Ubunzulu Neva eSt Petersburg. Inkcazelo lomlambo, olunomdla

Neva - omnye imilambo ezinkulu kakhulu, ezinkulu ebanzi Russia. Imbali yawo asuka kumaxesha amandulo. Yintoni ubunzulu emlanjeni? Neva e UPeter onobunzulu eyahlukileyo kwezinye iindawo. Amaxesha amaninzi ichibi kwaye utshintshe ububanzi bayo. Ngoko Neva - i ezingazinzanga kakhulu ehlabathini lomlambo. Ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa ukuhla ezinjalo ukumelana nomoya kuba nzima kunene.

Imbali lomlambo

Ubunzulu Neva umlambo litshintsha lonke ixesha lokuqhubeka kwimbali ichibi. Umzekelo, ogudle lomlambo kwinkulungwane ye-19 kwafuneka izitishi 48 kunye nemijelo Obumbe siqithi 101. Kwinkulungwane yama-20 kwakukho ukuncitshiswa njengoko okugcina amanzi. Ngenxa yoko, kwakukho 41 kuphela siqithi. Kumaxesha amandulo kwisiza Neva kukho amanzi swimming pool kunye Ancylus Lake ivaliwe. Yaye ecaleni umlambo Tosna.

Neva ubunzulu waqala ukuthatha imilo kokufika echibini. Yonke le nto yaqala nhlanganiso amanzi equkuqela. Ladoga amanzi afikelela Gulf of Finland. Emva koko, malunga 4,500 eminyaka eyadlulayo, oko ndakubumba Neva. Pond zibalwa phakathi abaselula. Esisishwankathelo lokugqibela umlambo wathabatha kwiminyaka engama-2,500 kuphela eyadlulayo.

Kuwo indlela i Vikings ukuya kumaGrike. Neva okhankanywe uBomi Alexander Nevsky. umhlaba wonxweme komlambo bezihlala zitshintsha abanini. Ngenkulungwane ye-18, eli ichibi iye yaba yinxalenye yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Ngowe-1912, Neva (Peter) nobunzulu, nto leyo ngoku ukuya kutsho kwiimitha ezingama-24, bebubuncinci kakhulu. Kunye neminyaka engama-50 kuphela kamva waqalisa yokonyuka kumaxabiso zabo. Ingakumbi xa mthombo umzimba ngamanzi.

Inkcazelo ichibi

Neva Ubude - 74 km, apho iikhilomitha 32 eziphezu kummandla St Petersburg. Ububanzi avareji echibini -. 200 ukuya 400 m A nxalenye ebalulekileyo ifikelela iimitha 1250. Eli candelo umlambo Neva sise emasangweni, xa nkanyamba. Ububanzi kwaza -. 210 m, xa umthombo enemisinga Ivanovsky kunye somthi Cape.

Yintoni na ke ubunzulu Neva? Kuyahluka, kuxhomekeka kwindawo apho inxalenye ichibi. Umzekelo, kwi-Ivanovsky enemisinga komlambo ayafika ubunzulu kweemitha ezine, lo gama i-Bridge Foundry - amabini ke eziimitha ezine. Banks ye Neva uye nzulu ngasekunene, kodwa hayi engumnqantsa kakhulu. Ngenxa kule manzi izitya nga nokusondela elunxwemeni kunye YamaSilamsi.

Area of the Neva - 281 000 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Ngomhla kwintsimi dama namachibi 50,000 kwaye 60,000 imilambo kunye ubude ezingama-160 amawaka eekhilomitha. Neva ivela emlonyeni Shlisselburgskaya. Emva koko, umlambo, ukufikelela Gulf of Finland, yenza Delta enkulu. Xa umlomo Neva River yi St. Petersburg. Ngenxa isixeko emlanjeni, ukuba nobuninzi lamajelo, ebizwa ngokuba 'Venice North ".

ezindawo

Neva - umlambo kuphela ezivela Lake Ladoga. Somfula ebanzi - kummandla uyezibuko. Eli xabiso uhlala indlela eya kwindawo apho iphele Ivanovo ohamba. Kananjalo, apho p. Emxinwa eliya i Neva. Indawo kwaza oko - ekuqaleni kwale ohamba Ivanovsky. Kukho ububanzi emlanjeni 210 kuphela mitha. Le yebhotile yesibini phakathi iibhulorho kunye Palace uLieutenant Schmidt. Kukho ububanzi Neva 340 kuphela mitha. Ukuba sibe ngokwemimiselo jikelele, i-avareji - ukusuka iimitha ezingama-400 ukuya-600.

Ubunzulu Neva eSt Petersburg kuyahlukana nedlela indawo. Kwi-avareji, eli xabiso - evela iimitha 8-11. Ingongoma ejulile - iimitha ezingama-24. Kwaye izinga eliphantsi - neemitha ezine. Ukuphakama unxweme - ukusuka oziimitha ezi-5 ukuya ku-6, yaye emlonyeni - ayi-2 ukuya ku-3. esimhlophe nzulu, eshiya kakuhle phantsi kwamanzi, akomnye umlambo Neva neze.

