Recursion - yintoni na le nto? Recursion lwenkqubo (Imizekelo)

Recursion iziganeko umdla ngokwawo, kodwa bona lwenkqubo ukubaluleka ngokukodwa kwezinye iimeko. Kuba okokuqala sijongene nawo, iqela elikhulu labantu ngokuqonda kwabo le ngxaki. Oku kungenxa intsimi enkulu ukusetyenziswa enokuba kwekota, kuxhomekeka kwimeko i "recursion" lisetyenziswa kuyo. Kodwa ke kuthenjwa ukuba eli nqaku liza kukunceda ukuba uphephe ukungaqondani kunokwenzeka kunye nokudideka.

Yintoni i "recursion 'ngokubanzi?

Igama elithi "recursion" liye uluhlu lwamaxabiso ezixhomekeke kummandla apho ngayo isicelo. isiqu Jikelele yile ilandelayo: recursion - eli definition imifanekiso, iinkcazelo zezinto okanye iinkqubo izinto ngokwabo. ukuba kwenzeka kuphela kwiimeko apho injongosenzi yinxalenye ngokwakhe. Ngendlela yaso sichaza imathematika recursive, physics, kweenkqubo, kwaye inani kwezinye iinkalo zenzululwazi. Isicelo practical sifumaneka iinkqubo zolwazi kunye imifuniselo emzimbeni.

Kuthetha ukuthini recursion in kweenkqubo?

iimeko recursive okanye recursion e lwenkqubo, ekuthiwa amaxesha xa le nkqubo okanye inkqubo umsebenzi kuzibiza. Njengoko engaqhelekanga ukuba abo baye baqalisa ukufunda lwenkqubo, njengoko oku ixilongo, akukho nto engaqhelekanga ngayo. Khumbula ukuba recursion - akukho nzima, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ukuba indawo mijikelo. Ukuba imiselwe ngokuchanekileyo computer yakho ukubiza inkqubo okanye umsebenzi, yena nje uqalisa zakusa.

Recursion ingaba ezisikelwe okanye ongapheliyo. Ukuze kuqala wayeka ngokwayo isizathu, kufuneka kwakhona ibe iimeko sokunqunyanyiswa. Lo ukuncipha Ixabiso lingaba ezahlukeneyo, yaye xa ifikelela ixabiso elithile, uvingce umnxeba lokugqitywa software / lenguqu ukuya ikhowudi kamva, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ukuphumeza iinjongo ezithile. Ngu recursion engenasiphelo kuthetha ukuba kuya kuthiwa, kuya kusebenza lo gama nje ikhompyutha okanye inkqubo esebenza kuwo.

Kwakhona kuyenzeka umbutho recursion nzima besebenzisa imisebenzi emibini. Masithi kukho A no-B A umsebenzi umnxeba yakho ikhowudi B, kunye no-B, yena, salatha imfuneko computer ukuba enze esimbaxa A. recursion - indlela yokuphuma kuthotho oluntsonkothileyo kwiimeko sivakalayo logic computer.

Ukuba ofunda le migca bafunda imijikelo lwenkqubo, ukuba mhlawumbi sele waphawula ukufana phakathi kwabo recursion. Ngokubanzi, ukuba okunene ukwenza imisebenzi efanayo okanye efanayo. Ngoncedo lwe recursion lula ukwenza umjikelo umsebenzi Ukulinganisa. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu apho lemijikelo ngokwabo ukuba usebenzise ayikho elula kakhulu. Driving ukuphunyezwa software ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu-kwinqanaba eliphezulu iilwimi ezahlukeneyo kweenkqubo. Ukanti recursion kwi "Pascal" kwaye recursion kwi C okanye olunye ulwimi uneempawu zawo. Yena uyakwazi ukusebenza ngempumelelo ngeelwimi-kwinqanaba elisezantsi ezifana "assembler", kodwa kuyingxaki kakhulu kwaye kuthatha ixesha.

imithi recursion

Yintoni i "ngumthi" kwi kweenkqubo? It is a iseti ezisikelwe equlathe node enye ubuncinane oko kukuthi:

1. Ingaba i node ekhethekileyo ekuqaleni, ngokuba ingcambu komthi yonke.
2. Iindawo ezishiyekileyo ngaba ufumene imali yahlukile zero, subsets disjoint, ngelo xesha linye nazo emthini. Zonke ezinjalo iindidi mbutho ekuthiwa subtrees komthi omkhulu.

