Project inkwili 641: imikhombe, iifoto

Ngemihla kwiMfazwe Yomlomo phakathi USSR kunye USA phezu kolwandle kwakukho ukuxinga: kwelinye icala, i Yankees ndibe neengxaki ngeenqanawa kumphezulu (kubandakanywa abathwali enomjukujelwa), kodwa lwezithuthi lizwe lethu (kuquka ngenxa ngamayelenqe kulelona) kule ndawo ukuba buthathaka kakhulu. Kodwa eSoviet Union yaba ngwenya. Ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwakukho omkhulu; evela bancinane kunokubonwa "ingakumbi lokuloba," ku enkulu "shark."

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ekuxabeleni amandla engundoqo lizwe lethu ngelo xesha enomjukujelwa zenyukliya, nangona ezindilisekileyo diesel-electric inkwili Project 641 idlale indima ebalulekileyo kwimbali imikhumbi.

ixesha New - nezinye iimfuno

Yi Kwisiqingatha sesibini-imi- 50 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela kwacaca ukuba "ixhegokazi" yeprojekthi 611 iimfuno ezintsha sele akuhambisani. Amerika ngelo xesha sele kakhulu wacinezela iiprojekthi ze lweenqanawa ezintywilayo zenyukliya, kodwa eSoviet Union wenza ubhejo enkulu phezu uyilo zakudala, ibe yinyaniso leyo.

Ingongoma apha kukuba injini idizili, akukho ubonakala njani ngamazwi na, kukuba ukuzola kakhulu ngaphezu atom: ingxaki kubemi lokungcangcazela, ingxolo kukusebenza umbane umphunga kunye neeyunithi nokucutheka. Diesel efanayo inkwili ontywiliselwe ukuya kuphela umbane kwaye ngoko yengxolo kubo luphantsi kakhulu.

Ukuqeshwa Project 641 izikhephe

Kanye kuneyokuqala, iprojekthi ngwenya 641 yaye ajolise ekufikeleleni convoys emanzini, ukhuselo zorhwebo kunye nonxibelelwano iindlela, ukugcina unxulumano. Kodwa le moto entsha kwafuneka ukuba ukusebenza ngcono isantya, ukuzimela omkhulu, iimeko zokuphila eziphuculweyo nobomi nqanawa, kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukuzisa izixhobo kakhulu ngakumbi kwi ebhodini.

Eli qela yayiquka abantu 70, kuquka abantu abali-12 - amagosa. Kuba sonke sidalwe iimeko ezigqwesileyo ngelo xesha, ngelo iprojekthi 611 imikhumbi alinakuzuzwa. Ingakumbi ukhululekile yaba inkwili B-427 641 projekthi.

Eyona engundoqo iimpawu le ngwenya ezintsha

Lijongene uyilo wenza abayili notorious SA Egorov kunye ZA Deribina. Corpus uphuhliso kwabo uphawuleka phantsi obupheleleyo ephawulekayo kophahla, isiqu "thumbanails". Le yokugqibela kwenziwa ukuze ukwandisa seaworthiness ye ngwenya ufike. Izikhephe yale projekthi nayo zizakubalulwa fairings ngokukhawuleza kwi impumlo, ezo ukulungiselela radar ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinye izixhobo.

Njengoko izixhobo, inxalenye yokuqala - ngokwesithethe inomzimba. Inkwili Project 641 isikhephe naninokudubula torpedoes ukuya kubunzulu kweemitha 80. Eli gumbi yesibini ophilileyo, kwabakho, kuquka, kunye saloon. Kulo gumbi linye phantsi amaplanga kumgangatho, le abayili mna ndiyibekileyo pack bebhetri. Lwesine yaba (ngokwesiqhelo) kwindawo apho ibekwe khona ofisi engundoqo.

Ukongeza, kukho cabin ophilileyo, pack ibhetri olongezelelweyo. Isiqendu sesihlanu - diesel, ibekwe injini yombane ilandelayo, kwaye ke yokugqibela, oko kukuthi, lo wesixhenxe, ukuba iityhubhu inomzimba backup ezisekelwe.

Imbonakalo olu hlobo iphenyane linophawu kocingo olude kakhulu ehlabathini ndlwana. It is so 'omkhulukazi "phezu kwakhe nto liphuma. Ukongeza, le fairing empumlweni, oko sele sitshilo, ayikho elektroniki kuphela, kodwa ke umzi werhasi kunye nezixhobo enika injini diesel phantsi kwamanzi.

Le lweenqanawa ezintywilayo bexhobe olu hlobo?

The main kwezikhali - ezintandathu iityhubhu isaphetha inomzimba, ezihlobeneyo iindiza ezine. Ke zonke izinto ezifanayo ezisisiseko - ngeempumlo, msinyane nje ukuba baxhotyiswa nenkqubo ekhethekileyo kugesi ukuzila. Le nezikhali iyonke - 22 torpedoes. Ezi zibandakanya i "telemetry" imodeli yokuqala, eqhutywa ngocingo. Kodwa practice, kumaphulo zomkhosi badla zithatha imizuzu 1/3, siyiguqulela torpedoes. Kuba ekulawuleni inkqubo ukudutyulwa udibana ezintsonkothileyo "iLeningrad-641".

