The State Russian Museum: imveliso "Black Square", "I weThoba Wave", "Imihla Yokugqibela sePompeii" (ifoto)

The State Russian Museum e St. Petersburg - uqokolelo likhulu mizobo abaculi Russian, ezingaphezulu kwama-400 amawaka ziingceba. Loo ingqokelela yobugcisa Russian kweli hlabathi akukho ngakumbi.

Ukudalwa Museum Russian

Ummiselo phezu ngokusekwa myuziyam yapapashwa ngo-1895. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Mikhailovsky Castle kunye umyezo kwathengwa ngeenxa zonke, kunye nenkonzo, namaphiko. Xa umthetho ngayo yonke imisebenzi, sele ezifunyenwe yi myuziyam, awukwazi ukuthengisa okanye ukudluliselwa kuye nabani na. Kufuneka njalo kule ngqokelela. Ngowe-1898, uRhulumente Russian Museum yavulwa iindwendwe. St. Petersburg iminyaka ezintathu zibheke phambili kwesi siganeko. Kufunyenwe imisebenzi evela Academy of Arts Omhle, i Hermitage, i Winter Palace, kwaneempepha zabucala. exposure yokuqala akazange kakhulu.

emva kwempi

Lenkongozelo rhoqo enobutyebi ize yandiswe le ndawo myuziyam ngenxa ukongeza izibonelelo ezitsha. Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II yonke imisebenzi zexabiso babalekiswa yaye ayisoze isokole. Abo abaseleyo phakathi komzi ongqingiweyo, ziye zahlanganiswa ngononophelo kwaye zigcinwe angaphantsi. Bahlala bunjalo ngokupheleleyo nayo. The State Russian Museum na ukumelana ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi onjalo onzima - ukugcina mboniso yonke, leyo sele bungaphezu kweekhilogram ezingamawaka asixhenxe nemiboniso.

Height museum

abasanda athathe ifakwe imi--50. Ndabeka uRhulumente Russian Museum, kwaye usebenza Mikhailovsky Palace kunye Inqaba i Engineers, kwi Benois Wing, kwakunye nezinye izakhiwo. Zinelungelo icandelo yobugcisa yamandulo kunye nemisebenzi nanto Rublev, anoDiyonisiyo kunye nezinye ngabapeyinti ezininzi kumaXesha Aphakathi phambi kwexesha nasemva kwexesha. Igcina State Russian Museum, usebenza 18-yee-19 eminyaka. Le ifoto ibonisa umsebenzi nguDmitry Levitsky "Portrait E.I.Nelidovoy". uyazingca le Museum ugqibezele lo mfanekiso thaca iindwendwe. Kufakwa amagama neefani amagcisa ethu ebalaseleyo brilliant luya eninzi isithuba. Umelo olubanzi State Museum Russian imisebenzi yee kunye kwenkulungwane ye-19, kunye nomsebenzi amagcisa "World of Art" kunye namagcisa Futurist, nabo ikratshi yimyuziyam. A lonke igumbi unikezelwa imisebenzi A. Benoit, igcisa, mbali, decorator. Photo, AN Benoit "Parade ebukumkanini noPawulos». Le myuziyam iye imizobo abaculi Soviet onke amaxesha eSoviet Union. Sithetha nje, eqokelela ze ebonisa imisebenzi Museum omtsha Russian State, engaqhelekanga. Eli sebe lunikezelwa iintsingiselo yakutshanje, wadalwa malunga namashumi amathathu eminyaka eyadlulayo.

yokudweba odumileyo

Kuyinto "Black Square" kwinkcazelo. The State Russian Museum wathenga sele kunye notoriety kwaye ibekwe Benois Wing. Yenza ngehlazo yaba umsebenzi owenziwa ngamagcisa Futurist, uze supermatistov ukutsala ingqalelo. UBush wabo Herostrat ukuba ahlale kule iinkophe, wayitshisa itempile. Umnqweno ephambili Malevich kunye nabalandeli bakhe - kutshabalalisa bonke ukuba balahle zonke miba, kwaye ngoku uza kwenza zobugcisa endaweni ehlambulukileyo, flat zingenangcambu zoma kwaphela. Ekuqaleni, Malevich yayimbombo emnyama ngathi intwana ndithanda ukuba opera. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, wadala imfundiso, ebonakalalisa ukuba ngaphezu kwabo bonke (supermatizm), kwaye uphike yonke: imilo kunye nendalo. Nje kukho ubugcisa ngaphandle nto.

