Ubungakanani sivuthiwe ngumkhaya neveki (jonga itheyibhile). Norms and ezinxaxhileyo nokuvuthwa ngumkhaya

Beendawo - iqumrhu ebalulekileyo umfazi omithiyo, nto leyo ibunjiwe apho lonke ixesha eli thole. Emva kokuba imbonakalo usana wazalwa isihlalo umntwana kuncothulwa. Lo mzimba unique yexeshana idibanisa unina kunye nomntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kuyinto ngenxa usana ngumkhaya ufumana izondlo eziyimfuneko.

isihlalo Child njengoko nayiphi na into ephilayo, ibunjiwe, kunye ukwaluphala oqolileyo. Nganye kwezi nokomzimba kufuneka lwenzeke ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, ukumitha kwakho kuya ukuqhubeka ngempumelelo, kwaye umntwana baya kuba sempilweni. Ukuba umama okhulelweyo ufuna ukwazi ntoni, umzekelo, kufuneka ibe kwiqondo lokuvuthwa ngumkhaya iiveki-33 zokukhulelwa, kufuneka usebenzise itafile olukhethekileyo kunye nezalathisi zolawulo. Loo scheme inikwa kwinqaku ngezantsi. Ngenxa yakhe, ungabona ukuba ekuphuhliseni isihlalo umntwana ngokuchanekileyo.

Xa ngumkhaya yenziwe?

igama ngumkhaya e Latin lithetha "tortilla". Le umzimba ibizwa ukuze ngenxa diski-ezimile yayo atshabalalisa.

Ehlabathini ngosuku lweshumi emva kokukhulelwa, iiseli iinjongo zabo kukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano phakathi unina kunye olungekazalwa baqale ngenkuthalo nesabelo. Oku kukhokelela ekuvelisweni enqanda ezithile. umsebenzi wabo kukudala indawo evumayo le lweHo- zesibeleko for Ukwanda elandelayo izondlo umntwana kunokwenzeka emzimbeni kunina. Emva koko, igazi ngokusisigxina phakathi abakhulelweyo kunye nosana. Ukukhula ngumkhaya uba esebenzayo ukwenzela ukuba ubungakanani umzimba kwi zigaba yokuqala umbungu nokuba igqithe ixabiso.

Okulandelayo kukho ukwanda rhoqo kwi ubunzima kunye nokukhula kumthi villous lezihlalo komntwana. Kuyaqhubeka eyayizalwa imithambo yegazi ngenxa yenkqubo ukwahlukana nganye entsha eziliqela. Lo mzimba yexeshana ozalisa inkqubo yokukhula phantse phambi kokuzalwa. Uphuhliso eyiyo isithuba zabantwana luphawulwa izikhombisi ezinjalo njengoko iqondo lokuvuthwa ngumkhaya neveki. Uluhlu ne iimpawu kokufanayo le nkcazelo thaca ngezantsi.

Yintoni ngumkhaya?

Eyona njongo iphambili kukunikezela beendawo ezingekazalwa wobomi lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa. Beka yabantwana iye misebenzi ibalulekileyo ilandelayo:

• Inika ukhuseleko ngumzimba yosana olungekazalwa, edlula-antibodies eziyimfuneko nosana umfazi omithiyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye igcina iiseli ezithile amajoni omzimba kamama, ngubani ukuqala indlela umbungu ukulahlwa, ukuthatha kuye into angaphandle;
• detoxifies;
• Ikhusela mntwana kwimpembelelo embi kokusingqongileyo, iziphumo eziyingozi iintsholongwane kunye iintsholongwane;
• Iqhuba imisebenzi kwamadlala yonyango, synthesizing iihomoni ezithile ezifunwayo ukuze ukukhulelwa yimpumelelo;
• Ukubonelela oxygen iziqhamo ovelisa isiphumo carbon dioxide;
• Inika umntwana izondlo yaye inceda balahle yeemveliso inkunkuma.

