OCD - ukuba likhoboka lento ethile. Iimpawu, unyango, okubangela

Musa inxalenye ngesandla sanitizer? lezambatho zakho ngokoqobo yiphi? Ezi imikhwa inokuba esizalwa okanye iinkolelo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuwela umgca ongabonakaliyo kwaye abe likhoboka lento ethile (OCD). Qwalasela izizathu eziphambili ngenxa kwazo kunye neendlela zonyango ezinikezelwa ngoogqirha.

Inkcazelo sifo

OCD - yinto ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ukuba kuchaphazela umgangatho wobomi babantu. Iingcali attribute ukuba likhoboka lento ethile, ngathi yokoyika ngokugqithiseleyo. Ukuba yokugqibela kuquka kuphela tai, le compulsions OCD zongezwa.

izifo lo gama livela amagama IsiNgesi ezimbini: obsessio kunye compulsio. Owokuqala lithetha "phithi", kwaye yesibini licaciswe ngokuthi "ngenkani". La magama mabini ifaniswe kakuhle, ngamafuphi, njengoko ibonisa kakuhle eli sifo. Abantu abanengxaki OCD, kwamanye amazwe zithathwa njengokuba zikhubaziwe. Abaninzi kubo bachitha ixesha elininzi into ngamampunge ngenxa compulsions. Tai badla wavakalisa iingcinga ukuba likhoboka kunye ukucalulwa, nayo leyo nefuthe elibi kumgangatho wobomi isigulane.

Njengokuba iqala isifo

Ngokutsho manani zonyango, ukuba likhoboka lento ethile senziwa kuluhlu ukususela kwiminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-30. Kungakhathaliseki ngqo xa iimpawu yokuqala ukuvela, ugqirha, izigulane ziphathwa phakathi kweminyaka engama-27 no-35. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukususela uphuhliso sifo naphambi unyango kuthatha iminyaka eliqela. Ukuba likhoboka lento ethile ubuntu sifo sichaphazela omnye abadala ezintathu. Phakathi kwabo abantwana abaselula zincinane kakhulu. Esi sifo baqiniswa nganye umntwana wesibini 500.

Ngelo lokuqala iimpawu zesifo kuvela ngohlobo likhoboka lento ethile kunye ukucalulwa. Ngethuba leli xesha umntu kodwa ulumkele irrationality yabo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, xa kungekho zonyango kunye nasengqondweni care, ukuphazamiseka oyingozi. Isigulane ulahlekelwa ubuchule kuqwalaselwa ngokwaneleyo ezibaxhalabisayo. Kwiimeko phambili, unyango kuthetha yi esibhedlele ngamayeza kakhulu.

Izizathu

Izazinzulu ayikwazi dwelisa imiba ephambili ezinegalelo ukugula ngengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingcamango ezininzi. Ngokutsho komnye wabo, phakathi imiba ngokobugcisa likhoboka lento ethile ine zizathu zilandelayo:

• disorder metabolic;
• atyiwe ekhanda;
• yofuzo;
• nokudodobala izifo ezosulelayo;
• inqanaba kuphambuka kwenkqubo yawo luvo.

Xa iqela olwahlukileyo oogqirha ukuba bakhe kwezentlalo kunye noluntu ibangela disorder. Phakathi kwazo kwakukho eqhelekileyo kakhulu zezi:

• abakhuliswa kwintsapho yonqulo olungqongqo;
• ubuhlobo ezintsonkothileyo emsebenzini;
• zeleka rhoqo.

Yokothuka, sizalwa kule isigulo sengqondo isekelwe kumava okanye emiswe kuluntu. Umzekelo iphawulekayo imiphumo esi sifo lo mbono iindaba mthetho. Kwabonakala uloyiko abantu bezama ukoyisa iintshukumo lowo uzingqinayo olungaphesheya. Kusenokuba izihlandlo ezininzi ukuba khangela imoto ezivaliweyo okanye ekube- amatyala ukusuka ebhankini. Izenzo ezinjalo kuzisa isiqabu kuphela elifutshane. Ukuzikhulula tai akunakwenzeka ukuba baphumelele. Kulo mzekelo, kwakufuneka uncedo lwengcali. Kungenjalo sifo ufunxe ngokupheleleyo psyche yabantu.

