Ukukhulisa amakhowa Oyster njengeshishini: ncomo, iifoto. Isicwangciso soshishino zokwanda amakhowa Oyster ekhaya

Ukuba injongo sesifikile ukuba uqale ishishini labo kunye Kwimali encinci ngaphandle kweendleko ezinkulu ukuqesha igumbi, iyavakala ukuqwalasela ukulinywa amakhowa Oyster njengeshishini. Ingxelo evela kwabo baye bazama icebo efanayo, ukuqinisekisa isimo lo hlobo yengeniso. Ukongeza, ukuba ufumane isiphumo efanelekileyo akuyi kufuneka ukuba singene iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo - ukusebenza amakhowa ezinjalo emva isifundo esifutshane iimpawu kulinywa silula. Oku kuthetha ukuba le ngcamango ukuze sifumane imali kuba phantse wonke umntu.

Izizathu yongxamiseko

Okokuqala Amakhowa kuyingenelo ukwenza ngenxa yokuba zifunwa. Abantu abafana naba nomngundo, bakulungele ukuwathenga. Ukuba thelekisa nabo makhowa, ngoko sinako ngokukhuselekileyo sithi ukuba ongekho ngaphantsi nemveliso ecocekile. Ukongeza, amakhowa Oyster ziluncedo kakhulu kuba ziqulathe ezininzi weevithamini, acid kunye neeproteni.

Xa inkqubo yokukhula amakhowa Oyster musa ifuna ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza, yaye emva kokuvuna uya kususwa, ukuba ugcinwe ixesha elide. Ukuba ubhala isicwangciso soshishino elungileyo, ukulima amakhowa Oyster abe ngumthombo ezinzileyo ingeniso elungileyo.

Kwaye enye inzuzo, apho kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo - eli lithuba ukuqala ishishini ekhaya ngaphandle imingcipheko ebalulekileyo zemali kunye Iingxaki kunye nokukhethwa kweendawo ukuba irente. Kwaye ukuba uthelekise iindleko zokuvuna amakhowa Oyster kunye, bathi, amakhowa, le yokuqala iza kube incinane kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa imfuno efanayo.

Isiqalo

Ekuqaleni kufuneka baqonde ukuba nokokuba efunekayo ukuba irente, kodwa nangoku kufuneka kwindawo ethile kulo ishishini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukulinywa amakhowa (amakhowa Oyster) ekhaya - ishishini efuna kwindawo yayo. Oku kuba yindawo eyadini emzini wabo okanye kwi cottage. I flat kuqaliswe le nkqubo iya kuba nzima, kodwa ukuba oyifunayo, kwaye ubukho ariya ekhululekileyo, themba kuhlala kunokwenzeka.

Ngoko ke, ukuze enze amanyathelo okuqala lombutho soshishino ukulinywa amakhowa, kuya kufuneka ukuba ufumane egumbini elimnyama nokufuma phezulu, unikezelo omhle umoya zeemoto hood, apho uya kuhamba carbon dioxide.

Ngokumalunga ukulinywa, ngoko enokwenziwa kwezirekhodiweyo iinkuni kwimbuphu yesarha, iingxowa iindiza, iibhokisi kunye kwizikhondo. Ingaba kweemeko ezigqibeleleyo zendalo, oko ngumbuzo yendlela olubanzi.

abangabancedani

Kukho iqela lamanyathelo ngexesha mushroom kulinywa, ukuba bafumane isivuno esihle kufuneka ukwazi nje:

- yomsebenzi wokulungiselela lokutyala zeendawana, okt iziseko, nto leyo iya kukhula neenkowane;

- ukulungiselela lo imbewu, ibizwa ngokuba le mycelium;

- ukuthotyelwa zonke izimo ezidingekayo kwindawo, uya isiqu njani (intsholongwane ye-mngundo).

Kubalulekile ukuba andiphazami ngokhetho zohlobo mycelium, leyo kakhulu kugqiba eziphumo zokuphela konyaka. ukubaluleka olunzulu imbewu abanobuchule kunye nokutyala. Lo mba kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, xa siqwalasela ukulinywa amakhowa Oyster njengeshishini.

Ngokucace kakhulu, inkqubo ukulungiselela zeendawana kufuneka usebenzise iindiza okanye kwimbuphu yesarha. Kufuneka kuqala iyabiliswa, ngoko mazifakwe kwingxowa. Kule meko ukuxuma umbandela kuphela ekrwada ethe waba ithuba lokwehlisa phantsi. Emva kokuba kwiingxowa zibekwe phezu kwithala ebumnyameni (enobushushu 18-20 ° C). Xa imbewu lugqityiwe, kufuneka kwenziwe iibhloko (ezingxoweni) imingxunya. Isikhonkwane ilungele njengesixhobo.

