Ubuhle echibini ekhenkcezisiweyo

Ukususela kwiimbombo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kufika abakhenkethi abathanda ubuhle engakholelekiyo kweli chibi zinzulu ehlabathini. Njengomgaqo, bakhetha ukuya kutyelela ihlobo, ngoko bambalwa abantu bazi indlela ubukeka amazing zibambene Lake zamanzi. Ukuba akunjalo ngokuba ngqwabalala imozulu yale ndawo, ubusika ukhenketho bangakonwabela enye impumelelo njengoko ihlobo.

ulwandle olukhulu

Ukuba uyakholwa na izazinzulu, i izimvu lelona chibi indala ehlabathini, engange yezigidi 20-30 eyadlulayo ngenxa shifts ziitectonic plates kwi kolu qweqwe lomhlaba. Le ndawo nangoku seismically ingazinzi, ngoko akukho nje imithombo ezininzi thermal, kodwa ezilele Lake izimvu uyakwazi ukuba yothuse kokufika omlilo phantsi ngumkhenkce, ukuze ukuba kukho ubungqina kwamangqina.

Ifunyanwa e East eSiberia kwintaba ephakame m 455 ngentla komgangatho wolwandle, eli chibi kunxweme kweekhilomitha kwama 1,800 kunye ubude 636 km kunye ngenyanga ukhumbuza ngendlela yayo.

Ubunzulu inkulu dama liba malunga neemitha 1640, nto leyo evumela ukuba lokuhlala kwindawo ebekekileyo yokuqala Guinness Book of Records, kodwa chibi ekhethekileyo kuphela nzulu kwalo, njengokuba kwilungiselelo.

Ukuba ichibi endalo amanzi acocekileyo (20% of zolondolozo zehlabathi), eli chibi ibekwe kwindawo apho indalo ngokwayo ithatha unonophelo yokugcina esimsulwa. Namhlanje, phantse yonke Ugu yolondolozo lwendalo, yaye ngowe-1996 wangena izimvu UNESCO World Uluhlu Heritage, kwaye uzive abantu into yokuqala, ukusondela kuye, nevumba neenaliti pine, njengoko zonke unxweme layo ligutyungelwe yi amahlathi.

Le ephilisa Iipropati antibacterial imithi coniferous eyaziwa eluntwini ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Inyaniso yokuba singqongwe edikeni, hayi ingozi. Le mithi coniferous kubongoza ebusika ngqwabalala, iyenza 10 ° C kunomzimba kwi Irkutsk enye, iqhele-70 km ukusuka dama, engaquki ukuthintela, kunjalo, umkhenkce kuyakukuqhwalelisa amanzi alo ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya ekupheleni kuka April. Abo babeyibonile le ifoto kwedike ngumkhenkce, sivuyisana elubala emangalisayo ngumkhenkce, uya kubona kwezinye iindawo le planethi.

sezulu

Eastern eSiberia yaziwa kwimozulu yayo kakhulu yelizwekazi yingqele, kodwa ukuba izimvu singqongwe iintaba nonxweme igutyungelwe ngamahlathi pine, uye wadala kwindawo microclimate yakhe. peculiarity lwayo kukuba ebusika sisiba ihlobo, phezu koko, kupholile ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo zaloo mmandla. Ubunzima elikhulu kakhulu amanzi ivelisa sezulu, Ibanga lobushushu apho isahlulo ubuze beli chibi -21 ° C ebusika ukuya +15 ° C ehlotyeni, yaye ukususela -25 ° C + 17 ° C kummandla oselunxwemeni.

Kuyinto isigqebelo, kodwa Baykal kwakhona ezahlukeneyo inani leentsuku sunny ngonyaka ngamnye. Umzekelo, apha kucacile ukuba iiyure 2350, ngoxa e Riga kunxweme - Iiyure 1839 kuphela. Xa siqwalasela imozulu indawo, lo ngowona sunniest Island Olkhon (iintsuku 64 xa kuthelekiswa 49 ukuba izimvu lo uphela). Hi ndlela leyi, esiwa phezu kungenzeka kunye nemvula ngaphantsi.