Amachibi kunye nemingenela

Le ndawo isitya umlambo malunga 5000 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Kodwa ke ngaphandle kuquka ixabiso Ladoga kunye Onega namachibi. Ukuba uthathe ixabiso kunye nabo, ummandla Neva River yi 281.000 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Imijelo eziphambili ekunene - Black River kunye Okhta. Kwelinye icala lasekhohlo:

• Slavyanka;
• Murzinka;
• Tosna;
• Izhora;
• Khangela.

imizila

On Neva phantse zonke iibrorho - enokususwa. Eli nyathelo yenziwa ebusuku, kuba ezi ndinyana beempahla yamanzi. Zizonke elinantathu Neva drawbridges, ezilishumi kuzo nokunyuka imihla ngemihla. Oku kwenziwa ngokungqinelana ishedyuli ethile. Ngo-2004, i-iibhulorho yokuqala kuphela fixed wavula. Yena igama Big Obukhov. ubude bayo - 2824 eemitha.

Neva yanamhlanje

Ngo-2004, oko kwavula ibhulorho entsha phesheya Neva River kwi Ring Road. Ngowe-2007 laphehlelelwa "iwele" izibonelelo wamyala. Kwaye ngoJanuwari kulo nyaka oko kuvulelwa yezithuthi. Ubunzulu inkulu i Neva engamashumi amabini anesine eemitha. Yaye akukho ndawo kwechibi ayikho ukufuna enkulu. E Neve wasungula zothutho amanzi umkhweli. Amaxesha amaninzi phezu ichibi ukuqubha amaphenyane yabakhenkethi.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, enye yeenjongo eziphambili umlambo ngamanzi St. Petersburg kunye namadlelo ayo. Ezi iimfuno Neva ushiya amanzi malunga nama-95 ekhulwini. Yena ukuqhubekekiswa ngononophelo ezintlanu ngamanzi umzi.

Ukuloba Neva

Xa lokuloba bendawo Neve. Gulf of Finland uyaqhubeka amaqanda aphele. Yaye phezulu Neva wambamba ngokugqibeleleyo salmon. Abalobi unyule Kutuzov eweni. Kweli nqanaba, ungenza ukubamba Isakare Arctic, sisinkantazi, trout neKubhi. Egameni uLieutenant Schmidt eweni wabamba:

• sturgeon;
• wemifula emlanjaneni ;
• grayling;
• salmon;
• Pike;
• bream;
• burbot;
• Som.

Kwakhona athandwa kule ndawo ke ababambisi beentlanzi uPetros Paul Fortress kunye Pirogovskaya eweni. Ngamanye amaxesha, wabamba intlanzi enkulu kakhulu. Pike lifika ku-15 kg, kunye perches - 8 kg.

anika umdla

Ukuqala kunye 1895-1910 biennium. ice kwi Neva River wakhonza wokuweza yasebusika eyayidibanisa Island Vasilevsky kunye namanye kwizithili St Petersburg. Kwaye ngo-1936, lo mlambo ebewenza yi ibhulorho ufakelo lwesamente. Yena igama Volodarsky.

Kuba Neva uphawu nje kuphela White ebusuku, kodwa nezikhukhula. Ngexesha ukwakhiwa St. Petersburg isixeko waphuphuma kucingwe isohlwayo kaThixo nembuyiselo. Kwaye encwadini yeembali isixelela ukuba amanzi wema ngeenyawo-25. Ukuze ixesha elide kwaba nzima ukuseka unobangela iziganeko ezinjalo. Ukwakhiwa imisele ukuvumela amanzi ukuya kungena imibhobho.

Ngenxa yoko, ubunzulu Neva umlambo esoloko itshintsha. Inqanaba lamanzi ngexesha lancipha. umhlaba ogrunjiweyo sasetyenziswa iziseko zezakhiwo. Ngowe-1777, Neva isasazeke kakhulu kunene, waza waqalisa ukwakhiwa imibhobho. Kodwa kwezi sele zichaziwe kwi amanzi alichatshazelwa kakhulu kwaye ophuma ezintsimbini imithambo zezithuthi.

Kuphela kwenkulungwane ye-19, izazinzulu bakwazi ukumisela unobangela kwemilambo. Kwathi kanti loo ndawo amaza aphezulu koLwandle iBaltic eyele Neva kunye nokuphakamisa umgangatho wayo kwiimitha ezimbini enesiqingatha. Ke kaloku umoya kwaye wenze ukuya kwiimitha ezine. Ngoko Neva ubunzulu kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ukukhusela St. Petersburg ukusuka nezikhukhula ngo-1979, ukwakhiwa kwedama yaqala.

Yena wahamba nge Kronstadt, iindawo eziyelelene emdeni Gulf. Kodwa ukwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza kwi Liliphi elona xesha bubambene. imali eyanele. Kwaye ke ekuqaleni kwedama yokuqukunjelwa kuphela ngo-2006 wavalelwa ukusebenza ngo-2011 Ngoku, naxa Neva lisingisa kubonwa neemitha ezine, Saint-Petersburg isixeko uhlala phantsi ukhuselo. Edamini yenzelwe ukunyusa umgangatho wamanzi ukuya kwiimitha ezintlanu.