Bala kwiziphumo zokuqala buqapheleke ingaba kwiiveki nje ezimbini emva kwe xesha.

Yintoni ebonisa ukuvuna

Ukukhulisa amakhowa Oyster njengeshishini ekugqibeleni kuxhomekeke kwinto njani Amakhowa ezininzi ekugqibeleni iya kuqokelela Umrhwebi thomo. Okukhona imveliso - oluphezulu yingeniso. Yaye iziphumo tsakisaka, kufuneka ulandele ezimbalwa amagama angundoqo.

Njengoko sele kutshiwo ngentla apha, igumbi apho iibhloko zibekwe kunye amakhowa kufuneka inqanaba ukufuma ukwanda, kuyimfuneko ukuba pholisa nokuqinisekisa ukuba zigcinwa kwi lobushushu elilelona.

Njengoko amava koosomashishini abaninzi abaye aphathwa amakhowa Oyster, hoxa ngcono waphawula xa ezikhuliselwe iibhloko, obekwe kwi ntsimbi zilapha phezulu kwindawo othe nkqo. Umgama phakathi kwabo kufuneka 90-110 cm. Oku kuya ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo phakathi iibhloko ezifana ngexesha ukugcinwa nomngundo, yaye ngexesha lokuvuna.

Ukuba kunjalo kufuneka abe iingxowa, ngoko la manqaku ibekwe ngcono kumgama-30 cm ukusuka komnye. Ke Ububanzi nesakhelo, kulo mzekelo, kungcono ukugcina uphawu lwe-40 cm. Oku kunceda ukugcina iqondo lobushushu oyifunayo.

Ukuhlola ukulinywa ncomo zoshishino Oyster kufuneka njani ingqalelo enyanzelekileyo. Kwaye ke amava abantu abaninzi ababandakanyeka nokulinywa amakhowa, kungqina into yokuba fruiting umgangatho kulindeleke kuphela esitalini ngokuphathelele lobushushu elifanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokufaneleka isenokuba nqanaba ngo 13-15 ° C ne-25 ° C Kuya kunceda ukulungisa iqondo lobushushu lolawulo izixhobo zokufudumeza ezizodwa. Lo msebenzi ukwenza inxibelelene kakuhle nabenzi boluvo zokufudumeza.

Indlela ukujongana ukukhanyisa kunye umoya

Ngoko ke, amakhowa Oyster baya kunandipha ngokwabo ukuba igumbi, apho zifikeleleka lula kwaye kukho elungileyo inkunkuma oxygen carbon dioxide. Ukuba xi yokugqibela ungaphezulu 0.8%, ngoko ke amakhowa kuvela iminqwazi elintlangothi zijonge kunye elide ukwakha-up. Ekubeni yorhwebo enjalo ukubala ukunyuswa umdla abathengi aluyiyo ixabisa ngayo.

Abo elizibiza ngokutyalwa amakhowa Oyster, njengeshishini, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuqinisekisa umgangatho owamkelekileyo ukufuma. It iyenza ngenene lula: umoya ukuze elungileyo, ukuba ubude umlenze Oyster ezikhulayo kwisinye kwisithathu nobungakanani bubonke ngulo mngundo.

Kwakhona, musa ukuphazamisa ukufakelwa kwenkqubo umoya ukuze anyamekele ubukho filter kuyo.

On isihloko kwezibane, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ukukhanya kwimeko amakhowa afunekayo, kodwa ke ambalwa (100 ukuya 200 spiderman iiyure ezili-12). Ukuba le ummiselo engahoywanga kwaye andise ukufumaneka, kuya kufuneka aginye nesohlwayo, ezifana ukuncitshiswa kakhulu inani zeentsholongwane.

Standards Irrigation nokufuma

Ukukhulisa amakhowa Oyster njenge ishishini ekhaya, uya kusoloko kubandakanya umsebenzi enxulumene nokulawulwa kwinqanaba ukufuma. Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba imveliso ezifana neenkowane yi-90% ye-ukufuma kunye nokuthintela kome kakhulu ukuba igumbi na kukuphe- epheleleyo iza kubizwa ibe mbuzo.

