Ukophuka Vula kunye ukuhlelwa kwazo. uncedo lokuqala waphuka ezivulekileyo

amathambo eyaphukileyo bangabi inshorensi nguye nawuphi na omnye umntu, nokuba ubudala, isini, okanye naziphi na ezinye iimpawu ezithile. Phantsi zaphuka ibhekisela iyonke okanye inxenye umonakalo ingqibelelo ithambo. Oku kungakhokelela ukuwa, ngesibetho ngesiquphe eyomeleleyo, eyenziwe ngumntu okanye uhlobo intlekele yendalo, ingozi yemoto.

zezinto ophuka

Kwamathambo zihlukaniswe:

• vula;
• ivaliwe.

iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zaphuka evulekileyo

Ukophuka Vula - umonakalo amathambo, zikhatshwa kukophula ingqibelelo ulusu kunye izihlunu naphantsi ethambileyo, apho ezinjengokwaphuka na nakunxibelelwano yemeko ezisingqongileyo.

An ukwa evulekileyo kuthathwa ukonakalisa nzima, kuba zokulimala kwandisa ingozi yosulelo lwe iinxalenye ithambo izilwanyana eziphilayo. Le nto eyahlula evulelekile a ukwaphuka okuvala kweqondo. Uphawu ezinjengokwaphuka livulekile nezivele ithambo, kakhulu nzima unyango kunye waxovula kunye iqembu kwizihlunu ezithambileyo kummandla umonakalo, nto leyo eyandisa ingozi yosulelo. Sinobungozi kubomi babantu kwi ngokwaphulwa evulekileyo sijongwa ukopha kunye nokothuka.

Imiqondiso yokuba zaphuka evulekileyo

Iimpawu ezivulekileyo kunye nokwenzakala ezivaliweyo zahluke kancinane, kodwa kwimeko yokuqala, ubungqongqo iimpawu yi izihlandlo ezilishumi unamandla. Ngoko ke:

• engaqhelekanga nokushukumisa lomzimba kwindawo apho kungekho joint;
• Ngokucofa kummandla ochaphazelekayo phantsi kwesikhumba crackle oluvakalayo;
• ubukho ngenxeba, ukuba incinane kakhulu, kwaye olunzulu;
• ukopha lwemithambo;
• imeko yexhoba uyehla ngokukhawuleza;
• Iimpawu ezibonakalayo emphefumlweni kwaye ukopha kukothuka.

ukwa Vula: yokuhlela

iintanda Vula, kuxhomekeke indlela yophuhliso wohlulwe:

• ekuqaleni-evulekileyo, lo gama kwisiphumo umonakalo emathanjeni nezihlunu soft;
• evulekileyo lesibini xa ulusu kunye soft inyama yonakele iziphelo ngamaqhekeza ithambo.

Ubungqongqo ezinjengokwaphuka kunye engozini ubomi babantu zenza isiseko ngokuhlelwa ngakumbi. Uxilongo luchazwa oonobumba abakhulu Russian, oko kuthetha ukuthi:

• A - Ukophuka kunye ezingephi ukwenzakala kwizihlunu ezithambileyo, siyakhuselwa ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci kakuhle ogama nempumelelo.
• B - Ukonakala babe avareji iqondo womxhuzulane, kunye inwebu ukusebenza ethambileyo kwi sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ezaphukileyo ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo.
• In - ukwa nomonakalo olomeleleyo ongenakulungiseka kwizihlunu ezithambileyo, apho ukususwa alinakuze lokugcina impilo.

Classification Kaplan-Markova incedisana sifo, ebonisa uhlobo amanxeba, apho A - amanxeba okuhlatywa; B - atyunyuziweyo, amanxeba eyayenzakele; B - eyo batyumke.
Amanani baseRoma uxilongo kubonisiwe ubukhulu inxeba:

• I - ubungakanani elincinane ngeesentimitha ukuya ku 1.5.
• II - ubungakanani inxeba yahluka phakathi ngokweesentimitha 2-9.
• III - isilonda iisentimitha ngaphezulu kwe-10.

Group IV iquka Ukophuka uhlobo ebanzi kakhulu enzima. Kukho ukusebenza ukuphazamiseka kwesebe, kunye nokopha kakhulu kunye nokothuka. Ngokufuthi, konyawo umlenze.
Kwasendaweni of Ukophuka evulekileyo ugqitywa igama ithambo yonakele. Kungaba:

• negxalaba;
• uyibhekise;
• femoral;
• tibial kunye peroneal.