Kwi-avareji, idike iintsuku namafu ngonyaka ngamnye ezifowunelweyo 125, ngelixa Olkhon efanayo kukho 75 kuphela ngexesha elifanayo. Kwezi ndawo kunqabile iimvula elide tsakisaka abakhenkethi, ekubeni uninzi lwabo azimisele ukuza apha, ukubona mirages dumeke.

Ukuba wayeyazi indlela frozen Lake izimvu (ifoto ngezantsi), oko kwakuya zitshintshile ukuzingelwa iziporho kulo mfanekiso mkhulu okudalwe indalo ngokwayo: esibophelelayo yokupasa omkhenkce wayo amanzi.

isiziba unique

Kwi planethi akukho iindawo ezininzi kakhulu kunye namanzi acocekileyo ngokwenene kwaye icacile. Ukuba indawo yokuqala kolu didi ithatha kuLwandle Sargasso, ingcaciso yale oziimitha ezili-65, owesibini lowo izimvu kunye kwisalathiso 40 m, nangona ummandla photic, ekwezi ilanga, yi-112 m, njengoko oko kungqinwa eziphilayo ukukhanya-bothando abahlala apho.

Lake amanzi oksijini Ukwanda yi zibonakala ngokucacileyo xa ice-wambopha izimvu ipateni ekhenkcezisiweyo entle kakhulu adalwe amaqamza. Le elubala amanzi echibini inika magciwane abahlala kuyo, nokubunjwa kwayo ukusondela Yek njengoko indawo kancinane.

Ichibi sidla yi 336 enkulu imilambo kunye ukusuka 544 ukuya 1123 engavumelekanga imithombo, evela ukunyibilika ngumkhenkce ezintabeni okanye xa imvula. Angara - emlanjeni kuphela owawuphuma edikeni kunye nomthengisi ephambili yamanzi izimvu nguye Selenga.

delta Selenga

Yaba akhawunti yakhe amanzi phantse-50% ye nomthamo elwandle abavala ogudle umlambo, lisekwa nemingenela ezininzi eziqithini, ihlanganisa ngaphezu kwe-1000 km ^2. Kweli nqanaba, ezilele Lake izimvu ukhangela eyahlukileyo kwindawo engundoqo:

• okokuqala ekudibaneni Selenga ke kwaza kweli chibi, yaye umgama phakathi kweendonga zawo 26 kuphela km (inxalenye ebanzi ilingana 81 km);
• okwesibini, amanzi ashushu omlambo ukwenza emazantsi umkhenkce podtaliny, ngoko ke ngaphantsi nokuba ethembekileyo kunye ubukhulu okukhulu;
• Okwesithathu, iintanda ukwenzeka apha amaxesha amaninzi amele yingozi enkulu kwabo bagqiba ukuhamba ngeenyawo okanye ngemoto ukuya izimvu, njengoko abathile kubo ukufikelela ukusuka kwisiqingatha semitha ukuya kwiimitha ezili-4 ububanzi.

Ezinye nemifula ingenisa edikeni, yabasokolayo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye igalelo ingcaciso ngokubanzi kunye elubala yamanzi alo.

amaza chibi

Nje kuphela ngenxa elubala izimvu, kodwa imimoya, nganye eneyazo igama layo bebetha ngexesha elithile. Enkosi kubo, Mirror Lake olunqabileyo cwaka. Umzekelo, kwi lexinene Olkhonskiye ifomu esangweni wave umoya ukuphakama-4 m kwaye ekudibaneni kuyaphi kwindawo Selenga ichibi bafikelela iimitha ezi-6.