Isimo ngumkhaya kunefuthe ebaluleke kakhulu kwi umntwana kwinkqubo ukukhulelwa ngokubanzi. Kukugcina impilo umzimba kuyimfuneko ukukhusela kwi-lineziphumo eziyingozi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kucetyiswa ukuba ukuphepha lamanani inani elikhulu labantu, nkqu SARS banal okanye izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla inokuba yingozi. Umama okhulelweyo kufuneka anditshayi. Umfazi xa athe usulelo obuni, kufuneka yokuzifumana.

Regulatory beendawo ubukhulu

Ukususela kwasekuqaleni ukukhulelwa ngumkhaya ikhula ngamandla nokuphuhlisa. Yi iveki 16-18 le ilungu liba esebenza ngokupheleleyo. Ububanzi ngumkhaya kwandisa kancinci yonke imihla. iphezulu, eli nani liphuma ukuya kwezingama-34. Ukuba kwenzeka ngokukhuselekileyo ukukhulelwa, kusenjalo iiveki yokukhula kunye nokwanda Ebubanzini ngumkhaya zokumisa, yaye ngamanye amaxesha wayede aye ukwehla.

Lo umlinganiselo imeko isihlalo umntwana kumiselwa kuphela yi uxilongo ultrasound. Yiba isabelo kunye ubukhulu mkhulu.

Ukuba Ebubanzini kwesihlalo umntwana kwisigaba esithile ukukhulelwa lingenako ukuhlangabezana izikhombisi regulatory, oko kuthetha ukuba ukusebenza komzimba yaphulwe. Mhlawumbi ubunzima kunye nomntwana.

Enye salathisi ezinokusetyenziswa ukuhlola imeko izitulo umntwana, liqondo lokuvuthwa ngumkhaya neveki. Uluhlu lwamaxabiso elisezantsi bahlole ngokuchanekileyo le meko. Ngoku khawucinge xa ububanzi ngumkhaya yohlukile umgangatho.

Ukuba Ebubanzini ngumkhaya abatyebe

Cause ngokugqithiseleyo ukuqina ngumkhaya kwi umfazi okhulelweyo kuba anaemia, yokukhulelwa, Rhesus-impixano, isifo seswekile. Kwakhona nefuthe elibi izihlalo umntwana zizifo ezosulelayo. Ngaphezu koko, kukho ingozi naxa umama okhulelweyo inaso esi iintsholongwane. Ukuba umsi okhulelweyo, asele utywala okanye iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo, ngumkhaya bayo ubukhulu nako zandiswe.

Isantya ngokwaluphala lwezihlalo umntwana lo ngezifo olungongezwanga, yaye ngoko, umzimba ukhona eziqhuba kakubi imisebenzi yayo. Ukuba umkhaya eqinileyo, kuba emthanda, isakhiwo sayo udonga ezahlukeneyo, kukho isiphazamiso kumanqanaba hormone. Isiphumo yezi nguqu yi unikezelo elingonelanga ioksijini kunye nezondlo zabantwana. Oku kunokubangela intrauterine abazizidalwa ngokukhula baby hypoxia, ukuzalwa ngaphambi okanye ukufa olungekazalwa.

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo uxilongo ultrasound, Doppler okanye CTG, ugqirha unikela umfazi likhulelwe iziyobisi isihlalo umntwana anquma ezivuselela exchange zesibeleko-placental kunye nokuxhasa uphuhliso eqhelekileyo wosana. Ukuba imeko olungekazalwa akaphefumleli ukoyika, ugqirha kufuneka kuphela ukuba esweni ngokusondeleyo ngakumbi umama elizayo.

Ukuba ngumkhaya Ebubanzini ngaphantsi kunesiqhelo

ngumkhaya Thin kusenokuba kubonisa hypoplasia lezihlalo komntwana. Ngoko ke i imeko apho umzimba aphuhliswe ngokwaneleyo kwaye ungakwazi ukumelana nemisebenzi yazo.

Ukuncitshiswa kakhulu Ebubanzini ngumkhaya inokuba inkalo ye-siseko abakhulelweyo (ngokufuthi nto yenzeka abafazi ezincinane ukwakha), kwaye ibe ziziphumo eziliqela nezinye izizathu. Umzekelo, yinto engaqhelekanga onjalo kwenzeka emva kokuba umama okhulelweyo ubunzima sisifo esosulelayo. Kwakhona zingachaphazela lwegazi, isifo hemolytic, okanye yegazi.