Ngamanye amazwi: imithi ziqulathe subtrees eziqulathe imithi ngakumbi, kodwa amanani amancinci ngaphezu emthini yangaphambili. Oku kuqhuba de omnye iindawo kuya kuba lula ukudlulela, yaye oko kuya kuthetha ukuphela recursion. Kukho enye ezincinane ngakumbi malunga diagramming: imithi eziqhelekileyo ezikhula ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, yaye basondela ukuba senkqubo vice versa. Sites ukuba akukho lokuqhubekeka, ekuthiwa iindawo ekupheleni. Kuba lula ngokwe, nangenxa usebenziso olulula lwesigama wokuzalwa (izinyanya, abantwana).

Kutheni isetyenziswa kweenkqubo?

ukusebenzisa kwakhe recursion kwi lwenkqubo ifunyanwa uluhlu lwemisebenzi ezintsonkothileyo. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza umnxeba omnye kuphela, lo lula kukusetyenziswa komjikelo ukuhlanganiswa, kodwa xa milembelele ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ukuze uphephe chaining kwaye ukuphunyezwa ngendlela yomthi, kunye neemeko recursive isicelo. Kuba iklasi ezininzi iingxaki lombutho inkqubo computing ngale ndlela yeyona ilungileyo ngokwemiqathango ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo. Ngoko ke, lo recursion kwezinye ngolwimi "Pascal" okanye naliphi-inqanaba eliphezulu udweliso yi umsebenzi okanye inkqubo umnxeba kwimiqathango kungakhathaliseki inani leminxeba yangaphandle. Ngamanye amazwi, le nkqubo ibe umnxeba enye kuphela subroutine, kodwa uza kuba phezulu ukuya torque ethile ngozi. Xa kwiinkalo ezithile loop analog kunye neempawu zayo ukusetyenziswa.

Iiyantlukwano recursion ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo kweenkqubo

Nangona mzobo ngokubanzi impumezo kunye isicelo esithile kwimeko nganye ngamnye, recursion xa kweenkqubo uneempawu zawo. Oku kungakhokelela kubunzima ekufuneni izinto ezifunekayo. Kodwa sihlale sikhumbula: Ukuba ulwimi lokuprograma na umsebenzi okanye inkqubo, ngoko, le recursion umnxeba - kunokwenzeka. Kodwa zonke iiyantlukwano zalo kakhulu kwenzeka xa usebenzisa iilwimi ephantsi high kweenkqubo. Oku amathuba ikakhulukazi wokuphunyezwa kweenkqubo. LoSetyenziso iya kuthi ekugqibeleni kuxhomekeka ekubeni umsebenzi bunikwa, ngokungqinelana nayo kunye recursion ebhaliweyo. Imisebenzi kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenziswayo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa injongo yabo iyafana - ukwenza umnxeba ngokwabo.

Recursion - kulula. Njengoko lula ukukhumbula umxholo wenqaku?

Kwabasaqalayo ukuqonda oko kunokuba nzima ekuqaleni, ngoko kufuneka imizekelo recursion, okanye ubuncinane omnye. Ngoko ke, kufuneka unikele umzekelo encinane yobomi bemihla ngemihla, nto leyo eya kukunceda ukuba uqonde eyona yale ndlela ukuphumeza iinjongo kwi kweenkqubo. Thatha nezibuko ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, beka ukuze kugqitywe umboniso omnye bonke abanye kubo. Oku kunokubonwa ukuba nezipili ezibonisa ngokwalo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukudala ifuthe yokungapheli. Apha recursion - kukuthi, ngathi, ukuba ngobunzulu nokuvakalisa (oko kukuthi a lot). Njengoko ubona, kulula ukuyiqonda, oko fisa. Uhlolisiso izinto lwenkqubo, ngoko siyakwazi ukubona ukuba recursion - kubuye kube lula kakhulu umsebenzi doable.