Lweenqanawa ezintywilayo bexhobe torpedoes kunye zikhali, kodwa ke bujolise kuphela ukuhlasela iinqanawa kumphezulu yotshaba.

ukucaciswa injini

Intliziyo inkwili zezi idizili nje ezintathu 37D model. Bona baxhotyiswa gazoturbonadduvom, akhuselwe amacandelo ziphambili bulkhead soundproofing omkhulu. Njengokuba besesitshilo, kuba ikhosi kwamanzi ukuhlangabezana Motors ezimbini zombane brand PG-101. Umthamo nganye iilitha 1350. a. Kukho injini elilalela PG-102, ogama amandla ngoko nangoko hp 2700 Kukho kwakhona olunoqoqosho 140-enjini PG-104. Oku kusetyenziswa kwiimeko xa ufuna yokulondoloza ubuncwane, "ehleli" kwi shaft efanayo kunye PG-102.

Intshukumo isikhephe Ungasebenzisa amathathu inqwelo, inyathelo nabanako lokungavinjwa ingatshintshwa aba belungu bayehluthe kubo. Phezu ezisetyenziselwa intshukumo ye diesel, apho ngelo xesha linye basole amabhetri.

nobuchwepheshe

emigodini emithathu ngezikhonkwane ezintathu, inyathelo apho zingatshintshwa aba belungu bayehluthe kubo. Yonke ubunzulu yokujika kunye nolwalathiso waba drive nje ezintathu: ngesanti kubunzulu baphantsi, electric kunye manual, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "ithuba yokugqibela". Onesethi yokuqala yamaxwebhu uzinziso oluzenzekelayo "Marble" lalisetyenziswa, leyo lula kakhulu umsebenzi enqanaweni kunye esweni indawo ngwenya esithubeni.

energetics

Ekuqaleni isikhephe efakiweyo imodeli zitshajwe ibhetri 46SU, kamva indawo yi 48cm irobust ezongeziweyo kunye capacious. Iyonke ababekhwele ngwenya leyo 448 iiseli. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ezinye izikhitshana zinokusetyenziswa ibhetri brand 60SU. iimbekiselo zabo eyafunyanwa ngeziqendu ezininzi memoirs of ngwenya Soviet (ngakumbi, kuba wabhekisela inkwili B-427 641 iprojekthi), kodwa ke, mhlawumbi, sinawo inaccuracy njengesiqhelo.

izinto ezintsha kwi on-ibhodi kwezixhobo

Kuyilo le nqanawa ziquka iindidi ezintsha sonar, radar kunye nezixhobo yokukhangela, ezinye high-zobugcisa (abo maxesha) nezixhobo. Ukuze ukubona ekujoliswe kumphezulu ngokusebenzisa inkqubo radar "yeflegi" kwaye phambili isikhululo MG-10 hydrophone awukwazi ukufumana imiyalezo bakhe kuphela, kodwa abanye "asdikov". Ilwela injongo isakhiwo esifanayo "Arktika-M", usoloko efuna imo esebenzayo.

Xa uthenga umfuziselo inkwili B-28 Project 641, sinako ukubona kwathontelana empumlo, leyo wagcinwa zonke bombane.

Kuba ukhuseleko angenzi inqanawa "Ukukhanya M", nto leyo nokhupho kude kude ngaphambi kwabanye pulses sonar. ELINT eyenziwa ezintsonkothileyo "freewheeling". Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inkqubo yemveliso kuyilo ezi izikhephe wenza rhoqo utshintsho ebalulekileyo, yaye ngoko ngokuchanileyo ukuchaza zonke iinketho kwi-ibhodi nezezixhobo zokusebenza aziyi kusebenza. lokuphumelela inkwili yala maxesha phantsi 641B isimboli.

Eyona engundoqo iingxaki ulwazi ukusebenza

Ekuqaleni le iinjineli wokwakha bafumanisa ukuba udini lokhuseleko ngenxa yotshintsho zeprojekthi standard phantse namnye. Kwaye ngenxa yokubekwa lweenqanawa ezintywilayo yokugqibela yale ngcelele, Bona yenzelwe phantse uhamba. Ngenxa yezi nguqu sele ngokupheleleyo ngokutsha ngokwaneleyo-yaye kwakhona amalungiselelo-eli gumbi yesihlanu, nabayili indawo iinjini idizili inokuthenjwa, replacement nazo phantsi neebhetri eqhelekileyo.

Entshonalanga, ezi lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ngokukhawuleza yaziwa ngokuba Foxtrot. Le ke yenye lweenqanawa ezintywilayo zokuqala iiprojekthi ezathi batshintshelwa en namahlakani endle e Warsaw Pact, kwakunye namanye amazwe, pro-eSoviet. Umzekelo, lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ezimbini ngoko nangoko emva kokuba izakhiwo anikezelwe ePoland kunye India e inkwili jikelele babeka ezizodwa, apho waba inani umahluko kakhulu ukusuka idrafti yokuqala.

