Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral: iifoto, inkcazelo, ngokomakhi, idilesi, ishedyuli unqulo

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral eSt Petersburg kufanele kuqwalaselwe enye ezikhumbuzo ezininzi iphawulekayo le sobuciko Elizabeth. Sakhiwe behlonipha St. Nikolaya Mirlikiyskogo - umxhasi ongcwele abahambi nokuhamba - ke iminyaka emininzi yindawo ukondliwa ngokomoya oomatiloshe Russian.

ulwandle Petersburg yokuhlala

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ubomi St. Petersburg ukuba kuhlangene elwandle, kwaye zandifuna ngeenxa sakhiwe ngo-1704 i-Admiralty zalapho. Kufuphi yafakwa kuloo minyaka Sea yokuhlala - a zokuhlala apho kwa- enqabeni zamatye ezinemigangatho omnye apho ayehlala ngabantu izandla wadala umkhosi Russian. abasakhunjulwa igcinwe amagama - kwaye eponymous street Kanonerskaya lane efanayo. Canonero ngexesha uPetros gunners.

Ukongeza, apha, waza wamisa le yecawa, leyo ekuthethwe ngayo kweli nqaku, nako oko, unike igama layo kwindawo apho ibekwe, kwimarike, nasezirhangeni, iibhulorho amabini kunye nezitalato, benxibe ezi ntsuku igama Glinka likaThixo.

Kubonakala evela amaxwebhu agciniweyo, ukhetho kwisayithi, apho kamva wavuka Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, wayezimisele nje kuphela kukho isithuba, kodwa ke kufuphi imijelo yamanzi, ezifana amagwegwe eentsika Catherine imisele umlambo Fontanka.

Owandulela ibandla langoku

Ngenjongo nokunyamekelwa ngokomoya abo ekuqaleni bakhonza iicawa ezininzi zakhiwa kule kwisebe yomkhosi wamanzi, kufutshane Admiralty zalapho. Kwindawo apho ngoku kumi Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, kwakukho indlwana, wawungcwalisa imbeko umxhasi santa abalobi kunye nabahambi. Ukususela memoirs ababephila, kuyaziwa ukuba sasahluke ukuqhama engaqhelekanga yomhombiso wakhe, kodwa akaba nako ukulungiselela wonke umntu.

Uyazehlisa ukuba izicelo ezininzi yebandla, eli Sinodi oyiNgcwele wagqiba ukwakha endaweni yayo kwicawa ngomthi, banikezela ukuya umxhasi ezulwini fleet, kodwa ukuba wenze kube enkulu, eyenziwe 1743. Kulo zadluliselwa ukusuka kwigumbi yangaphambili imifanekiso, izinto ecaweni nayo yonke into amelwe naliphi na ixabiso. Kukuliphi webandla elitsha lalilikhulu kakhulu. Ngokutsho amaxwebhu lokusinda, amalungu awo abasebenzi 3396 karhulumente kunye abasebenzi, ukubala nje abafazi kunye nabantwana.

Ukuqala ukwakhiwa zebandla ilitye

Nakuba kunjalo, ukwakhiwa ibandla somthi kuphela lokudambisa. Yena chithi ngokwabo ngozuko fleet Russian ezifunekayo umxhasi wakhe itempile Andisafanele, yaye ngowe-1752 Prince uMikhail Golitsyn, owayengumongameli Adiralteystv College, zingeniswe * kuKhesare isicelo kulwakhiwo yecawa amatye entsha.

Zonke iindleko zicetyiwe yokugubungela esebenzisa Naval yeSebe, yaye ukususela ngeminikelo yokuzithandela yabemi. Kwintetho yakhe uKumkanikazi Elizabeth, ingakumbi Prince wagxininisa ukuba ulwakhiwo yecawa iya kuba memory umvuzo bafanelwe "ngokuphumelela ezukileyo zezithuthi Russian". UKumkanikazi Elizaveta Petrovna akazange madolw 'anzima ukunika imvume yabo, emva koko waqalisa umsebenzi.

Umakhi owadala le projekthi isonto

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, ifoto apho lucaciswa kule nqaku, yakhiwa St. Petersburg umyili Savvoy Ivanovichem Chevakinskim. Njengoko wezakhiwo yokwakhiwa elizayo bebekwisampulu, oko Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise yecawa, ngaphambili kwakhiwa e Astrakhan, nemilo yayo kakhulu luthandwa uPetros I ngexesha lotyelelo lwakhe umzi Lower iVolga. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uMlawuli wayezimisele ukuba ukwakha enye eSt Petersburg, kodwa yabulala ngesiquphe, nto leyo elandelwayo 1725, kuthintele ekufezekiseni izicwangciso zakhe.

Chevakinsky kwafuneka ukuba uyavuma, kodwa ekugqibeleni nokufana amabandla mabini kuphela ukuba uphahla zawo ezintlanu, nalapho St. Petersburg ngaloo minyaka yaba lwepaki. Into yokuba ixesha elide zonke izakhiwo ibandla kulo zakhiwa imodeli yecawa edumileyo, ibekwe kwi ummandla inqaba, oko kukuthi, i-angqukuva kwaye surmounted yi ithawa intsimbi kunye spire. Ngenxa yoko, ukudala Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, umakhi wenze inyathelo elibalulekileyo ukubuyela kwizithethe Orthodox Russian.

