Sorbents kunye Biologicals kushishino lwangoku

nyaka ngamnye kwilizwe lethu lukhula ezingokubaluleka izisombululo kokusingqongileyo eyendawo kunye lomqhubi ungcoliseko oyile, ii-asidi, alkalis kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi. Oku ngenxa ezininzi yezizathu: ukonakala kweendlela zonxibelelwano, oluntu izinto, zeteknoloji kunye zendalo ezingxamisekileyo. Kulo mba, kukho buyaqhubeka kwemigangatho yemo engqongileyo, ukwanda izohlwayo. Ukutshintsha iinkqubo ukukhusela okusingqongileyo kakhulu amashishini. Ifuna ukuqaliswa mihla ubuchwepheshe kokusingqongileyo.

Xa kusenziwa langoku, ngaphakathi kunye nangaphandle, ingqalelo engakumbi eyokulungisa ehlawulwa hayi nje izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa izakhiwo esebenzayo, eselula elula ukusetyenziswa, leyo sorbents esekelwe, ukuqokelela imali ngohlobo ezinegalelo, bebasa, kwentloko, ngendlela engalawulwayo kunye nezinye izinto non-ephothiweyo, biologics . izakhiwo ezinjalo ngokuqhelekileyo kwasekwa ngokungqinelana neemfuno umthengi, ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zayo. Yawo yokuvelela ubuxoki yokuba bakwazi lisekwa naziphi ichitheke ulwelo eyingozi (ioli, naluphi na ulwelo eziphilayo, ii-asidi, alkalis, mercury njalo njalo.) Xa amanzi okanye emhlabeni yonke isikali kunokwenzeka.

Bebodwa iinxalenye ezi kwizakhiwo ezi izibonelelo phambili zinezinto ukuba simunce, adsorb, cazulula ulwelo ezinobungozi, achithwa phezu kwamanzi equlathwe emhlabeni okanye amdaka, amanzi emvula. Bangakwazi zithengwe kwaye zisetyenziswe ngabanye xa kuyimfuneko.

Sorbents. Namhlanje le ntetho iinkcukacha malunga nokuba yintoni na yintoni na ezisebenza amanyathelo yezi ndlela emzimbeni imichiza zolawulo longcoliseko, akukho mfuneko: nayiphi na ingcali, ngubani, xa kusenziwa, kufuneka kujongwane nayo ubuncinane amathuba wokuchitheka kwe ezilulwelo, uyazazi ezi zixhobo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ayashiyana ngemvelaphi kwiintsali, ukufunxeka umlinganiswa inkqubo, ubume ilele amanzi. Nto ithetha ukuba, sorbents ezingaphiliyo organic ukuba zombini imvelaphi yendalo zokwenziwa. nempahla yabo esisiseko apho kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo xa ukhetha - umthamo sorption uchazwa ubungakanani iphalale ulwelo ukufunxa units sorbent. Ukongeza, njengoko esetyenziswayo kungathathwa iimpawu ezifana engeyongozi, ukubagcina, kunye nokuphelela isicelo, kakade, ixabiso. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni ikhono ukukhetha, ie yintoni zingqalileyo ukubamba ulwelo: kokukhona ke jikelele, ngcono. Qiniseka ukuba banikele ingqalelo le mibuzo ilandelayo: Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuphinda sorbent echithiweyo kwakhona sebenzisa oko, oko zilahlwe njani okanye itshatyalalisiwe kwaye nendlela le nkqubo ekhuselekileyo kokusingqongileyo (ezinye sorbents ezisetyenziswayo imvelaphi yendalo akuyongozi kakhulu kungashiywa kwisayithi ka kuchitheka).

Sorbents ingasetyenziswa ngendlela ngamnye (Wazibhangisa phezu komhlaba kulwelo wawagalela) kwaye isetyenziswe ukukhuphela izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (umz, ngemigibe ioli, izihluzi, kwimiqamelo lokuqokelela, bebasa, ezinegalelo, njl ..).

Ngokomzekelo, izimbiwa sorbents zendalo ezisekelwe - perlite, udongwe eyandisiweyo, vermiculite, grafayithi eyandisiweyo, kunye nemifuno-based - pine tree, sphagnum moss, umgquba kunye nabanye.

Zisetyenziswa sorbents kunye zokwenziwa njenge Polyvinyl chloride, nenayiloni, latexes zokwenziwa, rubbers kunye irabha, ezinepolypropylene. Ukuba iimpawu sorption izinto ezithile zokwenziwa yaba isiseko ukuvelisa ezi sorption kwimiqamelo, bebasa, ezinegalelo, kwamalweyile, amaribhili, njalo-njalo, ezifanelekileyo omkulu ukuqulatha kunye omkulu iikiti.

Biologics. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngokwemvelo iintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ekwaziyo thob khompawundi organic ukuba icarbon dioxide namanzi kunye nezinto acocekileyo zendalo. Ezo amagciwane-destructors ngoku kusetyenziswa ukuphelisa ungcoliseko amanzi, umhlaba. Lendlela yenzelwe ukunyusa ngeentsholongwane umsebenzi kule zingcoliswe kummandla, apho kunokuzuzwa ngokuthi kuvulwe zezilw iimeko. Umzekelo, xa kufikwa umhlaba, kufuneka agcine amanqanaba intsulungeko lobushushu, ukufuma, nomoya, pH, ukufumaneka izinto kwezondlo - nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.

Yonke indlela entsha ezibalulekileyo ukuze kukhawuleziswe kakhulu ukuba yokubola kwezinto eziphilayo (ioli, igrisi, amafutha, phenol, benzene, alkoholi, njl) ngokuthi unike biodestruktorov okhethekileyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, le ndlela ziphononongwa njengoko nathembisayo ngenxa ukusebenza, ixabiso eliphantsi, usebenziso olulula. Namhlanje kwabunjwa Cya ingxowa ukuveliswa kweemveliso yebhayoloji bekujongiwe unyango izinto zendalo ukusuka organic ukungcola. Indlela yokukhetha zabo ubuchule kwehlisa uluhlu olubanzi kwezinto eziphilayo, ukugcina nokusebenza ezincinane ngexesha zokugcina, umsebenzi omkhulu, ukukwazi ukuba likhule nendalo, nonpathogenic.

Uninzi biodegradation eyiyo organic ezingcolisa ngoku kuphunyezwa ukusetyenziswa ngaxeshanye sorbents kunye ezincane. Ukulungiselela le njongo, le sorbent akasakwazi iintsholongwane strains destructors. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukwandisa kakhulu iqondo kunye nezinga yokuqokelela wemo organic ezingcolisayo. Ezinye sorbents zendalo ukwakhiwa kwawo ukususela ekuqaleni kuye bio-izakhi na phantsi abantu, umzekelo, ioli. Ngokomzekelo, sorbents of sphagnum moss equlethe kumsebenzi wayo isebenze isakhiwo humic acid oxidizing iintsholongwane biocenosis yasekuhlaleni. osemqoka yabo ithuba isicelo obushushu aphantsi. Inzuzo enjalo biosorbents kukuba eziphilayo engangenwa, zinokuba ngasekhohlo behleli-apho ukunyanga kuchitheka kwi ngokupheleleyo ukuba baza kukwazi ukumelana moss te ne ulwelo.