa ummandla wamasebe amakhulu emithi nemithi, ukukhulula isikhala sokufaka izixhaswa, ukulungelelanisa nokwelula i-SIP. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, iibakaki zee-wire zifakwe kwiinkxaso ezisemhlabeni. Ukufakelwa kwemigca engaphezulu kufuneka kwenziwe kwimeko yokushisa ephezulu -10 ° C. I-SIP ifakwe kwisalathisi esebenzisa inkqubo yoqhaqha kunye nentambo yokubambisana. Emva koko, i-winch ilula ngokulula kwaye ikulungiselele iingcingo kwi-span nganye. Umbane wokulawulwa ulawulwa yi-dynamometer (ixabiso lokuxhatshazwa ngokufanelekileyo liboniswe kwiitheyibhile kwimiba nganye kunye necandelo eliphambili le-SIP, kwimiqulu yobuchwepheshe ehambayo). Ngelo xesha, ixabiso le-sag lihlolwe ngeso. Ukuba ubude bomgwaqo omkhulu bungaphezu kweemitha ezili-100 kwaye i-cross-section of the veins ngu-50 mm ² , imisebenzi ekhankanywe ngentla yenziwe ngoncedo lweendlela zokuchonga.

Kwizixhasi ezigqithiseleyo zishiywe emva kwee-latches zokukhululwa kwefowuni ukudibanisa amacandelo angaphambili kunye naso alandelayo kumgca wamandla.

Iinkcukacha kunye namasebe

Iziqhelo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo, eziqhelekileyo ezininzi zombane, ziye zatshintshwa zixhobo ezizodwa zokuxhumela kwiinkqubo ezizixhasayo-izixhobo zokubhoboza izifo. Ngoncedo lwabo, ngaphandle kokususwa kwe-insulation kubonakala ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqinisekileyo kwaye, ngokubaluleke kakhulu, kukhuselekile ukwenza ukhonxibelelwano lwe-SIP kwi-trunk ye-SIP, kwiifowuni ze-aluminium ezibonakalayo okanye kwizixhobo eziphumayo. Indlela yokwenza uqhagamshelwano olufanelekileyo luqulethwe ngamacwecwe enamazinyo e-pyramidal kunye nesiphontsho sokubamba nge-stall head (ininzi idla ngo-13 okanye 17 mm). Kwiimpawu ezikhoyo zanamhlanje, ukuxhunywa kombane phakathi kwamacwecwe kunye nentloko akafakiwe, ngoko ke, umculi angenza umsebenzi ngekhwali elifanelekileyo ngaphandle kokunciphisa uxinzelelo. Emzimbeni, uqiniswe ngumbumba we-fiberglass, amacandelo eembondlo kunye nezesebe apho i-clamp ejoliswe kuyo ibonisiwe.

Ukufakwa kwamasebe

Isebe labathengi lenziwe ngumgca womoya okanye i-cable phantsi komhlaba. Xa ukhenkceza imizi yangasese, indlela yokuqala isetyenziswa rhoqo. Ukuxhumela, ungasebenzisa i-SIP-4 (ngaphandle komphathi we-zero-core). I-anchor yokukhawuleza kunye ne-clamp yocingo iqhutywe kwisakhiwo esikhulu esiseduze. Xa udibanisa i-SIP kumgca ophezulu (kuphela emva kokuba iingcingo zifakwe kwikhuselo!) Sebenzisa ezi zixhobo ezicatshulwe ngasentla. I-clamp yesibili ibhalwa eludongeni lwesakhiwo (kwindawo ephakamileyo engekho ngaphantsi kwe-2.75 m) kwaye idonsa umnxeba. Ukuba umgama ungaphezu kweemitha ezingama-25, kuyimfuneko ukufaka inkxaso eyongezelelweyo kunye nezixhobo zokuxhaswa (ezingekho ngaphezu kwe-10 m ukusuka kwisakhiwo). Ukuphakama kwentambo ukusuka emhlabathini ophakathi kweenkxaso kufuneka kube ubuncinane ubuncinane beemitha ezili-6. Ngokubhekiselele kwimimiselo yokuqhubela phambili umgca ukusuka kwinqanaba lokumisela ukuya ebhodini lokungena kwiingqungquthela zombane, iingxabano ezingabonakaliyo kunye neziphikisayo ziyaqhutywa. Iyintoni intsingiselo yenkinga?

