St. UDemetriyo of Rostov: engobomi, iincwadi xikhongelo. Life of St. Dmitriya Rostovskogo

Enye abangcwele Orthodox kakhulu ayeze yi Dmitriy Rostovsky. Waba waduma kakhulu into yokuba eso-wayesaziwa kakuhle "Ubomi of the Saints." Lo mfundisi wahlala kwixesha utshintsho uPetros Enkulu inkxaso ngokubanzi kuzo. Nangona kunjalo, i owala ngamandla kokuphazanyiswa ngurhulumente engcwele kwimicimbi yeCawa kwaye ekupheleni kobomi bakhe labalingisa abaxhasi Tsarevich Alexei.

ebuntwaneni

Orthodox Saint nguDmitry Rostovsky wazalwa ebusika 1651 kwidolophana ekufutshane of Kiev Makarov. Kwathiwa ke uDaniyeli. intsapho yakhe ezinikele kakhulu, wakhula umKristu ozinikeleyo. Ngowe-1662 abazali bakhe bafudukela eKiev waza waya kufunda Kyïv-Mohyla Collegium. Apha ke ngempumelelo wafunda Latin nangesiRoma, kwakunye nenani Sciences yamandulo. Ngowe-1668, ezolileyo, impilo buthathaka, uDaniyeli waba seal woonongendi Kirillov kunye nguDmitry got igama. ukuthobela emishini wathabatha ngo-1675.

Umshumayeli ilizwi likaThixo

Ngowe-1669 Dmitriy Rostovsky, ogama biography uzele iindidi kweziganeko, zanikezelwa ierodyakona. Ngowe-1975, uBhishophu Lazar Baranovych wabizela kuye Chernigov yaye uzinikele ububingeleli, elimisiweyo umshumayeli kwi Cathedral kwe ngombono Cathedral. Ngoko ke uyise nguDmitry waya Slutsk kunye Vilna, apho abaninzi wasebenza ngenxa yozuko lukaThixo. Kungekudala emva koko udumo lwayo njengomshumayeli nesiphiwo, wayedla waqalisa ukumema igunya ngokwenyama nangokomoya. Emva kokufa komhlobo wakhe, umdali Slutsky weemonki seal Skachkevicha wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe - in Ruthenia e Baturina.

Igumenstvo kunye ukuqala umsebenzi ebomini

The Little Saint nguDmitry Rostov wahlala eMonastri in Baturin. Kungekudala, Noko ke, wafikelela ingqalelo ngubhishophu Chernigov. Ngowe-1681 umshumayeli oneminyaka engama-30 ubudala, waba umphathi woonongendi Maksanovskogo, yaye emva kwethutyana - Baturyn. Kule sikhundla nguDmitry uyise wahlala ixesha elide kakhulu. Ngowe-1683 wafudukela eKiev-Pechersk Lavra. Apha 1684 abaNgcwele baqalisa umsebenzi ezinkulu ebomini bakhe - ukuzoba up "Chetih-Saints." Kamva wamiselwa Umphathi wesibini Baturyn monastery. Kodwa ngo-1692 ephinde waya eKiev. Ngaphezu koko, kube ngokulandelelana elawulwa Abbot Glukhovski, Kirillov kunye Eletski (Chernigov) nezigodlo. Ngowe-1700 waba wabizelwa eMoscow, apho wadibana yokuqala uPetros Enkulu, waza wamiselwa Metropolitan of Rostov. Ukuzinikela senziwa ngoMatshi 23, 1701.

Metropolitan of Rostov

Ngowe-1703, Dmitriy Rostovsky, ogama biography phambi kokufa kwakhe iye yanxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo ekuzeni kwayo, wafika kwisikhululo umsebenzi omtsha. Apha bajamelana neengxaki ezininzi, wayeyintloko phakathi apho ungenelelo kwamandla yehlabathi kwimicimbi kukuliphi. Ngaphambi nje kokuba ukuqeshwa kayise nguDmitry kwisixeko ubuya umyalelo emishini, kolawulo ipropati ecaweni, ukongamela iimonki kunye almshouses. Kuyinto zingambi kakhulu e Rostov St. wambetha kwakhona coarseness nokungazi nje kuphela abantu abaqhelekileyo, kodwa iBandla. Ababingeleli zange ayeze abangcwele, isimo ngendelelo malunga amahlwempu, kukuxelela ukufihla sokuvunywa njalo njalo. Ubona yonakele ngolu hlobo, uyise nguDmitry ngenzondelelo waqalisa ukulungisa le meko. Wabanika imiyalelo, echaza intsingiselo wababingeleli, wamnika intshumayelo abantu.