Ukuba ubukhulu zaneleyo ngumkhaya na ngenxa yokugula yoomama elizayo, ukwanda zesi salathisi nga baphenjelelwe sisifo olufanelekileyo unyango. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha usebenzisa unyango zonyango ejoliswe ekunciphiseni iziphumo ezingalunganga ezinokwenzeka zophuhliso komntwana.

Lixesha lokuba kucingwe nani ezibalulekileyo ezifana ukuvuthwa ngumkhaya.

Yintoni bokudlala ngumkhaya?

Ekukhuleni ngumkhaya - inkqubo zendalo ihamba ukukhula komzimba. Development kwesihlalo umntwana yenziwe ngohlobo lokuba nga ngokupheleleyo kwaye ngendlela efanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa iimfuno olungekazalwa.

Ubungakanani sivuthiwe kwesihlalo komntwana - luphawu oluphambili. Oku kukunceda ukwazi ukuhlola imeko isakhiwo placental. Kwakhona, lo msebenzi osemqoka kunceda ukuze babone ngexesha utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo kubume ngumkhaya, nto leyo enokuba nefuthe elibi ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa.

Ukuba ukukhulelwa eziqhelekileyo, kuba ixesha ngumkhaya wayo elithile 4 uqolile. Inkcazelo eneenkcukacha nganye hlobo.

Ubungakanani sivuthiwe ngumkhaya neveki (jonga itheyibhile)

Ukwahlula degrees 4 ukukhula ngumkhaya. Ngamnye kubo uhambelana ixesha elithile uphuhliso kulo mzimba.

Apha ngezantsi itshathi isishwankathelo echaza inqanaba ngalinye sivuthiwe ngumkhaya neveki. Olu luhlu luqulethe iinkcukacha umntwana isakhiwo isihlalo kunye izihlunu chorionic kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo yokukhulelwa.

Le theyibhile ibonisa ukuba iqondo zero sivuthiwe ngumkhaya kwi kwiiveki 30 - isafobe into ngaphakathi kwemida eqhelekileyo. Ukuba ugqirha emva kokuba uviwo kamama elizayo ngoko akwazise ivuthwa isihlalo umntwana, ngoko olungileyo ukumitha.

inkcazelo eneenkcukacha nganye izidanga lokuvuthwa beendawo

Inqanaba elilandelayo nokwanda ngumkhaya kuba ukususela kwiiveki 27 ukuya ku-36 zokukhulelwa. Ngeli xesha ubungakanani isihlalo umntwana ayeke ukukhula kwayo, kodwa ukonyuka yayo ubukhulu ngokuthe ngcembe. I isidanga sokuqala sivuthiwe ngumkhaya kwezingama-34 - nesalathisi elungileyo. Nangona eli gama emva kotyelelo kugqirha kunokwenzeka ukufunda ukuba yokukhula isihlalo umntwana lifikelele kwinqanaba lesibini. Oku, kakhulu, uya kuba ngekhomyutha.

Kunye kwiiveki 34 kufike kakhulu enoxolo uzinzile ibakala nokwanda lezihlalo komntwana. Ngokuzalana ukuvuthwa ngumkhaya kwi kwiiveki 39 - nesalathisi umda. Emva kweli xesha, uphuhliso iqumrhu lexeshana kufuneka uye kumgangatho wesithathu. Ukuba inguqulelo enjalo iza kwenzeka phambi kwexesha elibekiweyo, ungakhathazeki. Unobangela oluqhelekilyo alarm kule meko ayikho.

Okulandelayo iza iqondo wesithathu sivuthiwe ngumkhaya. Kwi 36 iiveki kunye isihlalo umntwana kamva yinxalenye kwisigaba sokugqibela nophuhliso. Ngeli xesha kukho nomzimba yethutyana ukwaluphala eziphilayo. Oko kukhatshwa ukwehliswa kwindawo wotshintshiselwano ngumkhaya kunye ukuvela kukho inani elikhulu kwimimandla iidipozithi calcium.

