Strychnine - ntoni na? Imiyalelo yokusebenzisa, iimpawu ityiwe

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba amachiza amaninzi yityhefu umzimba. Konke kuxhomekeke koko idosi ukusebenzisa enye okanye enye iziyobisi. Kukho kwakhona zizinto ukuba iityhefu. ukusebenzisa kwabo kuyingozi kakhulu. Noko ke, abanye babo zisetyenziswa amayeza. Umzekelo, iziyobisi zisekelwe bee kunye nenyoka ityhefu, strychnine. Ithamo imithi mawulandelwe ngokuthe ngqo. Ngapha koko, ukuba idlule isixa into esebenzayo, kunokubangela ityhefu kuphela enzima, kodwa ebulalayo. Umzekelo i strychnine iziyobisi. Yityhefu eziqulathwe kule nto yityhefu kakhulu ebantwini nasezilwanyaneni. Kodwa xa kusetyenziswa hi mpimo lowutsongo asinto ibe nafuthe therapeutic.

Strychnine - ntoni na?

Le nto ke imvelaphi yemifuno. Oku kusetyenziselwa kuphela iinjongo amayeza, kodwa ibe yityhefu namabuzi. Ngenxa ubuthi ephakamileyo, abantu amisele iziyobisi ezisekelwe kulo mbandela, cela: strychnine - ntoni na? Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba sixhobo sele yabelwe ngo-1818. Ilungiswe yi laboratory yayo. Yeyiphi iqulethe strychnine kwaye zeziphi iikhemikhali libhekisela? Esi sixhobo ke sezakhi zendalo indole. Ikhoyo nokubakho iimbewu zezityalo chilibuha. Kananjalo ngokuba "zepistasi emetic." Chilibuha ikhula kwimozulu yetropika zaseAfrika Asia. Ngaphandle strychnine, kunye nezinye imbewu ziqulathe sezakhi. Umzekelo, brucine kweziyobisi. Ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango kwiimeko zelebhu nitrate strychnine, ngamanye amazwi - ityuwa Nitrate. Ngeedosi enkulu alkaloid equlethwe imbewu chilibuha zijongwa iityhefu. Zinelungelo iqondo eliphezulu yetyhefu kwaye ezibulalayo ebantwini.

Effects on strychnine umzimba

Le into strychnine - ntoni na? Ezinye data kwi nefuthe esi sixhobo inokufumaneka uncwadi. Phakathi kwabo - eyaziwa iinoveli classical ka Jack London, Agatha Christie. Kule misebenzi, amaqhawe kufa ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni kule ityhefu. Ukongeza, umbhali IsiNgesi Gerbert Uells akuchazayo elinye lamabali akhe ivuselela zebhayoloji, ngenxa apho umntu uziva kwakhula amandla. Sithetha strychnine. Eneneni, le nto iye iipropati efanayo. Le ntshukumo strychnine kukuba kuba unokublokha neurotransmitters ezithile. Phakathi kwabo, glycine - into ziyibuyisela umva le Uhanjiso neemvakalelo ecaleni umnqonqo. Ngenxa kule strychnine isiphumo kucingwa njengendlela zivuse luvo.

Xa ukusetyenziswa iingedosi ezincinane ukwimo emzimbeni kwenzeka ezi nkqubo zilandelayo:

1. Nokukhuthaza izivamvo. Nale eyomeleziweyo imisebenzi ezifana ukujoja, ukuva, ngaphandle kwebala, incasa kunye emehlweni.
2. Excitation zihlunu skeletal kunye myocardium.
3. Ukomeleza yeenkqubo pathways emzimbeni.
4. Ingqondo e-nervous system, kuquka yokuphefumla kunye neziko vasomotor.

Ukusetyenziswa strychnine in Pharmacology

Ngokumalunga isiphumo strychnine luvo nokusetyenziswa kwayo amayeza. Noko ke, amachiza eziqulathe ityhefu, esetyenziswa kuphela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo. Amayeza abo kulo isakhiwo strychnine Nitrate. Cishe ezingenakunyibilika emanzini abandayo kunye nomoya. Nitrate na uhlobo ngumgubo ezimhlophe eziquka ziikristale. Amayeza equlathe into ibhekisa kudidi kulungiselelwa 1, okt iziyobisi ingakumbi yingozi. Ngenxa yeziphumo zayo, strychnine sebenzisa kwi izifo ezibandakanya inhibition neemvakalelo-luvo. Eyona yesebe amayeza, nto leyo usebenzisa iziyobisi ezifanayo - a yeenkqubo zengqondo. Ukongezelela Pharmacology, strychnine elisetyenziswa ityhefu for besikrekrethi - iimpuku kunye neempuku. Ngaphambili, kuphela into ezisetyenziselwa disinfestation.