Enye zimxhalabisile olona isikolo ngenxa yoonyana abakhonzi eCawa namahlwempu. Imfundo apha ngokupheleleyo free. Xa isikolo Metropolitan nguDmitry evulekileyo, ngokunjalo e Kiev, wafundisa isiGrike kunye nesiLatini, siboniswe yimveliso kumabala emidlalo. I izidanga zokuqala zashiya iindonga zayo ngo 1706. Ngelishwa, le sikolo sinye entwasahlobo iye yavalwa.

October 28, 1709 nguDmitry Rostovsky uyise wafa. Ke wangcwatywa Cathedral ka Rostov, ecaleni engaphambili - Sainted Joasaph. iidrafti zeencwadi zakhe engagqitywanga zabekwa phantsi ukuthanda Metropolitan kule bhokisi. Emngcwabeni saint wafika ukumkanikazi Paraskeva Feodorovna - umfazi ongumhlolokazi ka Tsar Ivan, umntakwabo-Peter.

Izinto ezingcwele saint

Ngowe-1752, kule Cathedral sagqiba ukwenza ulungiso. Ekuhambeni ukuphunyezwa kwayo ngoSeptemba 21 kwi phantsi ukulungisa yafunyanwa bengenakonakala umzimba kayise nguDmitry. Yaba ummangaliso ngokwenene. Iindonga engcwabeni efumileyo. St. oki Yasondela, uyafumana kwi wesandla wabola ngokupheleleyo. Umzimba kangcwele, kunye ngerosari yakhe, nonkontsho, sakkos baba ngokungenakonakala.

Emva kwexesha elithile, izinto ezingcwele saint lafika ngokuphilisa ngokungummangaliso kwizifo ezininzi, njengoko ingxelo kwi-Sinodi. Ngokomyalelo yokugqibela ekukhuleni ngeniso kunye Archimandrite Simonovskiy Gavriil Metropolitan Suzdalskiy Silvestr. Bona ehlola amandla ephilisa baze benze. Aprili 29, 1757, Metropolitan Rostovskiy nguDmitry lwabalelwa phakathi abangcwele.

May 25, 1763 izinto ezingcwele iSt yasiwa ku zamahenyu zesilivere, apho unanamhla. umhlaza yenziwa ngokomyalelo uKumkanikazi uCatherine II, abathwala kwisiza ufakelo buqu, kunye zooyise ezingcwele.

"Ubomi zabaNgcwele" Dmitriya Rostovskogo

Le ncwadi ibhalwe kwixesha engcwele engama-20. Isiphumo ngumsebenzi imiqulu 12. Lichaza ubomi, imimangaliso kunye ubuqhawe abangcwele ezininzi ezinkulu amaKristu. "Chetyi minei" unxibelelwano. NguDmitry waqala lakheke bonke Orthodox, abafuna ukulandela indlela yokuhlonela.

Esibalisayo kule ncwadi idandalazisa umyalelo iinyanga neentsuku kuzo. Ngenxa yoko igama (nyanga Gr. Per) "Kwiingcwele". "Ubomi" kwi Church lithetha "funda", "kuba ukufunda." Ihlanganiswe "Ubomi of the Saints," Bawo nguDmitry aba yinxalenye Labour Macarius. Okwangoku, Saints eziliqela (Hieromonk Herman Tulumova, Chudovsky, Ionna Milyutina, njl) ibonakaliswe eCaweni Orthodox. Noko ke, "Ubomi zabaNgcwele" Dmitriya Rostovskogo le iziqu kakhulu kwaye eqhelekileyo. Le ncwadi ibhalwe Church Slavonic abanobuchule kakhulu.

Nezinye iincwadi St.

Enye incwadi eyaziwa kakuhle Metropolitan of Rostov "Ukufuna Brynskikh wokholo." Le ncwadi ijoliswe nxamnye Amakholwa Old. Lo msebenzi xa lithelekiswa 'Saints ", akuzange kube yimpumelelo kakhulu. yena AmaKristu Endala, Kakade ke, akukho ndeyisekile, kodwa nokulatyuza intiyo ebangelwa ngabo.

Ukongeza, Saint Dmitriy Rostovsky ngokubonakalayo nokuqokelela ulwazi yembali malunga yosisi yakhe kunye nelizwe ngokubanzi. Ngokomzekelo, yena wayesebenza phezu kwimbali ekubhalweni abantu Slavic. Wabhala iincwadi Kwakhona like "uboya zokunkcenkceshela", "Intetho kumfanekiso kunye ngokufana kaThixo umntu," "sorhudo", "Isishwankathelo ukholo", "metropolitans Russian kwikhathalogu." Ekuso usiba lwakhe nazo zonke iintlobo imithandazo kunye nemiyalelo.

