Uhlalutyo ngamachiza igazi: ukucazulula njani?

Uhlalutyo ngamachiza igazi yenye iimvavanyo ixhaphakileyo. Ngokwesiseko ngenxa ukufunda lwemithambo data zelebhu igazi labantu ugqirha nga ngokubanzi ukuhlola umsebenzi amalungu kunye neenkqubo ze isigulane. Ukuze zibalo ngokuchaneke kangangoko kunokwenzeka, isampuli yegazi lwenziwa kusasa ungatyanga. Kwiimeko lwezonyango, isampuli yegazi kunokwenzeka ngalo naliphi na ixesha lemini, kodwa iiyure akukho msinyane kunokuba ezintandathu emva kwesidlo wokugqibela.

Ukunceda kwiziphumo, eyabonisa uvavanyo magazi ezinto iqulathe ezininzi amanani kunye neesimboli. Kuba yintoni protein ngalinye unoxanduva? Linoxanduva yintoni enzyme nganye? Zama ukuqonda ngaphezulu.

Athwala i iproteni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Unoxanduva ioksijini kuloo maziko. I eliqhelekileyo athwala yoxinaniso ka 120-150 g / l. kwabasetyhini kunye 130-160 g / l. abantu. Ukuswela kwalo kunokubonisa anemia. eliphezulu kakhulu kwinqanaba le protini ibonisa ubukho abanesigulo yemiphunga okanye isifo sentliziyo.

Uhlalutyo ngamachiza igazi ebonisa umsebenzi zezintso. Ukuba izintso akakwazi kumelana nomsebenzi, isiqulatho urea egazini ukunyuka kakhulu. In okunempilo urea igazi lomntu ekhoyo kwi-mali 2,5-8,3 millimoles ilitha nganye. Enye salathisi, ngokusekelwe apho ugqirha kwizigqibo malunga umsebenzi izintso yi creatinine. Amanani alungile umxholo kwimfuyo egazini uthathwa mikromillilitrov 45-105 ilitha nganye.

Enzyme ezichaphazela isibindi, kwaye zilandelelwe ngenkqubo ye-chemistry igazi. AST, aspartate aminotransferase okanye, ngokuqhelekileyo eziqulathwe hepatocytes kunye izifo zesibindi inkoliso enzyme oluhlala egazini. Kwesibindi, umhlaza wesibindi, ukuqina kwesibindi, umonakalo ilungu obunxilisayo - esi uluhlu lonke izifo kwesibindi, makwazeke yesilungu. Misela uhlobo lwesifo wabetha umntu kuphela uvavanyo igazi ezandleni ngamachiza, akunakwenzeka; oku kufuna zeemviwo thethwano ngokupheleleyo ingcali.

Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba okuqulethwe iswekile egazini. Yeziphoso ukutya kunye carbohydrate yokucolwa izizathu uhlolo le nkqubo yonyango. amazinga angcono eswekile yegazi kubantu abanesifo seswekile, okanye athethe kakuhle glucose nokunyamezelana. Amanani asezantsi kakhulu bacebisa ekuphuhliseni anaemia, kwaye nazo zibangelwa yi umthwalo ngokugqithisileyo emzimbeni okanye emphefumlweni komzimba.

Isixa protein iyonke abantu abadala ubuncinane 65 grams / ilitha hayi ngaphezulu kwe 85 grams / ilitha. Kuyinto le datha kufuneka babonise uhlalutyo zengqo- igazi. Izalathisi zithathwa ngezantsi uphawu eqhelekileyo yindlala elide, ukuchithwa kakhulu, cachexia, kunye nezibalo eziphezulu lubonisa imfuneko ukujonga isibindi sakho. Blood protein ababandakanyekayo immune, yaye ngoko izifo ukudumba kwaye ezosulelayo na ukunyuka kwinqanaba kancinci.

Isixa amylase kwi egazini serum ye yomntu nempilo iiyunithi ngaphantsi kwe-50 ilitha nganye. Ukuba uvavanyo igazi zengqo- lubonisa inani eliphezulu, ngoko ngoxilongo, mhlawumbi, kukho ukusilela kwezintso okanye ukudumba pancreas. Amylase ke iintlobo ezimbini: diastase, oluthi luqokelelane kwamadlala amathe nepancreas, kunye amylase pancreatic ukuba kuhlelwe kuphela pancreas. Ezi ntlobo enzyme ezi isomers ngalinye yaye enze imisebenzi efanayo.

iimvavanyo igazi ukuvimbela ezinto kuyimfuneko ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. I msinyane esi sifo elibhaqiweyo, kokukhona kuya kuba ukujongana nayo.