Malungiselelo mani eziqulathe strychnine

Ngoko ke, "strychnine" - yintoni na kwaye yintoni iziyobisi iqulathe? Amalungiselelo ukuba kumafa zalo ityhefu, kukho iqela mziba nervous system central. Ekusebenzeni kukho medicament ezimbini amayeza equlethe strychnine. Ezi ziquka:

1. Tincture chilibuha. It is a ulwelo emdaka ukuba incasa ekrakra. ukuthotyelwa ngqongqo le ngokunxulumene ilandelayo: 16 iigrem iziyobisi owomileyo (i chilibuha isicatshulwa) kwilitha 1 sisombululo utywala 70%. Le medicament iquka kuphela strychnine. Ichiza thaca kunye nezinye sezakhi, kuquka brucine. Tincture iqulethe 0.25% of esisebenza.
2. izityalo luthathe chilibuha Dry. Kwakhona ebizwa emetic nut iziyobisi. It is a ngumgubo omdaka. Esha. Ukusebenzisa umgubo unyityilikiswa emanzini. Xa oku ratio 1/10 waphawula. I-powder iqulethe malunga ne-16% ye sezakhi chilibuha - strychnine kunye brucine.

La machiza abanayo amagama orhwebo. Used in ifomu isisombululo kunye namacwecwe.

Amalungiselelo eziqulathe strychnine: imiyalelo yokusebenzisa

Njengoko strychnine ingawuqhekeza kuyingozi kakhulu, ukuthobela imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko ayikwazi ukudlula idosi konwaywa ichiza! Kufuneka kwakhona sinikele ingqalelo Izimo ukusetyenziswa ngamalungiselelo eziqulathe strychnine. machiza ezinjalo akufunekanga ukuba isetyenziswe kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka 2 abafazi ubudala, abakhulelweyo kunye nabongi. Ubekwa ichiza nga gqirha kuphela. Ngoko ke, amachiza eziqulathe strychnine: imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa.

1. inani yomlomo ichiza. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iyeza sebenzisa ngaphakathi. Ukulungiselela le njongo i ukumnika chilibuha ezinxilisayo kunye namacwecwe (equlethe esi sicatshulwa eyomileyo). Kuxhomekeka ubungqongqo iimpawu, ubudala kunye nobunzima isigulane. ithamo okunikezelwe omdala ukusuka 0.5 ukuya ku-1 mg amaxesha 2-3 ngosuku. Ukuba ifom umthamo ichiza - alcoholate ngoko ilawulwa 3-10 amathontsi (1 ekukhonzeni). ithamo aphezulu abantu abadala ithathwa 5 mg ngosuku. Babies imali esisebenza ikhethiwe ngamnye, ngokuxhomekeke ubunzima bomzimba. A idosi enye ye- mg 0.1 ukuya 0.5.
2. ulawulo ongama le medicament. Used 0.1% nesisombululo strychnine. Le idosi yemihla ngemihla yi-1 Ml (1 ampoule) ukulungiselela.

Iimpawu zibonisa ukuba ngokusebenzisa strychnine

Nangona ukusebenza iziyobisi, ube strychnine wayo ekwakhiweni, ukuba elawulwa kwiimeko ezinqabileyo. Inkoliso amagqirha bacebisa ukuba izigulane iziyobisi akanangozi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho kuyimfuneko ekubizweni strychnine. Kukho Yayibubungqina zilandelayo ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa la mayeza:

1. zizigulo ebuhlungu engapheliyo-luvo. Phakathi kwabo - zizihlunu kunye paresis ke imilenze emva istroke.
2. Ukungabikho onombilini. Sisazi ukuba nitrate of strychnine na incasa ekrakra endibuthethileyo kakhulu, uyayivuselela umnqweno ukuba adle.
3. Ukophulwa yengxinano yokuva mbono. Kulo mzekelo, amachiza kumiselwe kuphela kwiimeko apho kukho utshintsho ezisebenzayo kwi izivamvo.
4. Induku. Okwangoku, amalungiselelo eziqulathe strychnine, hayi phantse ezisetyenziselwa erectile kwekhono.
5. Alcoholism ayikho efanele kunyango ngezinye iindlela.

Izimo ukusetyenziswa strychnine

Amalungiselelo eziqulathe strychnine, ukuba contraindicated abantu abaphethwe zizifo sentliziyo (angina sifuba, lwegazi, yamafutha) kunye nenkqubo zokuphefumla (isifuba, COPD). Kwakhona, abanako isetyenziswe ezimbi ze ndlala ndlala, wesibindi nezintso ukusilela. Oku akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukutyunjwa la machiza xa ekhulelwe, zisanyisa, abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kwaye abantu babe imbali yombono.

Iimpawu ubuthi ngu strychnine

I imeko kakhulu esiyingozi kucingwa ukuba tyhefu kunye strychnine. Iimpawu oku efana umfanekiso bezonyango belo ngqi. Bekela bucala ezilandelayo iimpawu Ityhefu: photophobia, ukudandatheka yokuphefumla, unditsho, lockjaw, ligwinya kakuhle. Strychnine ingqalelo idosi ezinkulu 1 mg nganye ubunzima bomzimba kg.