Esi sifo sichaphazela abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Noko ke, abantwana mancinane amathuba ubunzima ukusuka iimpawu zayo. Iimpawu sigulo ingohluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala lomguli.

wenza njani sifo abadala?

Ukuba likhoboka lento ethile disorder, iimpawu eziza kuthi thaca ingqalelo ukuba bonke abantu abadala baye ngalo mfanekiso efanayo lwezonyango. Okokuqala, esi sifo esizibonakalisa ngohlobo iingcinga ebandakanya ezibuhlungu. Oku njengephupha kumxholo ubundlobongela ngokwesondo okanye ukufa. Man ukufuna njalo ingcamango esondelayo ukufa, ukuphelelwa kakuhle-ntle zemali. iingcinga ezinjalo horrify OCD nomonde. Uyaziqonda ngokucacileyo ubuze babo. Noko ke, ukuba asikwazi ukumelana uloyiko kunye ezeni iingcinga zakhe ngenye imini.

Esi sigulo kwakhona uneempawu yangaphandle, leyo ichazwa ngokohlobo iintshukumo kokuphindaphinda. Ngokomzekelo, umntu onjalo ukubala rhoqo amanqwanqwa, izihlandlo eziliqela ngemini ukuba aye kuhlamba izandla zakho. Mbonakaliso isifo ingxelo oogxa osebenza nabo. Abantu abane-OCD, netafile usoloko zicocekile, yaye zicwangciswe zonke izinto symmetrically. Iincwadi ezishelfini okanye ngokwe-alfabethi, okanye umbala.

ukuba likhoboka lento ethile luphawulwa yi Upohawu ukukhula kwiindawo ezixineneyo. Isigulane noba kwesihlwele uphaphazele nande. Amaninzi ke ngenxa yokoyika babambe intsholongwane eziyingozi okanye ukulahlekelwa izinto zakhe, ukuze abe omnye lixhoba pickpockets. Ngoko ke, abantu abanjalo badla ukuphepha iindawo zoluntu.

Ngamanye amaxesha sifo sikhatshwa ukuhla nokuzixabisa. OCD - yinto disorder ukuba ubuntu hypochondriac basengozini enkulu. Bona siziqhelisa ukulawula yonke into, ukuqalela amatyala emsebenzini kunye nesiphelo kunye ekudleni kwemfuyo. Ukuncipha ukuzithemba kungenxa ulwazi tshintsho luza kwenzeka kunye nokungakwazi ukumelana nazo.

Iimpawu kubantwana

OCD kubaguli abaselula ungaphantsi eqhelekileyo ngaphezu abadala. Iimpawu sigulo ukuba zininzi izinto esifana. Nantsi imizekelo embalwa.

1. Nkqu kakhulu abantwana abadala-up ngokufuthi haunted luloyiko ukuba ulahlekile phakathi inani elikhulu labantu esitratweni. Wenza guys ukuba sibambelele nkqi abazali ngesandla, hlale kutshekisha ukuba ngaba iminwe baqubuda, babambelela ngqongqo kakhulu.
2. kids abaninzi abantwana abadala ukoyikisa kuthunyelwa leenkedama. Ukoyika ukuba kweli ziko kwenza umntwana ngokusisigxina ukucela kwakhona ukuba unabazali abamthandayo.
3. Phantse sonke ubuncinane kanye ebomini babo baphulukana izinto zobuqu. Noko ke, asingabo bonke amava kwesi sihlandlo kudlule ngaphandle, azafunyanelwa ndawo. Panic ngenxa eziphathwayo elahlekileyo kukhokelela recalculation manic ngayo izinto zesikolo. Abantwana Unga ukuvuka ebusuku ngenjongo lomnqamlezo kwakhona zonke izinto.

ukuba likhoboka lento ethile ebantwaneni kudla kunye olubi eguquguqukayo, ukwanda tearfulness. Abanye baye balahlekelwa wokutya, enye ebusuku bathuthunjiswe amabi. Ukuba kweeveki ezimbalwa, zonke iinzame ukunceda abazali daze ayaphela, kufuneka adibane ngengqondo umntwana.

iindlela isifo

Ukuba ngaba uneempawu ngokwalatha eziphazamisayo likhoboka lento ethile, kufuneka ufune uncedo lobungcali zempilo yengqondo. Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abane-OCD Aniyiva na iingxaki zabo. Kulo mzekelo, close izalamane okanye abahlobo kufuneka ibe zibonisa kwi uxilongo ngenyameko. Ngokwayo, esi sifo aluphumeleli.