Ngoko ke, kukho zabekwa iibhetri ezahlukeneyo, waba nokuphila ixesha elide xa esebenza kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu, kwindawo yesine ususwe ezingontsini nje ezimbini, njalo kwi ngwenya likwazile ukubeka inkqubo umoya, kwakunye nabasebenzi ziye kakhulu namandla amanzi amtyuba namnandi. Njengoko bendiyifuna, inkwili B-28 641 Iprojekthi yethu, ngenkani ngexesha elinye hide elide ukusuka baseMerika kule ndawo!

park karhulumente yangoku

Total amazwe (ngaphandle amazwe awodwa socialism) Wagqitha 13 ezinjalo ngwenya, wawathabatha, ngokukodwa, Libya kunye Cuba. Okwangoku, le izikhephe ezi ngqo asuswayo ukulwa umsebenzi kwi-Indiya, i-metal ngeminyaka yee-2000, kwathunyelwa iinqanawa ezimbini ePoland, ziyahlelwa eseleyo ayaziwa. Kungenzeka, ukuba nje kuxhelwa ezilahliweyo. Xa inkonzo ilizwe lethu le projekthi ngesikhephe diesel-enikwe 641 (ezifana, iinkcukacha ke akukacaci), kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo uya kungekudala nezinye lweenqanawa ezintywilayo diesel-electric zibhalwe icinyiwe, njengokuba namhlanje ukuba indawo iinguqulelo kwakude "Lada", kanye.

Kwakhona, ikopi enye kwinkonzo kunye Ukrainian Navy (kwaye ngwenya kuphela kuloo ndawo). Liyinyaniso elokuba, ukuba imeko yesithuthi yenziwe ngohlobo lokuba liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wathi ukunciphisa evuthiweyo, ngathi ukulungiswa kwayo sele usebenze. Ukuba kukho kuphela kukuba ngo-2012 kule nqanawa okokuqala kwiminyaka engama-20, eshiya indlela yayo elwandle. Ukraine wamhlangula kuphela ukuba 641 projekthi (lweenqanawa ezintywilayo), nto leyo eye ifoto yabaMeli kweli nqaku, waba oluthembekileyo kakhulu ukusuka kwindawo zobugcisa umbono.

Cuban lobunzima Missile

Xa kwintshona ngwenya yolu didi iye yaba kwaziwe ngexesha ngokubanzi lengxaki imizili Cuba. Baya inxaxheba waphula yaye kuvalwe Cuba, kwaye inani ngqo lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ababandakanyekayo kulo msebenzi ayaziwa unanamhla. Kukholelwa ukuba kwakukho lweenqanawa ezintywilayo yeprojekthi 641 19 Brigade. Amabutho kwafuneka ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima, njengoko ubushushu kwi lamagumbi amaxesha kwafikelela 60 degrees Celsius, kwaye abhabhe kuba umoya ukutshajisa ayikwazanga, ukuze angabonwa ziinkundla US. Yeha, iProjekthi 641 inkwili classic akazange abe umoya ...

Kwiimeko ezinzima, amabutho, yaye umphathi ngwenya ngamanye amaxesha kwiintsuku ezimbalwa babengenalo nofifi eyayisenzeka izinto, kwaye akukho eSoviet Union kunye United States kwimo yemfazwe yenyukliya. Isakhono eliphezulu uzibambile kuphela kwathintela eningenakukholwa intlekele. Ngapha koko, ebhodini inkwili ngalinye torpedoes kunye zikhali!

Kukho ubungqina bokuba kwi 60s kubekho amatyala zoqhagamshelwano izikhephe phantse 641 sisiphi kunye kubabulali yaseMelika. Ingakumbi kwimeko yo fanekisela, owayesakuba ngo-1962. Iprojekthi isikhephe kwamanzi 641 kunye nenani B-36 ukulungiselela ixesha elide ukuba balihambahambe endhawini Cuba, uyahamba ngempumelelo ukusuka ubhaqo US Navy. Ngobunye ubusuku, ngexesha ekunyukeni lwesiqhelo, yena wabonwa kwibhodi i abonakalisi wabo American, yalila apho (ngaphandle isilumkiso) wenza sungula inomzimba anti-ngwenya.

Ngethamsanqa, izisebenzi ye-B-36 iye yenza ngobulumko kwaye rhoqo. Ukuhlaselwa wakwazi ukubaleka, kodwa ... America undisukele elide inqanawa (ukuya nzulu kwakungenakwenzeka, ukuba alahlwa neebhetri) balahlwa izinga yakhe babukele kunye neziqhushumbisi nokuqheleka, bedlula Glusha kaEtere. Angenise incwadi yocingo eMoscow waba kuphela ukuzama wesibhozo.

Phezu kwayo nje inkcaso, abasebenzi yakwazi ukuba bahlukane kude ekufuneni. Yaye emva koko, isikhephe waqhubeka baqhubeke ukulwa umsebenzi ngokuya Kola Peninsula kuphela emva uninzi ibhetri ingasebenziyo. Kwimeko efanayo yaba crew ngwenya B-28 Project 641, kodwa kwakungekho ukuhlaselwa inomzimba.