Sabina Spielrein: iifoto, engobomi, nxi, uthando ubomi, imibhalo, ucaphula Spielrein Sabina Nikolayevna. Jung and Sabina Shpilreyn

Spielrein, Sabina Nikolaevna Sheftel ezaziwayo kwihlabathi umhlaziyi eSoviet umfundi Carl Gustav Jung, ilungu le-amathathu Psychoanalytic Society kunye nombhali thiyori ezo drives yingozi. Kodwa akukho umdla ngaphantsi iziphumo zasemsebenzini, baba ngobomi bakhe nendlela kwinzululwazi.

izibakala ebangel ziqulathe iidayari zakhe nembalelwano phakathi Jung kunye Freud, epapashwe kwi-80 yokuqala, nto leyo yadala furore kwilizwe psychoanalysis. Iimfihlelo wobomi ukuba kusekho abafazi baphakamise imibuzo ngaphezu iimpendulo.

abazali Sabina

Shpilreyn Sabina Nikolaevna, ogama real - Sheyve, yaba mdala abantwana. Yena wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 25 (Old Style-7 Novemba) ngo-1885 kwintsapho ngokwanelisayo osisityebi yamaYuda. Ngelo xesha babehlala Rostov-on-Don. Le wabanxusa ukuba intombi yakhe akwazi ukuya enkulisa ophambili e Warsaw, ikhaya yabazali. Ngenxa yoko, kwisithuba ukususela 1890 ukuya 1894 apho intsapho.

UYise nentloko yentsapho - uNicholas Arkadevich Spielrein (Naftael okanye Naftula Movshevich okanye Moszkowicz) - Education yaba sezinambuzane, kodwa akasebenzi ofundelweyo nempumelelo zorhwebo. Waba manufakturschikom kunye umthengisi isondlo iinkomo. Kamva uNikolay Abramovich waba umrhwebi yowokuqala, yaye emva labakhandi yesibini.

Mama, Evva Markovna Lublin (emva kokuba umtshato Spielrein) kwaba wamazinyo ngoqeqesho. Waye indlu yakhe lendawo imigangatho emithathu embindini kuloo mzi, apho emuva kule ndlu. Waye ekhona bamazinyo de 1903, emva koko ukuba usukelene usapho kunye nomntwana-ukukhulisa. uhlanga wakhe eninzi abafundisi betyalike, kuquka uyise wabo kunye Evvy Markovna.

Nangona ubukhulu ucwangco namasiko, usapho wayephila ubomi behlabathi.

Ngowe-1917, impahla sibini yayihluthiwe Spielrein.

Ziyahlelwa abazalwana noodade

I omdala yabazalwana, uJan, wazalwa ngo-1887. Kamva, waba yezibalo eSoviet ezaziwayo-kakuhle engineer, oyingcali ukukhanda sethiyori ikharakhtha eyahlulayo. Ngowe-1921 waba uprofesa, ngowe-1933, waba ehambelana lilungu Academy of Sciences USSR. Ngowe-1934 wamela wezifundo zakhe zenzululwazi zobugcisa. Wazimanya ne-Sylvia Borisovne Ryss.

Lo mzalwana yesibini, uIsake, wazalwa ngo-1891. Yena wakhetha ngumsebenzi kwingcingane wafunda eHeidelberg kunye University of Leipzig. Yenziwe impumelelo ubonakala eli candelo lolwazi, njengoko bakhumbula yi-zasekhaya kunye noluntu lwezenzululwazi ngamazwe njengoko psychotechnics yombhali. Wafunda kwingcingane umsebenzi, iindlela zalo ukuhleleka t. N., wathabatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi zentlangano wayo yezenzululwazi eSoviet Union. Ukongeza, koko wabubhekisa All-Russian Society for Applied Psychophysiology kwaye yezengqondo ubuchule kunye International Association of ingqondo.

Lo mzalwana wesithathu, Emil, 1899 ukuzalwa. Emva kokuphumelela University of Don, waba unjingalwazi womncedisi umphathi University of Rostov kwi-Faculty of Biology. Emil yaziwa phantsi kwegama Spielrein engcono kwihlabathi lwezenzululwazi.

Zonke abathathu, nangona indawo yawo lesayensi, ngenxa zocindezelo ezopolitiko wadubula ngoIsake ngowe-1937, yaye Ian kunye Emil - ngo-1938. Kamva, bonke bobathathu yesiqhelo kokufa kwakhe.