Kungenxa yoko le nto iingxowa zezona kule nkqubo - ukuba kakuhle kakhulu zinqanda ukufuma. Ukuze ngokukhuselekileyo ukukhusela amakhowa deformation, kuyimfuneko ukuba kufikelelwe kwinqanaba nokuzinzileyo ukufuma ka-85%. Kodwa bathimba ukufuma nazo kufuneka kungabi. Kule meko, "Nathi" akulunganga, kuba ikhowa isiphelo inokuba ungenako ukubathwala yokugcina, leyo yeyona nkalo ibaluleke gqitha yenkqubo yokwakha ishishini.

Ukuququzelela nokuzimisela oluchanileyo kwinqanaba ukufuma, iyavakala ukuthenga izixhobo ezifana psychrometer. It amalungiselelo akukho nzima - iqulethe abenzi boluvo ezimbini ukuphonononga ukoma nokufuma. Yeyona umahluko ngabakufundileyo kwaye achonge ukunyhashwa imo ofunekayo okanye ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa.

Xa siqwalasela ukulinywa amakhowa Oyster ezingxoweni, njengoko ishishini, nokuba ngokucokisekileyo, asinakukwazi ngoyaba into yokuba kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ukukhula ezi fungi kufuna uthethathethwano eyahlukileyo ukufuma. Oku kuthetha ukuba amaqela kunye yobudala ahlukeneyo, kufuneka igcinwe kumagumbi ahlukeneyo okanye kwenye, kodwa yahlulwe eziliqela kunye namazinga ahlukeneyo ukufuma.

Ngoku kancinci malunga inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela. Kuyimfuneko ukuba bakhumbule ixesha apho ubungakanani imizimba iziqhamo afikelele 30 mm okanye 1 cm. Ukuze ufumane yokunkcenkceshela amakhowa umgangatho, kukusebenzisa igridi kunye ngokrolo 0.5 mm. Kodwa ngenxa iinkqubo fogging, into ngazo kungcono ukulibala. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba nokuba ayeke ukunkcenkceshela ngexesha ukuqokelelwa, kungenjalo uyakwazi ukubaleka usenokungena engxakini ezifana Oyster mushroom uhlobo.

siseko engundoqo kulinywe

Kukho imigaqo embalwa ebalulekileyo, ngaphandle kwezo zikhankanywe ngasentla, ekufuneka kwaziwa ngabo bonke abo bathatha isigqibo sokuba aqale ukulinywa amakhowa Oyster. zoshishino olusekelwe ekhaya, kule meko kufuneka abanobuchule kakhulu. Xa uhlolisisa iimfuneko kunye nokuqonda ubuntu babo, ukuba ukunika izivuno ezizinzileyo kuya kuba lula.

Ngoko ke, apha yeminye imithetho umbuzo:

- Kuba ungcolisa okukhulu lamanqanaba of zeendawana mycelium engxoweni kufuneka uqale kwi-12.

- ngqo ngokwakhe mycelium kuyimfuneko uthothe ukuze yonke indawo yabo mhlaba yayigcwele. Kodwa kubalulekile 80% kokusasazeka ikufutshane iindonga, kodwa%-20 kuphela kweli ziko.

- Emva kokugqiba ukugangatheka, kubalulekile ukuba ziyasivumela ukuba imitya.

- Kubalulekile ukuba banikele ingqalelo yokuba koobhaka waba imingxuma nasezantsi, iya bangazinandiphi ukufuma kwemfuneko ngokulula. Ngokubanzi perforation kuthetha imingxuma 10-20 ibhegi mycelium nganye.

- Xa izitena zokuqala kwakuvela amakhowa kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo emnyama elifumileyo, kodwa emva kweentsuku 14-16 of ukuphuma amathupha, xa mycelium lonke liya kuzaliswa zeendawana, kufuneka bafudukela kwindawo apho kukho ukukhanya, kodwa akukho kwelanga ngqo. Oku kuba lilizwe phantsi komthunzi womthi okanye endlwini, kwigumbi elingaphantsi kunye uphalaze.

Iinkcukhacha ezithe vetshe malunga nezixhobo

Kucacile ukuba kulinywa Oyster mushroom njengeshishini kwabasaqalayo, ukuze ube neempawu ezahlukeneyo. iimeko yasekhaya nganye ezahlukeneyo: umntu une ariya encinane amalinge ezinjalo, lo gama awunako ukwaba kuba loo ndawo ushishino eziphathekayo, umzekelo, kweli lizwe abanye. Kwaye ukuba kuyenzeka ukuba kunye yezikwere akukho ngxaki, ngoko kusengqiqweni ukucinga malunga imiqulu mveliso ezinkulu bukhulileyo sele kuyacetyiswa ukunikela ingqalelo izixhobo efanelekileyo ukwenza njalo.