Umboniso onomtsalane 1915

Xa "0,10" bonisa kwakukho imizobo, equka izikwere, iminqamlezo, izangqa, yaye igumbi kwikona ekunene kwi phezulu, apho hang icon, Malevich kuxhonywe isikwere. Yintoni ebalulekileyo? Isikwere okanye indawo apho wamxhoma? Kakade ke, loo ndawo ibaluleke ngaphezu koko akutsalwa, ingakumbi xa ucinga ukuba kubhaliwe kwathiwa "nto". Khawuthelekelele "akukho nto" endaweni kaThixo. Esi yaba sisiganeko esikhulu kunene. Yaba phenomenally abanetalente PR intshukumo, wacinga ekupheleni, kuba ayikho into uboniswa. Le ntetho yayikukuba - nto, nasithokothokweni, engento, ubumnyama endaweni kaThixo. "Endaweni icon, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuya ukukhanya - umendo ebumnyameni, kwi aqandusele, kwigumbi elingaphantsi, emhadini" (Tatyana Tolstaya). Art ufile, nantsi isiqwenga ububhanxa endaweni. Ngaba niyavuma ukuhlawula imali kuyo. "Black Square" yi Malevich - akukho ubugcisa, yaye isenzo brilliant Umthengisi nesiphiwo. Mhlawumbi, i "ibhokisi elimnyama" - ukumkani ze, kwaye oku kubalulekile ukuthetha ngayo, yaye hayi malunga nobunzulu ekuqondeni ihlabathi. "Black Square" - nga ni vutshila, ngokuba:

Apho kukho ingqiqo italente?

Apho ubuchule apho? Nabani na zoba isikwere.

Apho kukho ubuhle? Umbukeli kufuneka elide ukuba ucinga ukuba kuthetha ntoni, yaye akazange aqonde.

Apho kukho lunyhasho izithethe? Akukho siko.

Ngoko ke, xa sikhangela kulo mbono, siyakwazi ukubona ukuba kwenzeke ntoni kwaye kwenzeka nge art into echasene ne ukunyaniseka eqala ukuba ndibhenele ingqondo, oko kukuthi, "Mna kudala ndacinga ukuba ukwenza oko kwaba ihlazo, ndaze ndaqaphela" . Umntu oqhelekileyo azibuze: "Kwakutheni ukuze benze loo nto? Ndandifuna ukuba imali, okanye Ndingathanda ukuvakalisa ezinye iimvakalelo zakhe? ". Umbuzo ngokunyaniseka kwavela kuba umzobi ecinga, ukuba uzithengise. Ukufuna izinto ezintsha yi ubugcisa ukugqibezela irrelevance, yaye ukuzibophelela ngokwasengqondweni ivela entloko kunokuba intliziyo. Malevich kunye ilk wakhe babekhangele iindlela amanyundululu kunye neentengiso, ngoku waphakamisa ukuba ilingane yobungcali. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba phantsi ithiyori yayo indalo kwaye dibanisa funny igama elide ukrelekrele into ebaluleke ngaphezu kumfanekiso. Unekhono kuluntu lwethu ithathwa ngesizathu esithile ukuba umntu akucaci. Ukungabikho yokomoya kwi "bhokisi elimnyama" kuba abantu abaninzi bayathandabuza. Uphawu yamaxesha kunye norhwebo abanezakhono i "ibhokisi elimnyama." The State Russian Museum ayikwazanga awuphoswa "sithetha" umsebenzi onjalo.