Ngaphezu kwakhe nabani na Shpilreyn Sabina Nikolaevna wayemthanda udade wabo omncinci Emily. Kodwa ngo-1901, intombazana eneminyaka emithandathu ubudala wagula yicesina bafa kungekudala.

Nentlekele Sabina kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Oyena nobangela neurosis Sabina ingqalelo ukufa kodade wabo othandekayo. Noko ke, ezinye iingcali Ph.D. ethile URenate Höfer (URenate Höfer), nto leyo inxaxheba Unyango kunye kweliso, kukho uluvo eyahlukileyo. Kwincwadi URenata "psychoanalyst Sabina Spielrein" biography Heroine kufundwe iinkcukacha kwaye ezihonjiswe kwi umfanekiso ngokwasengqondweni zonke iimvakalelo lowu tsakisaka wo uthando kunye nobuhlungu engqondweni kakhulu. Ngokutsho umbhali, ukufa udade wayo nje kuphela yaye akanguye unobangela ezibalulekileyo yokugula lo mfazi.

URenata uthi ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala Sabina Spielrein bafumana isohlwayo ebonakalayo uyise, kusenokwenzeka kakhulu, ubundlobongela ngokwesondo, evela abadala. Iminyaka emithathu uye waphawula ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kakhulu abangazange ukuphuma, kwaye eselula. Uhlobo ngesandla zooyise, sokunene, rhoqo uyohlwaywa, wayeziva imincili ekhokelele ekubeni izenzo rhoqo gqitha self-ulwaneliseko.

Ukususela kumaxesha kwexesha ahlala ukuba unamandla angenasiphelo, ibe iye yanceda ngexesha lakhe ndizole. Kunjalo, kunye neminyaka elishumi elinamithandathu ukuba bemgxeka nangokoyikeka ebusuku kunye nemibono, kwaye elinesibhozo bonke ukuhlaselwa zengqondo baqalisa ukuba kwenzeka ngakumbi rhoqo, emva koko ke wawelwa ukudakumba.

iklinikhi abagula ngengqondo Sabina

Sabina Spielrein waba umfundi ekhawulezayo, nokuphazamiseka luvo akuzange kumthintele ngo-1903 waphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kunye imbasa yegolide. ukutshiseka kwakhe kwaba amayeza, kodwa ngenxa yokuba imeko yengqondo ezingazinzanga yezemfundo kwi-University of Zurich kwafuneka ukuba elinye ixesha.

Okokuqala Evva Markovna wenza komzamo ukuphucula imeko zempilo intombi sibhedlele Swiss uGqr Geller entwasahlobo ka-1904. Emva koko Sabina wathunyelwa ukuya kwikliniki Burgholtsli, ngelo xesha wayephethe uNjingalwazi Eugen Bleuler (Oygen Bloyler).

Kwaba khona ukuba Carl Jung kunye Sabina Spielrein okokuqala. Okokuqala, lo unyango babesaba kwi nentokazi wayenza intloko, uze emva koko Jung - ugqirha esiphezulu ekliniki kunye kamva nosekela ugqirha oyintloko. Therapy kwi ekliniki zathatha iinyanga malunga-10, ukususela ngo-Agasti 1904 ukuya kuJuni 1905, emva koko unyango ambulatory yaye kwaqhubeka de 1909

Sabina waba isigulana yokuqala, leyo Jung wazama ukuphilisa ngoncedo ubuchule psychoanalytic ngokusekelwe neengcamango Freud ngayo. Kwaye nangona sele kukho abathile lungquzulwano isigulane kunye nabasebenzi, kunye ezibonisa ukuzibulala, unyango ibonakalise ukuba yimpumelelo enkulu kakhulu, nto leyo USabine ziphumeze izicwangciso izifundo zaseyunivesithi kunye awenze ngo-Apreli 1905.

nomsebenzi professional

Ngexesha unyango eklinikhi Sabina Shpilreyn inxaxheba imifuniselo eyahlukeneyo kwi t. H. In the associative. Apho waqhelana kwisifundo yethisisi Jung kaThixo, esingethe umbandela ezithile ngokwezinga ephilayo kunye unconscious - schizophrenia ngayo. Ngoko ke zendalo gca yona kukuba ngexesha uqeqesho uSabine waba nomdla zengqondo, psychoanalysis kunye okusingqongoleyo.

Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1909 USabine abaphumelele iimviwo zokugqibela yaye waqalisa ukusebenza basekliniki Burgholtsli njengoko umqeqeshwa lowo. Lonke eli xesha, waqhubeka ukusebenza ithisisi yakhe zobugqirha, nto leyo kumlawuli we Jung zenzululwazi. Nangona amahla ndinyuka ebomini bakhe, entwasahlobo ka-1911, yena wayezithethelela ngempumelelo yaye yapapashwa yakhe yemihla ngemihla, umhleli ogama umthantamisi wakhe.

Ekubeni ekwindla ka-1911 kude kube sentwasahlobo ka-1912 uSabine waba e Austria, apho waba nako ukwazi buqu uSigmund Freud (Freud) ungeniswa kwi yaseVienna Psychoanalytic Society. Emva koko watyelela Russia iintetho, waza wadibana apho umyeni wakhe elizayo - Pavlom Naumovichem (Fievel Notovich) Sheftel.

Ngowe-1913 Sabina Nikolaevna waya eYurophu. Apho benza kwiimpapasho, iintetho; Wayesebenza kwizibhedlele ezahlukahlukeneyo t h kwi Oygena Bleylera, uKarl Bonhoeffer, Edouard Claparede ..; benza psychoanalysis evela Freud kunye Jung, waba psychoanalyst Zhana Piazhe.

Ngowe-1923 wabuyela eRashiya waza wajoyina i-Russian Psychoanalytical Society. Waye inxaxheba kwizinto zomsebenzi oqeqeshelweyo kule intsimi, uye wadala leenkedama ngokwasengqondweni wabaleka ukuba baqhube izifundo.

Ngowe-1925, ngexesha lokugqibela wathetha kuloo nkongolo ka psychoanalysts. Ngapha koko, waqhubeka ukuba asebenze emasimini esinyuliweyo, amanqaku zazo eziprintiweyo.

Ukususela ngo-1936, psychoanalysis eSoviet Union yavalwa.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba amathemba eziphakamileyo ukusebenza eRashiya eziqhotyoshelwe Sabina Spielrein. Quotes malunga oku ngokungenamkhethe kwaziwa kakuhle, wabuyela 'basebenze iziyolo "- ukwenza inzululwazi unikwe bokuthanda kwakhe. Noko ke, kule minyaka ingama-20 yokugqibela Amaqumrhu ubomi bakhe ulawulo u swi esaphila bengasebenzi.

imisebenzi yesayensi

Theory Sabiny Shpilreyn uthi ngomnqweno mbini ngokwesondo. Kwelinye icala, iintlobano zesini ithwale iimvakalelo ezintle, kokukhona le nkqubo enxulumene ne ukuzala. Kwelinye icala, oko kuyabulala kwihlabathi ngaphakathi woMntu.

Ukongeza, Spielrein zigcinwe, ngexesha isenzo yokuya kwi sokonakalisa ethile izicatshulwa eziphambili - sobudoda ofumana iimpawu umsebenzi wenkazana wasemvelweni, kwaye vice versa. Nolonwabo kunye nonkwantyiso entshabalalo kanye drive ngesondo.

Ngoko ke ungquzulwano intrapersonal. Sabina Shpilreyn waphawula ukuba ezininzi izigulane nalo ithuba ukuphumeza umnqweno kuvela uloyiko kunye nomnqweno lokuphuma uloyiko oko kukuthi eluchochoyini bonke, ngoko ke akukho nto ifana oku akuyi kwenzeka.

Ukongeza, Spielrein okokuqala yaphakamisa umbuzo yokufa i drive njengoko Into ephambili omntu, phezu masochism, ekuthi candelo iilebhule, njengoko umnqweno etshabalalisayo.

Sabina Spielrein: uthando ubomi

Malunga uthando Sabina kugqirha wakho kubazali bakhe bafunda ekwindla ka 1905. Unina wentombi nokuba bafuna Freud waqhubeka unyango, kodwa ihleli injalo nakwezinye iimeko.

Efanayo kakhulu Sabina Spielrein iimvakalelo zakhe Jung akazange zifihliwe, njengoko oko kungqinwa amangeno kwidayari, waze wafuna umntwana wakhe. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ngo-1908, Jung wavuma ukuba nguye intombazana entle kakhulu, kwaye ke akukho ayisakwazi ukunqanda umnqweno wakhe ngenxa yakhe (nangona phambi ngumfazi wakhe). Ukususela mzuzu baqalisa ukuhlanganisa kuphela psychoanalysis.