Ezisebenza kwamathambo kunye nohlobo umonakalo kwi x-reyi ngokwaphulwa yahlulwe:

• elibhalwe ngokumileyo;
• cross;
• Ukophuka esihle kwenzeka kwimeko kwenzeke ingozi yemoto;
• helical;
• Big / melkooskolchatye;
• kabini (ukwa babhaca amaqhekeza ithambo kwaye ngaphandle).

ekuxilongweni

Ukophuka Vula kulula ukubona. Ukuchonga bonke ngokwaphulwa umonakalo kufuneka iviwe ngesandla. Oku kulandelwa-X ray ntoni, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukujonga ixesha ngqo isiphoso, uhlobo ngokwaphulwa, uhlobo ukubana, isixa iziqwenga ithambo. iintanda yalityatya Vula, Ukophuka amathambo elide kunye umnqonqo ifuna iifoto ubuncinane ezimbini X-ray, ekuveliseni moya ezimbini macala nkqo. Kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo imeko soft-tissue kufuna MRI. Ngenxa ukwa evulekileyo kukho ingozi yomonakalo luvo ingqibelelo nemithambo. Ukuba ikhona, okanye urhanela, kufuneka udibane i neurosurgeon kunye ugqirha nemithambo.

uncedo lokuqala kunye zaphuka evulekileyo

uncedo lokuqala ukwenzakala hlobo kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba:

1. Kunqande ukopha, ukunyanga ekupheleni inxeba kubola.
2. Faka avale engenazintsholongwane ngqo enxebeni kunye nesayithi zaphuka.
3. Nika ndindisholo ezifana Analgin, Pentalgin.
4. yenze kwesebe kwi kwisikhundla sokuba kwafunyanwa ukonakalisa.
5. nezoThutho ixhoba ukuya elikufutshane kwisikhululo olungxamisekileyo.
Nceda kunye Ukophuka evulekileyo kuyo nayiphi na imeko kufuneka ibandakanye amalinge nokumisa kupapashwa ngaphandle ithambo, ngokususa imilenze kruthu, ulungelelwaniso amathambo ezonakeleyo. Oku kungenza ingxaki mbi.

Zangaphandle hip ukwa kungenzeka ngenxa yokuwa okanye imoto ingozi. Oku kudla kunye shift kobutyobo, ebangela ixhoba ukuya nematha intlungu.

Into yokuqala ukuyenza - ukuba anesthetize. Ngoko qiniseka ukuba umhlabelo, umlenze. Ukuze wenze oku, ungasebenzisa nayiphi into elide: Ibhodi, nelembande, intonga. Splinting lwenziwa ecaleni umzimba yonke ukusuka ezinyaweni ukuya kanye kwekhwapha. Kodwa ayikwazi uphoswe icala apho amathambo aphukileyo ebonakalayo.

ukwa Vula isandla - oku uhlobo luqhelekileyo yokwenzakala. Kaninzi kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba negalelo elikhulu okanye bawe. Ukongezelela izandla ukopha zaphuka evulekileyo usenokuphelekwa ukufukuka elinqatyisiweyo imilenze, ukukhubazeka ngokudibeneyo. Umngcipheko olu hlobo umonakalo ithuba okukhulu kwegazi ilahleko xa kuthe komsipha kukho umthambo njengegazi kunzima ukuba ayeke. Emergency zoncedo lokuqala kukuba lakubathwesa lock-ngebhasi nokungakwazi. Kwaye kufuneka yenze amalungu ubuncinane ezimbini kule ndawo zaphuka. Lisetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo iimpahla. Bethwele okanye ngebhandishi ngokuqinileyo ngasentla kwe ariya umonakalo ukunceda ayeke ukopha.

toe eziintsalu umonakalo akukho ngokubanzi ngaphantsi, nto nonxunguphalo ngqo njenge into enzima abawayo, impembelelo, ucinezelo, tucking iinyawo zakhe. uncedo lokuqala ukwenzakala olu hlobo elula. Kunokuba nawuphi na umntu sikufuphi, nokuba ixhoba. Eyona nto iphambili kule meko - ukuba icele unyawo. Shoes kufuneka isuswe ngexesha elifanayo. Ngomnwe umonakalo kufuneka kuyibopha kuyo nayiphi na into eqinileyo okanye umnwe eliselumelwaneni. toe eziintsalu kungaba:

• vula;
• esekhusini;
• ukwaphulwa ne ukufuduka;
• comminuted;
• zaphuka umda.

ukwa abafudukayo efunyanwa ngokubhenca amandla ithambo ngomnwe, ekhokelela okuvela kuyo yokwenzakala. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba mazikhatshwe ikukunyasha luvo ezikufutshane, imithambo yegazi, izihlunu. Ehamba umonakalo yintlungu enkulu, ukudumba, hayi nje yonakele ngomnwe, kodwa unyawo yonke, ukopha ngaphantsi kwesikhumba, isikhonkwane, lunyhasho kwemilenze.

unyango olunye

Emva ekunikeni uncedo lokuqala kufuneka esibhedlele xa isebe "Trauma". EMoscow na izinto ezininzi okukhethekile, sisebenza ubusuku nemini, apho uza kuba onke ngoncedo eziyimfuneko. Ngokunika amagqirha uncedo ingcali amisele ubungqongqo monakalo uya kuyixabisa hemodynamic, ukubamba isifo eyintloko ngokwaphulwa oluquka kuhlola, unyango kwenxeba, ozibonayo yeempawu kwezonyango wokwenzakala, i-X-ray. Isigulana siya kwenziwa procaine kwafa nezitofu nxamnye nominxano, amisele iiarhente, antibiotics olubanzi-emaninzi amathuba ukuthintela usulelo.

Okulandelayo, isigulane idluliselwa kwigumbi yokusebenza, apho inxeba icocwe lwamaqumrhu angaphandle kunye nokungcola elele ngokwahlukileyo amaqhekeza bone isusiwe, kakubi eyonakeleyo, nonviable izihlunu issekutsya, inxeba liya zivalwe ze yaguqulwa yaba zaphuka elivaliweyo. Zihlanganise kungqameko inxeba kufuneka kwenziwe ngaphandle kwempixano, ukuba oku akwenzeki, ngoko kubanjwe dermepenthesis.

Inyathelo unyango lokuqala utyando kubalulekile kuba neutralizes ithembisa ukuba uphuhliso yayintsholongwane eyosulela Cya flora kwaye kudala iimeko ezithandwa ukuphiliswa nxeba. Ngaphezu koko, lo Ukusikwa i "mgangathweni" zomzimba ngumba elungileyo zebhayoloji, ngokuba ulwe impilo inyama ngcono usuleleko kunye ndibaphilise.

Kungcono ukuba kukhathalelo lokuqala utyando ziya kwenziwa kwi kwiiyure zokuqala 8 yokwenzakala. Kweli thuba, magciwane akayi kuba nexesha ukungena nzulu enenxeba ancedisana, wonke umzimba ngalo igazi kunye nkovu.

PECVD ingaba: Ekuqaleni kubanjelwa seeyure ezingama-24 emva kokonzakala; ulibele, iiyure ezingama-48; kamva. Izizathu kulibaziseka kundikhonza mothuko esibuhlungu, ukopha kakhulu, ungenelelo operative inxulunyaniswa ngumonakalo amalungu abalulekileyo.

Iindlela eziphambili immobilization amaqhekeza bone

Yenze umonakalo kuyimfuneko nayiphi na imeko. Ukwenza njalo, unike ubungqina, khetha:

• a isamente;
• ibambelele skeletal;
• samabanga, walibala nezakhiwo osteosynthesis metal zangaphakathi;
• isixhobo nitrogen lwangaphandle nitrogen lwangaphandle.

Cast unokuhle hygroscopic, balungisa efanelekileyo kuthetha ukuba ngeliso izigulane abagulayo ayifuni izakhono zobugcisa ukunika ukulayisha chu esiphelweni owenzakeleyo. Noko ke, gypsum lusizi amalungu ezisecaleni kwaye compress i omzimba ngenkwitshi.

ibambelele skeletal kuvumela ukuba bagcine lomzimba benze izinto zokubopha. Ukuba unayo i ngokwaphulwa evulelekileyo kunye ukubana, oko ulwandiso kuvumela eziguqukayo iziqwenga reponirovat. Kodwa le ndlela immobilization ufuna alale, ukuphumla kwesebe inikwa akaphelelanga, kufuna esweni kunye ukulungiswa.
Osteosynthesis eyenziwe elibhalwe ngokumileyo, helical, comminuted yamophula nzima ukugcina, kwakunye kabini okanye multiple.

