Ukwakhiwa kophahla ngezandla zakhe: omsebenzi osemqoka, ubuchwepheshe kunye neziphakamiso

Ukwakhiwa kophahla evame abanini propati ngokwabo. Xa kufikwa apho uyilo gable, inikeza lula ukusebenza kunye nofakelo. Loo inkqubo angaba ethembekileyo izakhiwo athwale yaye ukongeza isithuba ngaphezulu egumbini ngalinye, ukuba isakhiwo lwangaphakathi lichanekile, ingakumbi ngokuphathelele le angle ngokupheleleyo ethambekeni.

Ukukhetha indlela

Ukwakhiwa uhlobo kophahla gable, unako ukusebenzisa elakho ukuba unazo izakhono ukusebenza iinkuni yaye iikhonsepthi yezikimu yoyilo lobunjineli. inxaxheba kwinkqubo yabasebenzi-olunzulu kufuneka athathe uncedo abantu abambalwa nabakulungeleyo ukwamkela. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi izakhiwo bi-uphahla. Phambi kokuba ugqibe uze ukhethe ilungelo, kufuneka ucinge ukuba uya kuba phantsi kophahla - isithuba ophilayo okanye eliphezulu. Uphahla Gable unokuba naslonnoy okanye isakhiwo ejingayo. umahluko yabo ixhomekeke obandayo nokugcina izinto.

ulenga Truss

Ukwakhiwa kophahla enokwenziwa ngokusekelwe kulwakhiwo ejingayo truss. Ukuba indlu akukho imigoqo eyinkunzi, inkqubo truss kufuneka ibe ndayame kuphela eludongeni kwicala usebenzisa i ejinga uyilo lula. Nakangangokuba unakho, xa umgama phakathi kweendonga lilingana kuluhlu m-6 ukuya ku-14 ka. Imiqadi isisitheliso liya kubonelela nge umthwalo umxhelo kwicala engundoqo eludongeni. Ukunciphisa ukuba ukusebenzisa izinto oxwesileyo nokunqamlezisa kokuxhuma. Baya ukulungisa imiqadi bodwa yaye la magama alandelayo:

• buyaqhubeka;
• imivalo;
• braces;
• ugogo.

Ukukhetha izinto

Izinto ezixhasa inkqubo ezinokuthi zigxunyekwe umqadi ube mnye xitsunga okanye uphahla nanini na. Ngokomzekelo, emazantsi emiqadini kungenziwa akhiwe ukuqinisa eziya kusebenza imiqadi floor. Kuba oku kuyakhukhumalisa kunye kubekwa ekhethiweyo billet elingqingqwa, okuyinene ukuba ityala xa eliphezulu kuba yindawo yethu yokuhlala. Ukwakhiwa uphahla kubandakanya ukufakwa izixhaso, apho ibhodi kufuneka ubukhulu 55 x 200 mm.

Indlela yomsebenzi

Ezindongeni umthwalo-zithwele malungana kufuneka abulawe amanzi, njengoko inokufana izinto nophahla, kuyimfuneko ukuba abeke ngokwemaleko eziliqela. mauerlat Top fixed, esetyenziswa kule nkqubo iiankile kuyimfuneko. Le nxalenye na uhlobo umqadi ube namandla, nto leyo iya kuxhaswa kunye kubekwa ezisisigxina. Kuyo le bar ngokuqinisa eziya kusebenza yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa floor.

Kuba mauerlat ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa bar kwecandelo square zinamacala mm 120 okanye 150. Lempundu ukuba mauerlat nokunyuswa ukusuka mm 500 ukuya-600 kwi imiqadi lokuzala eludongeni eDibanisa okuninzi, nto leyo eya kuba phantsi kophahla. Kuba ukhuseleko kunye nentuthuzelo kwi imiqadi abeke ibhodi. Oku kuya kunika iqonga liya kuba apho kunokwenzeka ukudibanisa imiqadi.

Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu, uphahla apho has a uyilo gable, inika ambaxa ezisekele enye ngeendlela ezimbini. Eyokuqala ibandakanya iikona ukusika neepleyiti nisondelelane okanye amacwecwe ngamaplanga. Indlela yesibini ibandakanya ukuyilwa vee kwi eziphelweni emiqadini. Ayanda yoko olwenziwe iibholiti. Iinkcukaca abe eqiniselweendlwini, iibholiti ukuba ngqongqo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuyilwa vee inkunkuma, ngoko walutshixa imiqadi, obu bugcisa kuthiwa ukudlulela lwemidlalo.

amacebiso Professional

Enye iinkqubo ibalulekileyo indlu uphahla. Ukwakhiwa uphahla kunika ukuveza kwi mauerlat imiqadi ezimbini zokuqala emva kokuba ziqhotyoshelwe apha. Ukusuka kwezi imisebenzi kuxhomekeke evenness yezinye emiqadini. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ezi zinto ziye zabekwa ngokuchanekileyo, bafanele balungiselele vee eziyokuma ku imiqadi mauerlat ubuninzi ngqongqo kakhulu.

Ukuze ukunika ngqongqo eyongezelelweyo imiqadi, ukongeza ukuya kwiindawo zokubeka kufuneka basebenzise ezimbombeni zesinyithi, izinto besebenzisa kubo incamathele mauerlat ngezikhonkwane. Kamsinya nje kwisibini sokuqala imiqadi efakwe, iqela efanayo kwicala lesibini sakhiwo. Phakathi kwezi zinto na tensioned Intambo uya kwenza inqanaba. Ngokutsho kuyo, kufuneka ube level zonke iplagi truss. Phakathi umqadi emva ufakelo ukulungisa umqadi kummango, nto leyo iqhele ngezantsi.

Kubalulekile Yintoni ukukhumbula xa besebenza

Ezisekele efakwe ukuqinisa. Ukuba igumbi lo uhleliyo, umqadi kufuneka bhubhane phezulu ukuba wenza isiseko eluphahleni. Uyilo kunye nokwakhiwa uphahla kwiminyaka yakutshanje liya kwenziwa ngumnini propati ngokwabo. Ukuba uceba ukwenza igumbi oqhelekileyo yokugcina, zisancumisa kufuneka zifakwe ngezantsi kwaye usebenzise izinto nokubethelela ngokutsho uhlobo kumathambeka okanye nezinye izinto eziya ukuqhagamshela yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa kunye nophahla.

Zonke unxulumano kufuneka nayo inikezwe ngenxa ngezikhonkwane ngqongqo okanye izikhonkwane, ngokunjalo ukwandisa njengesisaza ezityiwa iikona okanye iipleyiti zesinyithi. Xa igqityiwe inkqubo truss, ibhodi equka emgangathweni, kufuneka ziqinisiwe okanye wabethelelwa yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa, ngoko uyakwazi ukuqhubeka ukucwangcisa bangaphakathi kunye nabangaphandle.

Izixhobo kophahla soft

Ukwakhiwa kophahla ethambileyo, ungaqalisa inyathelo elilandelayo. Ukuze wenze oku, ukulungiselela izixhobo:

• imela;
• isando;
• hacksaw;
• ipensile;
• okuphumelela;
• nesimbo.

Umsebenzi ayifuni izakhono ezizodwa. Njengoko izinto egubungele zingasetyenziswa ithayile ethambileyo eli nalibekelwayo nge-engile utyekelo kuluhlu ukusuka °-12 ukuya kwi-90. Le izinto enobunzima ephantsi, ngoko musa ukunika umthwalo elikhulu eluphahleni. Xa Inyathelo lokuqala ukulungiselela isiseko ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kule:

• Esika ibhodi;
• OSB;
• ngamaplanga sheets.