Ukuxhuma i-CIP endlwini

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, xa ibhodi yombane ikhona eludongeni lwangaphandle lwesakhiwo, phantse ingabangeli imbambano - i-SIP icetyiswa ngokusebenza kwisitrato esicatshuweyo okanye sekhebula esicwangcisiweyo kwisigcawu, kufakwa kwikhuselo kwaye ixhunywe kwi-automaton yegalelo. Yaye ukuba iphaneli yombane ingaphakathi kwigumbi? Kule meko, oombane, ngokwemiqathango yabo, bayahlula kwiinkampu ezimbini ezingenakuxhamla.

Iyokuqala yokuthi i-SIP inokungena ngqo kumngxuma eludongeni kunye nesimboli esaphambi kweso sakhiwo okanye iplastiki ukuze ingenise ngaphakathi kweso sakhiwo kwaye emva kwesohlwayo-kwikhuselo. Abachasi babo bathi iingcingo ezizimelayo zijoliswe kuphela ekubekeni kwemizila engaphezulu kwaye ukufakwa kwe-SIP kuyakuchaphazeleka kakhulu ngokuqhagamshelana rhoqo kunye nomda wodonga kunye nemithwalo yemishini kwaye ayikwazi ukubonelela ngokukhuselekileyo kombane kunye nomlilo ngaphakathi. Ngako ke, kufuphi ne-SIP yekhonkco lokumisela, ibhokisi elitywinwe kunye nebhokisi lokugcina okanye isiphahlali seesiphaluka kufuneka ifakwe, kwaye ukusuka apho kufuneka isele ixhunywe kwisakhiwo ngekhebula (umzekelo, iVVGG).

Ngubani o lungile?

Ezi zimbini zikhethi ziqhelekileyo kwaye aziphakamisi izikhalazo kwimibutho yokubeka iliso xa usamkela isakhiwo. Abakhiqizi abaninzi beemveliso zekhebula baye bahlakulela zabo iinkcukacha zabo kwaye baqulunqa umveliso we-CIP-5ng wire, ngokweziqinisekiso zabo, ezilungiselelwe ukufakwa kwangaphakathi. Kodwa ukuba uyilandela ngokwenene iileta zamaphepha okulawula (i-PUE ne-GOST R 52373-205), ngoko ke ukhetho lwesibini ngokufakela ibhokisi edibeneyo edibeneyo ibonakala ngakumbi.

Ngoku ihlala kuphela ukuxhuma i-SIP kwi-SIP kwinkxaso yenkxaso ngoncedo lomqhopho wokubhoboza. Kuhleli ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezi zixhobo zicetyiswa ukuba zisetyenziswe kanye kuphela, nangona ezinye izilungiso ziye zatshatyalaliswa.

Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa

Ubomi beefowuni ezixhasayo kunye nezixhobo zokubambisa ezivakaliswe ngabavelisi ngokudibanisa ucingo oluxhasayo ozinzileyo kwi-wire insulated wire are years 40. Kwimeko yesondlo, njengoko kunjalo, ezo nkqubo azidingeki. Kwanele ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa kweso sihlandlo. Ukuba, ngexesha elifanayo, ukuphulwa kobugqwetha bengubo yokuqhawula okanye iimboqo zifunyenwe, kuya kufuneka ukuba wenze umsebenzi wokulungisa.

Umvuthwandaba onobungozi obonakalisiweyo uhlukaniswe kwisiqhelo esivakalayo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezikhethiweyo okanye izixhobo eziphuculweyo ezenziwe ngetekisi yetshefu kunye nocingo oluphindwe kabini lwe-tape e-insulating lusetyenziselwa kwindawo engalunganga.

Nangona umonakalo kumqhubi ophetheyo (ukufikelela kwi-2 m ubude), eli candelo lifakwa endaweni yocingo entsha, efana necandelo eliphambili kunye nebakala. Ukuqhagamshelana kwenziwa kunye nezixhobo zokubhoboza. Ngobude obude, kucetyiswa ngakumbi ukutshintshela yonke imisonto (okanye i-tourniquet).

Ukufakelwa okusemgangathweni kunye nokulungiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo - isiqinisekiso sokunikezelwa kwamandla okungenakunikwa kwesiza.