Indlela okuphilisa waphuka evulekileyo

Bone ukwa ukuphilisa lwenzeka ngokwamanqanaba eziliqela. Inqanaba lokuqala yamalungiselelo na ukubizwa. Apha kukho urhangqo nkovu kunye igazi ekunqandeni, egazi igazi wabumba iziphelo amaqhekeza, kunye serum yakhululwa ihlwili ongena inyama ithambile.

Kwisigaba sesibini uqalisa ukwakha ephambili nokuqina ijwabu callus. Kuye texture yehlathi, nangona kukho nto iityuwa lime okanye ithambo. Le ingqolowa akavumi amathambo ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kule ndawo eyonakeleyo. Kuba ngethuba lokuqhuba kwale nkqubo inokuba nomahluko. Inani elikhulu kwithishyu asha, ubukho kwizihlunu ezithambileyo phakathi ithambo iphela, usuleleko, kunciphise isakhono iiseli stem kunyebeleziso inyama ithambo unakho isantya inkqubo.

Isigaba sesithathu iqala malunga 2-3 iiveki emva ezinjengokwaphuka. Lubonakala yi kwamathambo. kwizicwili callus ubunjwe. Noko ke, ukuba athwale imithwalo ezingashukumiyo okanye okuhambisa alikafiki kwisimo, ke ngoko, omnye immobilization enokuthenjwa esasebenza. Ngeli xesha, waphakamisa inqanaba icalcium serum egazini.

Ngethuba lesigaba yesine, ukuhlengahlengiswa yokugqibela callus ibe ithambo epheleleyo. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva ezinjengokwaphuka wethambo ezitsha ukumelana ubunzima bomzimba. Callus kudla elikhulu kakhulu amathambo eyiyo eyaphukileyo. Uqeqesho olubanzi kakhulu yaba umonakalo ngethambo kunye izihlunu ezingqongileyo, i abaninzi baza kuba ubukhulu zengqolowa. Emva koko, oko kuncitshiswa ukutywinwa izicwili kunye resorption Iweziqingatha ithambo endala. umthwalo Moderate esebenza liza kukhawulezisa ngokutsha callus.

ukubunjwa Ilibazisekile of callus iphawulwa i zaphuka evulekileyo. Treatment kunye ukuphiliswa trauma kunokuba inkqubo ixesha elide, ukuba:

• kwisiza ukwaphuka wavelisa isixa elingonelanga amahlwili egazi ngokuvuselela ukuyilwa callus bone ephambili;
• ukuba iinkqubo zosulele ukudumba, utshintsho entshabalalo echaphazela imbonakalo callus ngokusekelwe usulelo;
• inkqubo Ukubuna amaqhekeza bone;
• e zomzimba nokuqina callus wambumba fibrocartilage.

Izinga Ukuqulunqwa callus uxhomekeke kakhulu njani yaye xa bencediswa kwindawo ngokwaphulwa, ubudala yomguli kunye nezinye izinto.
Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo ukuyilwa callus Ungasebenzisa antireticular Bogomolets serum cytotoxic, isidlo ithambo, umgubo, leqanda, phosphorus ukusuka fish oil.

imiphumela ophuka

Kwizaphuko vula ni izisongelo ezimbalwa. Ixesha akuthethi ziguqulela uncedo abafanelekayo - kwiiyure zokuqala 6-8 emva ukonzakala - kunokukhokelela nemiphumo vuhlayiseki. Emva kweli xesha, ungakwazi ukuqala nokudumba, igciwane igazi.

Xa lesitofu emhlabeni enxebeni ingaqala ngqi. Emva ngokudibana ixhoba kwi sites issekutsya ezingcolisekileyo traumatology, kodwa kukho iinxalenye kumgama kakhulu izihlunu okanye imisipha, ukusindisa ubomi bomntu, maninzi amathuba eliphezulu ukuba isigulana neza kukhubazeka.

Ukususela ngasentla kwisigqibo sokuba impiliso eyingenelo kunokwenzeka noncedo eyaneleyo lokuqala kunye noncedo lokuqala zonyango ebonelelwe traumatology. EMoscow, ngokuba ngumzi omkhulu, inika zonke izibonelelo ukuze libonelele ngoncedo oluyimfuneko.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba likhusele Ukophuka

Ukwa umonakalo nokwenzakala ngomatshini,-inshorensi apho muntu. Noko ke, uphando lubonisa ukuba ezinye ukwenzakala kufuneka kuphetshwe ukuba Ithambo isakhiwo ashinyeneyo ngakumbi. Kakade ke, ukususela ukulimala xa kuthe bawe ubude, iingozi zendlela, izithonga enogonyamelo uya singasindisi; kodwa hayi zonke ukuwa okanye podvertyvanie iinyawo ziya kuphelela eyaphukileyo. Ngoko ke njongo iphambili yothintelo - kukomeleza amathambo kunye nokuthintela kwamathambo.