isifo sakhe kuphela wezifo zengqondo kunye nezakhono ezifanelekileyo kunye namava kulo mhlaba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ugqirha utsalela ingqalelo kwizinto ezintathu:

1. Xa abantu, kukho ziphawulwe tai kukuthenga izinto.
2. Kukho ukuziphatha kukuthenga ukuba ufuna ukufihla nangayiphi na indlela.
3. OCD buphazamisana kwisingqi yesiqhelo yobomi, ukunxibelelana kunye nabahlobo kunye nomsebenzi.

Iimpawu zesi sifo, ukuba ixabiso lonyango, kufuneka kuphindwa ubuncinane i-50% yabo imihla iiveki ezimbini.

Kukho Scale ekhethekileyo (umz, Yale-Brown) yokuqingqa iqondo nobukhali OCD. Kananjalo kusetyenziswa practice ukulandela Dynamics nothomalaliso.

Ngokusekelwe iimvavanyo nodliwano-ndlebe kunye nogqirha yomguli nga uyayazi imbangela esichazayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zeetheraphisti thethwano achaze oko njengokubonisa iyeyiphi likhoboka lento ethile. Imizekelo izigulane nesi sifo show ishishini uncedo ukuze aqonde ukuba esi sifo ingeyongozi kunjalo, kufuneka ukulwa nayo. Kwakhona ukuba udibane iintetho ugqirha malunga Amaqhinga unyango, xa silinde iziphumo zokuqala emihle.

Ngaba abantu asina?

OCD - yinto ngezifo eqhelekileyo. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke Lumana nawuphi na umntu, kubandakanywa i esempilweni ngokupheleleyo engqondweni. Kubalulekile ukuba bakwazi ukuba azazi iimpawu zosulelo lwe sigulo kwangethuba ufune uncedo abaqeqeshiweyo. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, kufuneka uzame ukuhlalutya le ngxaki ukuze ukhethe isicwangciso ethile ukulusiphula iingcambu. Oogqirha zinika iinketho eziliqela for self-unyango.

Inyathelo 1. Ukuze ufunde ntoni na isifo kukuthenga izinto. ukuba likhoboka lento ethile ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha kule ncwadi. Ngoko ke, nabani na lula ukufunda izizathu zalo eziphambili kunye neempawu. Emva kokufunda ulwazi kufuneka ubhale phantsi zonke iimpawu kutshanje inkxalabo. Phambi ukuphazamiseka ngalinye kufuneka ukuba aphume kwigumbi soqulunqo isicwangciso eneenkcukacha zingaphunyezwa ngayo.

Inyathelo 2: A uncedo wesithathu-party. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba OCD kuhle ukuba umntu onjalo aye kugqirha. Ngamanye amaxesha ukutyelela ugqirha wokuqala kubangela iingxaki. Kulo meko, ungabuza umhlobo okanye isalamane ukuqinisekisa iimpawu ezimiselwe ngaphambili okanye ukufaka abanye.

Inyathelo 3: Thatha ujongo uloyiko lwakho 'emehlweni. " Abantu abane likhoboka lento ethile eyaziwayo ukuba zonke endinxunguphala ebubuxoki. Lonke ixesha kukho umnqweno kabini-khangela ucango itshixiwe okanye uhlambe izandla zakho, kufuneka uzikhumbuze oku.

Inyathelo 4: Buyiselani wena. Zengqondo ukucebisa ukuba bamakishe ngokusisigxina amanyathelo kwi indlela eya empumelelweni, nokuba zincinane. Kuyimfuneko ukuba badumise ngokwakhe ngenxa ukufunyanwa utshintsho kunye nezakhono ezitsha.

Ezi ngcebiso badla kunceda sikwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso lwe sigulo.

iindlela nonyango lwengqondo

OCD - akukho isivakalisi. Disorder basabela kakuhle kunyango ngoncedo kwiiseshoni nonyango lwengqondo. psychology Modern inikeza iindlela ezininzi olusebenzayo. Thina uqwalasela ngamnye kule zolwimi ngokunzulu.

