Theory Humanistic ubuntu: umntu ngamnye isiqalo esihle

Kude kube kwinkulungwane yama-20, oko alawula enetyala kucace ukuba abantu - Ekuqaleni, isidalwa engathethekiyo ububi, kunye zinto kuphela lwangaphandle (umzekelo, imfundo) anqande nethuku izilwanyana.

Noko ke, iingcali zefilosofi kunye iisayikholojisti kwafuneka ukuba uhlaziye ezi zimvo emva iimfazwe ezimbini, apho wazibonakalisa na umntu njengesidalwa eqwengiweyo nethuku. Kwiimeko ezininzi ubuqhawe, ngumbingelelo ingcamango igama lizwe, kukho indoda kwakhokelela ekubeni owasungula ingcamango humanistic ubuntu. koqobo bayo bakholelwa Abraham Maslow ngubani Aristotle indoda ekuqaleni elungileyo, ngokomoya, into yokuba abantu bafune uThixo. Yeyona iimeko zangaphandle ezimbi igalelo zokunqanda ezi zidingo.

Self-actualization

Igama engundoqo, leyo isebenza na humanistic ithiyori ubuntu, kuba ingqiqo self-actualization. Uyaziveza kwinkqubo yokomoya nakuphuhliso lobume amandla yokuziphatha kwabo, actualized umntu. Oku kuthetha ukuba uyakuqonda iimfuno zakhe sokwazi, sibakhulule ngokwabo kwidyokhwe zangaphandle ezimbi, kwaye uzama ukuhlangabezana nazo. Oku kuphuculwa indlela yakhe "Mna" kuthiwa self-actualization inkqubo. Humanistic theory zophuhliso zobuntu ukholelwa ukuba umntu usoloko ezama ngenxa self-ekufezekisweni iimfuno zabo isegazini, yaye le nkqubo ayikho yokugqibela (ngenxa yokuba kusoloko kukho into efunekayo). Ngoko ke, ubuntu uhlala ukulwela yophuhliso inkqubela kwaye ayikwazi elide eziwela.

Imfundiso UErich Fromm

Abaninzi yile kukuva ukuba umntu uthathwa njengokwaziyo HIV ekuqaleni. Phi unya olungaka, umsindo, ulwaphulo-mthetho? theory Humanistic zobuntu icebisa ukuba nkqu nabantu abaninzi ngogonyamelo ezifuneka phambili ukuze self-uphuhliso, nje mfuneko yokuba kuvalwe i iimeko ezimbi zentlalo. Umntu ngamnye angaqala ukuphumeza ezi mfuno naliphi na inqanaba lobomi babo. Kulo mba, asinakho alingekhankanywa igama psychoanalyst odumileyo UErich Fromm, ngubani wabona umntu umnqweno ukusebenza kunye nothando. theory Humanistic yobuntu UErich Fromm ubeka phambili inani eliphezulu iimfuno ebomini, ezo ziyafumaneka umntu:

• kufuneka uthathe unonophelo umntu (zonxibelelwano nabanye);
• imfuneko ukudala (zokusebenza);
• umnqweno ukhuseleko, uzinzo (imfuneko yokuba inkxaso);
• imfuno ulwazi lwabo yayo;
• imfuneko inkqubo inkolelo explanatory;
• imfuneko yokuba intsingiselo yobomi (kufuneka ibe yinto).

Fromm wayekholelwa ukuba uxinzelelo yeemeko zangaphandle ugqiba ezi mfuno, nto leyo umntu akayithandi into endiyifunayo. Le yi ingxabano womelele. Fromm phambili ingcamango humanistic ubuntu ubonisa indlela indoda ekulweni umnqweno ezimbini malunga: ukulondoloza ubuqu kunye musa ukuhlala ngaphandle oluntu, bantu. Apha kwi uncedo ngamnye uza uhlenga xa uza kwenza ukhetho - ukuthobela imithetho oluntu kwaye ngoku ingqalelo iimfuno zabo.