Church. Dmitriya Rostovskogo e Ochakovo

ERashiya, abaninzi iziqu abangcwele. Dmitriy Rostovsky, Kakade ke, ngomnye wabo. Enikezelwe kuye neetempile ezininzi. Umzekelo, isakhiwo loo kwi Ochakovo. Ngowe-1717 kwakhiwa apho icawa somthi, bazahlulela ngayo imbeko ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary. Ngowe-1757 le lali watshintsha izandla. Wakha khona ecaleni kwitempile somthi omtsha lityeni Metropolitan nguDmitry igama. Le ibandla liye beza kuthi zilolo hlobo zazilulo. Yakhiwa indlela omhle sobuciko Russian. Nge refectory enxulumene eliphezulu itempile intsimbi inqaba.

History of the Church of St. NguDmitry ucebile kakhulu. Ngowe-1812 kwabakho umlilo Ochakovo. Kulo mzekelo, ibandla endala ngamaplanga of the Virgin oyiNgcwele litshisiwe ngomlilo. Uthenge kulo nyaka ilali n Naryshkina isithethe endaweni wagqiba ukuvula ibandla lakhe elitsha, phantsi kwayo, yaye bakha enye imihlaba zabo. Le cawe yamiselwa imbeko Emnye oyiNgcwele kwaye yezizathu kubalelwa ibandla St. Ngokuba nguDmitry.

Ngowe-1926, esi sakhiwo unqulo isigqibo abasemagunyeni zavalwa. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngowe-1933, Dmitriya Rostovskogo itempile iguqulwe ukugcina yengqolowa yaye ikwimieko embi gqitha. Cross naye yathathwa phantsi, yaye omnye gables apeyintwe inkwenkwezi-etsolo ezintlanu, apho kamva ukuyisusa kwakunzima kakhulu.

Ngowe-1972, ibandla lagqiba okulungisa. Imisebenzi yathatha iminyaka 6. Ngowe-1992 Dmitriya Rostovskogo Temple wabuyela amakholwa. Abo Orthodox abafuna ukutyelela ibandla endala kufuneka baye eMoscow esitratweni , Jikelele Dorokhov, njl 17.

Temple Dmitriya Rostovskogo ngayo. ilungelo Hawa

Le nkonzo ke ukumkani wawungcwalisa ukuhlonipha Dmitriya Rostovskogo, oko yakhiwa ngo-1824 kwi-style zoqobo. Dome sabeka cupola yayo zezindlu. Yakhelwe ecaleni inqaba yayo intsimbi surmounted yi spire umfanekiso omhle.

Ngowe-1882 esi sikolo kwavulwa katitshala ibandla Lyutitskim. Ngokusemthethweni, phakathi 1930 no-1990, le nkonzo kwakhona isetyenziswe njengendawo yokugcina okuziinkozo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho kwakhona ingxelo ukuba ingqolowa kule kwisakhiwo sembali ke soze kwindawo. abantu zonqulo khumbula ukuba kwiminyaka 1954-1962 ibandla ukuba lisebenze nkqu breaks ezincinane (kuba babenganelanga ababingeleli).

Ngowe-1990, iCawa Dmitriya Rostovskogo e Ekunene Hawa Wagqitha yosisi, emva koko ke labuyiselwa yi amarhamente. Ngaphakathi itempile ugcinwe ngokungummangaliso iintsalela lwemizobo eludongeni, kwakunye kukwisakhelo iconostasis. Ukusukela ngoSeptemba 2010, kukho umbingeleli uV Kolyadin. Okwangoku, eli bandla yamandulo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, into zelifa lenkcubeko nembali kummandla Voronezh.

Umthandazo Dmitriyu Rostovskomu

Dmitriy Rostovsky, ubomi elilungisa kwakhe, yaye emva kokufa kwakhe uqhubeka ukukhusela abathembekileyo zonke iintlobo amashwa. Waphilisa sisifo, umzekelo, oku kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba anqule izinto ezingcwele saint. Angummangaliso kwaye igqalwa umthandazo yanikezelwa kuye. Okubhaliweyo yokuqala ingafunyanwa kwi ncwadi ecaweni. Lenza into efana nale:

"The Great Holy Martyr Hristov nguDmitry. Ukuvela phambi kokuba uKumkani wezulu, cela kuxolelwe izono zethu nokuhlangulwa nezilonda vsegubitelnoy yethu, umlilo kunye nesohlwayo ongunaphakade. Cela inceba yakhe ecaweni yethu kukuliphi, kwakunye nokuqiniswa izenzo zethu ezilungileyo ezikholekileyo kuYesu Kristu. Siya Yomelela imithandazo yenu uya kubudla ilifa ubukumkani bamazulu, apho siza kubhiyozela kunye uYise noMoya oyiNgcwele. "

isiphelo

Dmitriy Rostovsky, umthandazo elo ukuphilisa isifo, lifikile indlela ende kwaye bahanahanisi umzekelo onke amaKristu Orthodox. Namhlanje yenye abangcwele kakhulu iziqu. Amaninzi, kuya kujongwana izifo miphungeni. Kananjalo Kukholelwa ukuba lo mthandazo oyingcwele uncedo ukuphelisa zonke iintlobo iingxaki zamehlo.