1. Unyango Cognitive-zokuziphatha. Zabhalwa kule ndlela bobabo Dzheffri Shvartsu. kubume bayo amathumba phantsi ukungawi a neurosis. Umntu uyazazi sifo kuqala, uze emva koko ngokuthe ngcembe uzama ukulwa nayo. Unyango lubandakanya ukufunyanwa kwezakhono ukunqanda self-phithi.
2. Ulwazi "Musani ukucinga." It waphuhliswa Dzhozef Volpe. Le therapist wacebisa unyango ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo yi imeko yesigulane. Ukuze wenze oku, Wolpe lithethelela ukuba umntu ukukhumbula omnye yakutshanje nokuhlutha disorder. Ngoncedo imibuzo phambili, yena kunceda isigulane ukuba ukuvavanya ukubaluleka iimpawu kunye nefuthe lazo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ngokuthe ngcembe lo therapist kukhokelela ukufezekisa abayonto luloyiko. Le ndlela ivumela ukuba woyise ngokupheleleyo sigulo.

Ezi nobuchule isiphumo imithi na enye kuphela ngohlobo lwayo. Noko ke, ingqalelo kakhulu ngempumelelo.

amayeza

Kwiimeko phambili likhoboka lento ethile ifuna ungenelelo lonyango. Indlela yokuphatha ukuba likhoboka lento ethile disorder kule meko? Amachiza ezingundoqo ekulweni esi sifo serotonin reuptake inhibitor:

• "Fluvoxamine".
• lakhula Tricyclic.
• "Paroxetine".

Izazinzulu ezivela ehlabathini lonke kuqhubeka nokujonga izinto ngokubonakalayo sigulo ukuba likhoboka lento ethile (OCD). Kunokuba kutshanje baye bafumanisa iinketho zonyango arhente abajongene ngokukhululwa glutamate neurotransmitter. Baya Unganciphisa kakhulu iimpawu neurosis, kodwa musa kunceda ukuphelisa le ngxaki ngokusisigxina. Le nkcazelo ilingane iziyobisi zilandelayo: "Memantine" ( "Riluzole"), "lamotrigine" ( "gabapentin").

-Eyaziwa kakuhle anti-depressants kule sifo zisetyenziswa kuphela nje unyango nomqondiso. Banceda ekupheliseni neurosis kunye stress ombane ezithi zenzeke kwisiqalo sifo kukuthenga izinto.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amayeza inqaku ngentla uyasuswa ngokumiselwa kuphela ezikhemisti. Kukhetho lo medicament ethile unyango eyenziwa ngugqirha esekelwe kwi imeko yesigulane. Hayi indima yokugqibela ngoku udlalwa nge ixesha sifo kulo mbandela. Ngoko ke, ugqirha kufuneka ukwazi eyadlulayo kwakukho elide kangakanani ukuba likhoboka lento ethile.

Treatment ekhaya

ROC kokwabo kwiqela zezifo zengqondo. Ngoko ke, ukuze ukunyanga esi sifo ngaphandle ngaphandle inkxaso akunakwenzeka ukuba baphumelele. Noko ke, unyango kunye imali yabantu isoloko kunceda ndizole. Ukulungiselela le njongo, amaxhwele bacetyiswa ukulungiselela iti eengcambu kunye iipropati umthomalalisi. Ezi zibandakanya ezi zityalo zilandelayo: lemon namafutha, motherwort, valerian.

Indlela imithambo yokuphefumla ayikwazi engamelanga ithathwe njenge edumileyo, kodwa ingasetyenziswa ngempumelelo ekhaya. Ukuze olo nyango akudingi amayeza okanye iingcali inkxaso yomntu wesithathu. Therapy notshintsho ngamandla zokuphefumla unako ukubuyisela isimo ngokweemvakalelo. Ngenxa yoko, umntu unako ingcinga ukuhlola ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ebomini bakhe.

kwimeko yesiqhelo

Emva unyango isigulane kufuneka kwimeko yesiqhelo. Iimpawu disorder musa kubuya kwakhona kuphela xa lohlengahlengiso ngempumelelo eluntwini. Ukuxhasa amanyathelo zonyango ejolise ukuqeqesha abafowunelwa elinemveliso kuluntu, nosapho. Xa nqanaba kokuvuselelwa uncedo kakhulu kwizalamane nabahlobo.