Njengomgaqo, imimoya enamandla uqale apha ekupheleni kwehlobo kwaye kuhlala ngalo ekuweni. Labantu bendawo uye kuwo la magama alandelayo:

• Verkhovik. Ifika ukususela kwintlambo esisemantla Angara kwaye kuvuthela ngaphandle ko ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10, ngaphandle ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwamanzi kufuphi nonxweme, kodwa phakathi kwedike ukunyuka le miyalezo ezimhlophe. ukuphakama kwawo esezantsi ku Agasti, kodwa ukuya ku-4 m ngoNovemba.
• Barguzin. Zolani ngaphandle zemimoya umoya bayakuvuyela zonke, njengoko inika imozulu ozinzileyo kuyatshisa.
• ayikwazi ukuba uthe kodwa kultuk, kuba oko kukhatshwa ukubonakala imvula, inkungu neenkqwithela.
• Eyona esibi, lwathi ngesantya ukuya kwi-40 m / s, - ngumoya Sarma. Oku kubangelwa kakhulu izaqhwithi ekwaziyo ngesibetho ngemini, ngaphandle ngokunciphisa isantya.

Xa ezi kunemimoya ngoNovemba, unako ukubona into ekhethekileyo: amaza edikeni yingqele engasoze ingqubekile elunxwemeni. Abafoti abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo kuza, nangona loo zemozulu zaziligezela Ukucima oku ngongoma. Amafoto emkhenkceni ichibi bunokubonwa amaphephancwadi ezininzi yodumo eziquka iindawo ezizodwa kunye neziganeko zehlabathi.

izigaba frost

Le nkqubo ithatha ixesha elide kwaye iqala lokusekwa lo mfanekiso ushukumayo yokuqala umkhenkce olomileyo, nto leyo lula ukwaphula otshangatshangiswayo. Emva koko ngaselunxwemeni ngokuthe kwakhiwa ice yokwakha-up okubangelwa yovalo ngamanzi, wabiza abantu zaberegami.

Apho, apho amaza kubetha ematyeni, kukho stalactites ice ijinga kubo. Frozen Lake izimvu unika phezulu enye iqabaka lokugqibela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkoliso yemilambo ingenisa ngayo, abangafuni kutshintsha kwiindlela ngumkhenkce. Kuphela 20 ° C iqala ukwandisa ngesantya Ixolo 4-5 cm ngosuku.

Inxalenye yawo esemantla chibi ligutyungelwe ice ukuya kutsho kwiinyanga ezi-6, yaye iintsalela lwenani lencopho ice floes zingafunyanwa apha ngoJuni, ngoxa nakwelasezantsi umkhenkce ichibi ibamba iinyanga nje 4-4.5.

Ubomi phantsi kwe ice

Ukuba, zingaphi seemitha engumkhenkce Lake izimvu, abantu abachaphazelekayo ngaphezu kwabo bonke abemi balo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le Ebubanzini umkhenkce edikeni kunqabile ngaphaya kangangeemitha ezi-2, evumela ukuba kukhwela ubunzima zokuhamba ukuya kwiitoni 15.

Best zonke ubusika zidluliselwe diatom ulwelwe edikeni ikho into akukuphazamisi okanye kukuchaphazele umsebenzi walo phantsi umkhenkce, kodwa kunoko, ukunyusa biomass yayo 100 g / m ^2.

uhlobo ukuze olumkileyo unikela ukuba ukuyilwa nasentshonalanga ice ebangelwe umahluko ubushushu imini nobusuku, umkhenkce ubuso. Kulo mzekelo, izandi izala ngexesha le ngozi, hayi ngaphantsi amandla zokudubula umlilo. Ayangena eqalisiweyo umkhenkce iwela ioksijini, esivumela intlanzi ukuze baphile phantsi ice iziphumo de entlakohlaza.

ebusika landscape

Frozen Lake izimvu - yinto show ekhethekileyo ngokwenene ngenxa apho kunokwenzeka khona ukuba ashiye ikhaya ifudumele ahambe gabhu ehlabathini lonke. Yena, buvele ungqongqo ikhefu nombono ohlala ngaphaya ice ubukhulu apho izityalo ezibonakalayo, intlanzi kunye engumkhenkce amaqamza ezininzi.