Ukungavumelani kwabatshatileyo

Kwenzeka ukuba kunengxaki ukuba ungakhulelwa umntwana, kodwa ukuwuthwala, oko kukuthi, iqanda lixutywe, kodwa kukho izizathu zokuba ukukhulelwa okuvuyolayo kungenakwenzeka. Ukungahlawulwanga kwenzeka, ngokukodwa, kumanyathelo okuqala okukhulelwa, xa ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezimbini kuphela kungqina kumntwana ozelweyo. Ukungahambelani kwama-genetic wabalingani ngenye yezizathu zokukhulelwa komzimba. Kule meko, xa ucwangcisa ukukhulelwa, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nonogqirha kuphela, kodwa udibanise nodokotela we-genetics. Uya kukunceda wenze konke okusemandleni ukuze ube ngabazali abonwabileyo. Ngelishwa, uphando lofuzo lweqabane elincinane kakhulu lwenzeka kwixesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa. Kuzo iimfuza, abaqabane abaye bafumana uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwezonyango bahlala besetyenziswa. Ukuqinisekiswa ngoluhlalutyo lwempilo, nangona kunjalo, aluvumeli, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, ukukhulelwa okanye ukunyamezela umntwana.

Ziyintoni ukungafani kofuzo lwabafazi?

Iiprotheyini eziqulethwe phezu kwawo onke amaseli omzimba womntu, kuthiwa yi-HLA. Isicatshulwa simele i-anti-leukocyte antigen. Ezi proteins zihlobo 'lomgcini' womzimba. Nguye owaziyo "izilwanyana" (iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane zomhlaza, iintsholongwane), kwaye emva koko uthumele isibonakaliso ukuze kuveliswe izikhuhlane ezinokutshabalalisa.

Ukukhulelwa kubonakala nakwiiprotheni "njengezitha". Isiqingatha seeprotheni ze-embryo ziyihlo, kwaye esinye isiqingatha sibazali. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umzimba womama uqala ukuvelisa ama-antigen, okusebenza njengokhuseleko kwi-placenta.

Ngohlobo olufanayo lwe-HLA yomzali, umzimba womama uthatha "abangaziwayo" ngokuba "wakhe". Ngenxa yoko, i-placenta nomntwana akakhuselekanga. Umzimba wesibindi uthatha ukhulelwa kwingozi kwaye uqala ukukhanyela umntwana. Ngokufanayo nangama-chromosomes yabazali, iphakamileyo ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu. Kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, kunokuba umzali u-HLA ahluke kakhulu, ingozi encinane yokuba kuya kuba nokungahambelani kwabatshatileyo.

Uhlalutyo oluhambelanayo luthatha malunga neveki ezimbini. Ukususela kwigazi elikhuphayo labazali bobabini ngokuncedisa ama-reagents e-DNA. Emva koko, uhlalutyo olujulile luqhutyelwa, kwaye ke kuphela isifundo sokuthelekisa senziwa. Ukungahambelani kwama-Genetic wabalingani kuyenzeka kakade kunye neeplini ezimbini ze-HLA ezifanayo. Cwangcisa iziphumo zoluhlalutyo kuphela nge-genetics efanelekileyo. Uya kuphinda enze isigqibo.

Ukungazalani ngokupheleleyo kwezitshatileyo akunqabile. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukungahambelani ngokukodwa kuzinzileyo. Kukho umlinganiselo walo mgaqo ngexesha locwangciso, ukukhulelwa kunye nexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngaphantsi kolawulo lwe-geneticist owaziwayo, unokukwazi ukukhulelwa, ukunyamezela nokukhusela ngokubeletha umntwana.

Oogqirha basebenzisa amayeza kunyango. Ulwaphulo lunokuqhutyelwa kubini bomtshato okanye kunye nonina. Kuxhomekeke kwisilinganiso sokungahambelani.

Kukho ukungahambisani nomzimba kwabafazi. Olu hlobo lunezinto ezifanayo ne-Rh engahambelaniyo. Iiseli zomzali ziphikisana nomnye kwiimpahla zabo zokuzibulala. Ngaphambili, waphathwa ngokuthunga isikhumba somntu kwindoda yomfazi. Amachiza anamhlanje usebenzisa i-centrifugation ye- serum yegazi yamadoda, ukwahlukana kweqhezu le-lymphocyte kunye nokugonywa nale serum yomzimba wesifazane.

Ukungahambelani ngokwesondo kwabatshatileyo kunokunyaniseka kwaye kuyinyani. Kwimeko yokuqala, isiseko siyi nyaniso, kwi-second-sexless literacy kunye nokungabikho komnqweno wokusebenzela ubudlelwane. Esi sibini sifanele siphendule kwi-sexologist ukusombulula ingxaki.