Xa usebenza kwikliniki ingxabano lwabo ulwalamano kwenzeka, yaye kamva, ngentwasahlobo yowe-1909, Jung washiya emsebenzini. Waza Sabina waqala ukuba babhalele Freud. Jung emva kwihlazo kunye neenkcukacha loluntu ulwalamano lwabo, bathi lweli isithembu.

Ngowe-1909, ulwalamano kunye Jung, uSabina sele kuqaliswe ukusebenza kwi imiqingo yakhe. Ngowe-1912, wangena emtshatweni kunye Sheftel, yaye ekupheleni kuka-1913, babe intombi yokuqala URenata (Irma URenata), kwaye ehlotyeni 1926 - intombazana egama uEva.

Phakathi 1913 no 1925-1926. Sabina kunye nomyeni wakhe babengahlali. Waye e Rostov, kuyo - e Moscow, kodwa emva kokuba isibini aqala ulwalamano lwabo eYurophu ukususela 1924. Ngeli xesha abahlobo Sheftel nelinye ibhinqa, wamzalela intombi.

Ngehlobo lowe-1937 Sheftel wafa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo, nangona kubekho iziphakamiso ukuba wazibulala ngenxa nokoyika impindezelo. Ngowe-1941, uSabina Spielrein-Sheftel wala ukuba sikholwe unya majoni amaJamani yaye akazange kuphunywe e Rostov. NgoJulayi 1942,, yatshiswa indlu apho wayehlala neentombi zakhe, uSabina.

11-12 Agasti 1942, amashumi amawaka amaYuda, phakathi kwabo Sabina Spielrein-Sheftel neentombi zakhe bobabini wadutyulwa Zmievskoy msebe.

UYobi. Jung - Sabina - Freud

Kule 70 emva kwexesha 'kwindawo yogcino Edward Claparede wafunyanwa isutkheyisi kunye nezinto zobuqu uSabina. Ndafumanisa ukuba phambi kokuba eRashiya, washiya apho kwiidayari zabo nembalelwano kunye Jung kunye Freud (nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni 1923), amanye amanqaku kunye nophando. La maxwebhu, kuquka iidayari kunye neeleta, enziwe kwi lesayensi emangazayo ekuhlaleni.

kwafumaniseka ukuba ukususela ekuqaleni konyango Sabiny Yungom kunye abonakalisa ngeemvakalelo zakhe kuye ke oko kwazeka kuwo Freud. Noko ke, akazange agxeke ugxa wakhe, kuba engaqondelanga nantoni kakubi okanye akulunganga, nkqu okukwiqondo elithile uyavelana naye. Ukuhlola ndawo Freud kaThixo, abahlalutyi baqala ukuthetha "zoqoqo" phakathi Jung kunye Freud, apho utshintsho oluncinci waba uSabina.

ngoko jung kwakufuneka izinto ngenxa ithisisi yakhe, noSabine wayengekho lowo ulungileyo kuphela, xa Vol. H. Kwaye malunga nemali, kodwa ubuntu umdla kakhulu okwakhokelela ukuba i-sisazinzulu ukuze iingcamango ezintsha. Akukho mathandabuzo, njengoko zombini Jung kunye Freud kumsebenzi wakhe kamva, thina wasebenzisa iingcamango avakalisa yi uSabina. Ngoko ke, aqhubeke asebenza naye kuba Jung kakhulu kuyimfuneko ngakumbi ukubambelela yokuziphatha, ingakumbi njengokuba, ngokutsho Freud ngokwakhe, kuba ihlabathi psychoanalysis kunye ubudlelwane ugqirha nomonde asinto intsha.

Kwelinye icala, ukongeza ukubandezeleka engqondweni evela iimvakalelo ezingabuyekezekiyo, nolwazi la madoda mabini wanika ihlabathi psychoanalysis kunye ishishini yobomi bakhe.

Sabina Spielrein ndiyinkosikazi yokuqala eYurophu, akhusela bengqondo yakhe zobugqirha. Wayengomnye i "oovulindlela 'of psychoanalysis, kodwa ulibele ukuba isiqingatha senkulungwane. Kuphela yokuvulwa zokugcina owamnikayo kunye nomsebenzi wakhe ubomi yesibini. Ngenxa amaxwebhu iyaqhutywa ambalwa, iincwadi ezibhaliweyo. Yaye eneneni, le nkxalabo bugwetyelwe.