Kufuneka uqale esisodwa, apho unako ukuvelisa mycelium. Ngale ndlela, inkqubo yokulungiselela i-zeendawana lokukhula ezinzwaneni ziya kuba kakhulu ngokukhawuleza.

Yangoku nemishini lokulungisa zeendawana. Xa engekho kungakwenza ngokuzimeleyo ukuvelisa umatshini efanayo. Ukuze ezi njongo kufuneka ukuba bafumane umphanda elingqingqwa-enqatyisiweyo (100-200 iilitha) ukugcwalisa ngamanzi kunye nokusebenzisa yethumba umlilo ihlanjululwa. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka zokuphuma evumela ukuba pheni. Ezi kwiimpompo ezidibene amagubu ezibiyelweyo umqulu efanayo yaye apho zeendawana ibekwa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oko Uyasiphumelela unyango ubushushu esemgangathweni.

Kodwa oku zonke izixhobo, nto leyo ufuna ukulima amakhowa Oyster njengeshishini. Ukuphonononga yaqinisekisa luncedo izixhobo zamaqumrhu amadlelo fruiting. Enyanisweni, thina sithetha igumbi kakuhle okanye kwiindawo ezininzi apho inkxaso ukufuma kuyimfuneko, ubushushu kunye kwinqanaba izibane oyifunayo.

Indlela ukubala inzuzo

Isicwangciso soshishino zokwanda amakhowa Oyster ekugqibeleni ibandakanya ukubala iindleko nengeniso enokubakho.

Ukuze ufumane iinombolo eziyimfuneko ukwenza izibalo ezilula. Ukuba uthatha ukhetho ilula, imali ezifunekayo kuthengwe izingxobo lokufaka - le zeendawana. Kwi-avareji, iibhloko ezigqityiweyo enesiqulatho ezahlukeneyo mlonyeni zingathengwa for $ 2.5 ngesabelo ngasinye. Ukususela kulo mzekelo siqwalasela isicwangciso soshishino ukulinywa amakhowa Oyster ekhaya, phezu sokuqeshisa iindleko kwizakhiwo nakubasebenzi zithathelwa ingqalelo no. Amakhowa ukutyala zinokuthengwa ngexabiso of $ 1.5 kg nganye.

Ukuba amalungiselelo indawo kakuhle, ngoko 1 m ² iza kulungiselela ukuya iibhloko 7. Enye unit enjalo unako ukuzisa isivuno-3 kg fungi. Ngokomthetho, imitha square isithuba uzomise abaqeshwe 21 kg ye Oyster mushroom. Njengoko ukuphunyezwa ozithobayo, unga zama ngokwabo ukuba balungelelanise yokuthengisa kunye nokuhanjiswa kumboleki lokugqibela amakhowa (iivenkile, iivenkile ezinkulu, iimarike, njalo njalo. D.) Okanye sebenzisa iinkonzo labathengisi yesibini-ngesandla.

Kwi-avareji, ikhilogramu amakhowa Oyster bazilanda ukuya $ 3, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba kwisigqibo gingxi ukuba ishishini elifana likuvumela ukuba unandiphe 100% eyongeziweyo impahla nokufumana inzuzo enkulu xa kuthelekiswa iziqhoboshelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abo banenjongo ukuzama isandla sakhe kwezoshishino, kufuneka ngokunzulu ngezinto ukulinywa amakhowa Oyster njengeshishini. inkqubo Photo kunye nenkcazo eneenkcukacha kwi foram iya kuvumela ukuba baqonde ngokulula iimpawu zenkqubo nokufumana izityalo abasisigxina.

iziphumo

Ngokucacileyo, le mbono ishishini kufuna ingqalelo, ekubeni ingakufuni imithombo ebalulekileyo ukuqhuba ishishini, yaye uthembisa imivuzo emihle xa umbutho bolu inkqubo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna imali, kunye namaphupha ishishini okwakhe nawenu, iyavakala ukuvavanya ukulinywa amakhowa Oyster njengeshishini. Izimvo kwalo eyayisuka ukuthatha eli thuba, iqinisekisa kuphela into yokuba olu hlobo ingeniso ngayo ngokukhuselekileyo ngokuba ethembisayo nekhuselekileyo kakhulu ngokubhekiselele kwiingozi zemali.