Xa indima iimeko eziphambili sikhetha ukudaleka kumphezulu ngokugqibeleleyo tyaba. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umoya isikhewu. ubungakanani bayo 5 cm okanye ngaphezulu. Khangela ukwesona kufuneka ibe ngaphezulu, ngelixa kuvulwa yonikezelo kufuneka emazantsi. Lo msantsa iyafuneka ukuze kuthintelwe isahlakalo kombethe ebusika, kwaye ukunciphisa ubushushu ngaphakathi ehlotyeni.

Ngoku sinako ukuqhubeka ukufaka umbandela lining, kokuba iqaliswe phezu lonke ubude. Wonke 20 cm kufuneka ziqiniswe buthelezi, zonke izinto oziqhagamsheleyo kufuneka uphawu ngcina. I-technology kwisigaba esilandelayo ibandakanya ufakelo yimiqolo kwekhuselo, baya ukukhusela inkqubo sheathing yeemvula. Cwangcisa kwi zephetshana lining lwesakhiwo, nto leyo endaweni yedriphu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa seqela-2 cm. Ukuze ukukhusela kungqameko sheathing kufuneka esityeni ngaphambili. ufakelo yabo kunokwenzeka ukuyenza inyathelo elilandelayo, ngokubonelela seqela efanayo. Ukubeka lwenziwa kwi iziphelo uphahla ngezikhonkwane ezikhethekileyo.

Tips for umsebenzi

intlambo yokubhalela welula ekhaphethini, masibe umbala ehambisana izixhobo egubungele. Kufuneka le ngxenye ukwahlula ukufuma entilini. Ukomeleza iikona banokuba songezo zika- izikhonkwane zokuxhoma 10 cm. Ngoku kufuneka uqale ukubeka iithayile. Oku imvelaphi inyuselwa khona ecaleni wophahla kwaye asetyenziselwa ukwenza self-enamathelayo le base.

I protective film kufuneka zisuswe nje phambi kokuba iibleyidi kuyanda. Qala umsebenzi kusweleka ngundoqo wophahla itulo, ngasekupheleni eluphahleni. Susa usiko ezantsi ithayile ukusuka ekupheleni emazantsi lwesakhiwo kuyimfuneko ngamnye 1 cm. Izinto zokufunda yokuqala ethe yaye, emveni zibethelelwe ngakumbi. kufuneka ulisike ze iglu 10 cm kwegqabi ithayile eziphelweni. Ukuze ukuvula kwintlambo isiqwenga izinto ikhaphethi ezihlanjeni kuhlanganiswe ku-15 cm. Ukuze ukukhusela uphahla umaleko ephantsi ufanele Somrhaqa isiziba ngamaplanga.

Ixabiso umsebenzi

Ukuba ngaba uceba nenxaxheba ekwakhiweni kwendlu ngokwakho, ngoko ufanele ube nomdla amaxabiso ulwakhiwo kophahla. Ukufakelwa weMahalati liya kuxabisa imali engange-150. nganye square metre. isixhobo umphunga isithintelo ixabisa 100 engange. nganye square metre. Ukuba ufuna unombombiya uphahla, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule imali engange-200. nganye square metre.

Ukwakha kophahla otyhidiweyo, iingcali ziza kucela ukuba ufakelo kwezinto 500 engange. nganye square metre. Zophahla tile buxabise umsebenzisi engange-300. nganye square metre. Ukusebenzisa inkqubo imisebenzi iithayile zesamente-isanti, iqela leengcali liya kucela 600 engange. nganye square metre.

Iindleko zokwakha kophahla angabonelela ukuba umsebenzi wofakelo olongezelelweyo. Umzekelo, cornices ndibopha iya kuxabisa 670 engange. imitha ngalinye. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unogada ikhephu kwezimilo extra uhlawule 550 engange. imitha ngalinye. Skylights zifakwa ngexabiso ka-5200 engange. obune.