Ukuba isihlalo umntwana ngaphambi izinga lophuhliso okanye ngokuchasene noko, isemva kuyo, ukuze aphuhlise ezimbi. iimeko ezinjalo kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Ukulibaziseka kuphuhliso ngumkhaya

Enye yeengxaki ezinxulumene izitulo umntwana, kusenokuba zivuthwe kwexesha. Malunga nale ngezifo uyakwazi ukuthetha, ukuba 2 sele ziyiqalile iqondo lokuvuthwa ngumkhaya kwi yokumitha kwiiveki 32 '. Kulo mzekelo, imeko yosana kufuneka esweni ngenyameko. Eneneni, kwimeko enjalo bubungqina insufficiency placental. Ngakumbi kwimeko eqhelekileyo oku kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Enye ingxaki eyenzeka alufane yangaphambili - ke emva kwexesha nokukhulisa izihlalo umntwana. Amaninzi, le leengxaki ungachazwa oko xa kukho malformations iziphene yosana olungekazalwa. izinto ezongezelelweyo umngcipheko sisifo unina elizayo kunye seswekile, Rhesus-ungquzulwano okanye ubukho umfazi omithiyo imikhwa emibi ezifana nokutshaya okanye usela utywala. Ukuba kukho ukulibaziseka ekukhuleni ngumkhaya, oko konyusa ingozi yokuba ukuzalwa komntwana efile.

nokuvuthwa ngaphambi ngumkhaya

Olu phuhliso ithathwa ngaphambi kwexesha xa nastaot ngokuzalana ukuvuthwa ngumkhaya xa kwiiveki 32 zokukhulelwa ngaphambili.

Izinto ezibangela ukuba esi sifo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• yokukhulelwa;
• ibhalansi hormone yamehlo;
• izifo kwenkqubo sentliziyo kunye nesifo seswekile sinwenwa xa ekhulelwe;
• ukubakhona kwezifo ezosulelayo;
• nomfutho umama okhulelwe;
• ukukhulelwa multiple;
• isiqulatho calcium kakhulu kwabasetyhini;
• previa okanye abruption placental;
• Rhesus-ingxabano;
• ukusetyenziswa kotywala okhulelweyo, inicotine, iziyobisi.

Kwakhona ingqalelo abantu abadala ngaphambi kwexesha, xa iqondo sesithathu ukuvuthwa le nastaot ngumkhaya phambi kwiiveki ezingama-36 zokukhulelwa. Kodwa ngokwayo ukuguga yokuqala izihlalo umntwana emngciphekweni wentshabalalo yangoko nangoko empilweni okanye nobomi olungekazalwa. Eyingozi le ngezifo xa ugqirha emva kokuba uhlolo wafumana ukunyhashwa umfazi omithiyo, nto leyo inokukhokelela neziphumo ezibi. Oku hypoxia ezingekazalwa, abazizidalwa ngokukhula intrauterine, umngcipheko yokuzalwa kwexesha.

Oogqirha kufuneka aqinisekise ubukho ngezifo, ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela diagnostic. Ukuba uloyiko yaye ndaqiniseka, unyango okhulelweyo zilandelayo, kwezinye iimeko, nokuba zokubhala.

isiphelo

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngumkhaya liqondo lokuvuthwa yayo. Olu phawu kwenza kube lula ukuba ukuhlola utshintsho zombini nokomzimba kwaye zophendlo lwezifo emzimbeni yethutyana. Bebhala ekuthethwe ngayo kweli nqaku itafile okhethekileyo, umama okhulelweyo bafumane kweminyaka ethile sokukhulelwa elihambisana iqondo lokuvuthwa ngumkhaya. kwiiveki 31, umzekelo, kufuneka luphawulwa kwinqanaba lokuqala izihlalo komntwana.

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zahluke kancinane kuphela izikhombisi umgangatho, engenaxhala. Themba ugqirha wakho. Uya kuqhuba izifundo ezongezelelweyo iza kuhlola imeko olungekazalwa kwaye ukumisela unyango olufanelekileyo xa kuyimfuneko.