Into yokuqala kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo - oku kukutya. izidlo protein, kudityaniswe inani elikhulu yekofu iziselo ezifanayo, ukucutha ubuninzi icalcium emzimbeni. Balungisa ukuswela kunye nokubonelela nokufunxwa ezilungileyo calcium kuya kunceda isipinatshi, beetroot, iseleri, imifuno eluhlaza, amandongomane, iti, ekoko nezinki equlathe iimveliso.

Oku kulandela kule nomlinganiselo nothintelo ukwaphuka ilandelayo - ukugcina ubunzima esempilweni. Kwamathambo ingaqala kungekuphela nje xa kukho ubunzima obugqithisileyo, nto leyo eyandisa umthwalo emathanjeni, kodwa mncane ngokugqithiseleyo akayi kuba isiqabu kuye. Kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba ayeke nini.

Nceda ezinobunzima esempilweni inokuba umdlalo. Ngokudlala imidlalo nto ithetha iingxelo elitsha okanye ngokuhlwa nobusuku wachitha ku ejimini. Kodwa liyimbalasane kangangesiqingatha seyure okanye iyure kathathu ngeveki phantsi amandla phantse wonke umntu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izibonelelo zoqeqesho kufuneka individualised, ngokuthatha ubudala, nobume bempilo kwi-akhawunti, amathuba. Xa oku kunceda abaqeqeshi ku ejimini okanye kugqirha. Qhaphela xa umthambo ngokugqithiseleyo kufuneka amadoda kwanabafazi.

Ukuxinwa kweethambo zethambo kuthinteka kakubi ngemikhwa emibi: ukusela nokutshaya. Yaye ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweyokuqala kufuneka kuncitshiswe kumaqondo amancinci, ngoko ukutshaya kufuneka kushiywe ngokupheleleyo. Kubantu abatshitshisa abantu, ukuwahlukana kungekhona nje ukuphilisa ixesha elide, kodwa ubuhle bokungalingani okungafanelekanga buphezulu. Impembelelo yotywala kukuphulaphula iinkqubo zomzimba zomzimba. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunokuphazamisa ukuxutywa kwe-calcium ngomzimba, obangela ukuxinwa kwamathambo esithambo.

Kubalulekile kwimpilo yomzimba wethu kunye ne-vitamin D, ekhoyo kwimali efunekayo inokufunyanwa ngokuba ilanga imihla ngemihla ubuncinane imizuzu eyi-15. Le vithamini ikhuthaza ukutyalwa kwe-calcium ngumzimba. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwelanga, eqinisweni, akufanelekanga nabani na, ingakumbi kubantu abanesikhumba esibuhlungu. Kodwa inzuzo yoshishino lobuhle lwanamhlanje linikeza ukhetho lwezinto ezininzi zokukhusela iimveliso ezingafanelekanga.

Izahlulo zibi kakhulu kubantu abadala. Kwaye kukhokelela ekudakaleni kunokuba ibhanti iwele endlwini yayo, indlu. Ngako oko, kule meko, ingqwalaselo ephezulu kufuneka inikezelwe kumanyathelo okukhusela. Kuthetha ukuthini oku? Susa zonke iifowuni ezivulekileyo okanye ezikhululekile kummandla wezantsi. Iipakethi kunye neendlela zokuphephetha kufuneka zihlale ziphantsi, ungalahleki. Ukuba kukho indawo yokuhlambela kuyo, kufuneka ufake ii-handrails uze ufake ama-non-slip mats. Izicathulo zasekhaya zifanele zikhululekile, zodwa zodwa, kwaye akufanele ziwele phantsi iinyawo zakho ngelixa uhamba.

Ukuphuka kwamathambo avulekileyo kukulimala kakhulu ngexesha elide lokuphucula. Ukulungiswa ngoncedo lokuqala kunye noncedo lonyango luya kunceda ukubuyiswa okuqhelekileyo kwesilungu.