Drama phezu kolwandle

Ngowe-1850, Aivazovsky wadala umfanekiso omkhulu-isikali "I weThoba Wave". The State Russian Museum ngoku ubhenca lo msebenzi. wave enamandla esisemnyango phezu kwitekisi. Ubuntu inikwa kulo mfanekiso njengento oomatiloshe lilishwa kuwo intsalela lwemasti, akukho nto ingako ezifanelekileyo yokudada, ngamandla ebambelela kuyo, lo gama nencum ufekethe ufuna ukufunxa. ezingqondweni zethu bifurcated. Ukuba ithathe ukunyuka kule Iliza elikhulu. Singena phezulu isindululo kunye novavanyo ombane yayo phakathi ikama kunye nomkhosi womxhuzulane, ingakumbi mzuzu xa tip yaphulwe kunye nencum iguqulelwa a amagwebu. Shaft lijoliswe abo bangena lwesi sakhi amanzi ngaphandle kokucela. Oomatiloshe amandla asebenzayo, apho lingena ngayo amaza. Ungazama ukuba zilithathele ingqalelo eli track njenge umfanekiso ukuvumelana kwindalo, njengoko umfanekiso indibanisela evumelanayo yamanzi nomhlaba, nto leyo ebonakalayo, kodwa ekhoyo ezingqondweni zethu. Amanzi - element kolwelo, ziyatshintsheka, edlulayo, nomhlaba njengoko into ephambili yethemba lowo ongazanga ukhankanywe. Kule uhlobo incentive indima ebonakalayo yabaphulaphuli. Lo ngumfanekiso wendalo iphela, oboniswe nge landscape. Amaza elundini khangela ngathi iintaba wambu yinkungu, yaye ngakumbi nokuthantamisa, waphinda kufutshane kumbukeli. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni ii-odolo kuqamba ezinesingqi. umbala Imbetha, izityebi zibe nombala pink nemfusa esibhakabhakeni, yaye eziluhlaza, nemisonto emsi nemfusa elwandle, ababuleweyo kunye imitha yelanga eliphumayo, bethwele uvuyo nethemba. Elinye lamagugu zokuqokelelwa ngumsebenzi naye, "The weThoba Wave". The State Russian Museum abe wobugcisa eyabhalwa Aivazovsky oselula.

Intlungu emhlabeni

Ukuba umfanekiso yangaphambili izinto ezimbini ababandakanyeka, amanzi kunye nomoya, i ngelaphu isenzo olandelayo menacingly umhlaba kunye nomlilo - yi "Imihla Yokugqibela sePompeii." The State Russian Museum andizamkelanga kweNtlanganiso of the Academy of Arts. Ibhalwe 1834 kwaye wayibonisa eRoma, umfanekiso owenziwe phakathi abavela, kamva phakathi abaphulaphuli kuyabuya Russian. Pushkin, Gogol, Baratynsky bachitha imigca zakhe entliziyweni. Kutheni lo msebenzi ubalulekileyo namhlanje? iintshukumo zeplastiki, ajike iintloko kunye namaqumrhu, le Dynamics yesixhobo bala wegcisa waphila iziganeko zeminyaka adlulileyo. Sizibandakanye kumava ezimbi zabantu abaza sifele udaka lomlilo zibangelwa yi-dubulo mlilo, kunye nenyikima enamandla. Ngaba namhlanje akukho ntlungu? uhlobo Perfect classical le mveliso, nangobungcibi bamashishini enkulu, usikhumbuze amagama amagcisa High Renaissance. Ubuciko Karl Briullov nokhupho ubuhle bayo, nangona lokuba zazibonisa ukufa impucuko yamandulo.

Museum kukanye

Ekuqaleni imyuziyam wayebunjwa Imperial Palace, ke ngoku lonke lomculo, ezintle ngokungaqhelekanga, ukuba iziko yenkcubeko, njengoko usombulula imisebenzi yesayensi neyokufundisa. Ukususela ezinzulwini kwiinkulungwane beza kuthi okwakufudula zabazobi enkulu. Classic, romantic, lwasekhaya, uhlobo igcina State Russian Museum isebenza. Photo esibonisa isakhiwo engundoqo - i Mikhailovsky Palace. Le yokuhlala sakhiwa ukubamba umsebenzi brush yeenkosi.

Lomculo, nawayenxuse ebhotwe

The State Russian Museum ligcinwe ezikhumbuzo ezintandathu bokwakha kweenkulungwane 18-19, ezihlobeneyo i Ihlobo Mikhailovsky imiyezo, apho iindwendwe ndincome nje kuphela ukutyala ngqo rhoqo imithana kunye nemithi, kodwa imifanekiso emihle. Izakhiwo museum ezi ukhenketho ekhokelwa, kwakunye nokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezongezelelweyo ngumhlohli, cinema, udidi online, kukwazi, exhobele ukulungiselela abantu abakhubazekileyo.