Cathedral, nto leyo akoyiki yezikhukhula

umyili wayo wokuqala projekthi wafaka for zokuvunywa enyangweni entwasahlobo ka-1752, kodwa kungekudala bayifumana emva ukuba uhlaziyo, njengoko ekulungiseleleni imizobo zange ithathelwe ingqalelo ithuba izikhukula, rhoqo ukuze kwikomkhulu emantla. Emva konyango olufanelekileyo, thatha nyaka, iprojekthi ekugqibeleni evunyiweyo kwifomu apho yecawa iye yasinda kuzo namhlanje.

In version yayo entsha yokwakha zaso wavuswa ukuze emgangathweni lwalungasentla kwinqanaba ukuba ngamaxesha entlekele ifikelela amanzi Neva. Ngako oko, oko wakhawulwa kunye zesi yonke yecawa. Ngaphandle kulo ngexesha ukususela 1755 ukuya 1758 yakhiwe inqaba intsimbi, ngokwesithethe, eSt Petersburg, igcwalisiwe yi spire eliphezulu.

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral: Inkcazelo

Le yenye icawa zinkulu St. Petersburg ngexesha elifanayo ukuhlalisa abantu amawaka amahlanu. isakhiwo sayo ngokumila limise kwicebo kwaye zazihonjiswe enezintlu aseKorinte, architraves sistucco kunye balcony kunye wenza-yentsimbi iigridi bafaniswe.

Ngokutsho uyilo S. I. Chevakinskogo, sisakhiwo Cathedral sakhiwe imigangatho ezimbini. izakhiwo nasemagumbini zibe ngohlobo kukho umnqamlezo alinganayo. Icawa eliphezulu yamiselwa imbeko Epiphany. Lo msitho emisiweyo yaqhutywa ngoJulayi 26, 1762 Ubhishophu uSylvester (Kulyabko) phambi uKumkanikazi uCatherine II, owathi batyelela Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. ibandla lakhe eliphantsi, njengoko wamitha ekuqaleni, yamiselwa imbeko yaseSt Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.

Icons Cathedral bokuhombisa imikrolo

Wabalasela zezona iconostasis amabandla amabini, benza kwinkulungwane XVIII, evelele iinkosi-bemifanekiso S. P. Nikulinym and I. F. Kanaevym. Kwakhona umdla icon, ukudalwa apho neTumim ngeyona eSt Petersburg icon opeyintayo kuloo minyaka Fedotu Lukichu Kolokolnikovu kunye nabantwana bakhe ababini - Ivan kunye Mina.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, ngengozi, ukuba imizobo bobabini iconography liqulunqe umakhi le yecawa - SI Chevakinsky. Wazakhela uluhlu kuyimfuneko kubo icon. Ngaphandle imisebenzi ezi mvumi, kwi yecawa, i icon eyodwa Nikolaya Chudotvortsa kunye yamasuntswana ezingcwele zakhe, wenza kwinkulungwane XVII. Yeyona zamahenyu ephambili yecawa.

Memorial obelisk kunye namaziko wesisa Cathedral

Wonke ke umntu ozayo St Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, bengaqondanga utsalela ingqalelo obelisk vysyascheysya engqongqo egadini yakhe. Yaye yasekwa ngo-1908 kukhunjulwa crew le wempi "Alexander III», liqhawe bafayo Idabi Tsushima, obengowabaya amaphepha ezibuhlungu emfazweni Russian-Japanese.

Umzobo we obelisk wadalwa ngomnye nxaxheba kwezo ziganeko - a colonel, Prince M. S. Putyatinym. Kwi sithuba pre-revolution xa esibhedlele yaba ibhunga evulekileyo amahlwempu, kwakunye yokuhlala yabafazi, ukufa kunye nothando, ndawonye isikolo free.

Cathedral kule minyaka Soviet nasemva Soviet

Kwiminyaka elandelayo i-Oktobha Revolution, uNicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, idilesi yakhe: St Nicholas Square 1/3, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iicawa ezininzi ezisezidolophini, hayi wenza kufutshane, kwaye kwisithuba ukususela 1941 ukuya 1999, nokuba waba newonga yecawa. Amagumbi, zicwangciswe ekwayaleni, kuloo minyaka baphila iLeningrad Metropolitan - UAlexis (Simansky), kamva kuhlala etroneni bamadoda, kunye uGregory (Chukov).

Ngo-Apreli 2009, emva kokuba Metropolitan Vladimir (Kotlyarov) yaphinda yamiselwa ibandla eliphezulu, kuye wabuya abaninzi bayishiya phambi kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo, phakathi apho kwindawo ekhethekileyo kuhlala icon samandulo eyenziwa ngabapeyinti Kolokol'nikova (kubo ikhankanywe apha ngasentla), kwakunye ne-Ark amasuntswana yabangcwele ezininzi Orthodox.

Njengoko uNicholas Epiphany Naval Cathedral (St. Petersburg) ekuqaleni wakhiweyo umnqwazi Amaqhawe Russian Navy, ngoko ke namhlanje, eli isithethe wafumana phambili yayo. Ubungqina oku mayixhonywe ecaweni esisemantla umonakalo kunye amagama abaninzi oomatiloshe owambulala kumgca umsebenzi. Phakathi kwabo, eli qela le ngwenya "Komsomolets" yazika ngo-Apreli 1989 kuLwandle Norwegian, kwakunye ngwenya zenyukliya "Kursk", owafa ngowe-2000. Kukhunjulwa mini bancedwa inkonzo yomngcwabo Cathedral kuye bonke oomatiloshe Russian Navy, ngubani Wabunikela ubomi babo ngenxa kwilizwe labo.

Service ebibanjelwe Cathedral

Namhlanje, xa eRashiya emva kwamashumi ukungakholelwa iyonke kwakhona phuthuma iingcambu zakhe zokomoya, phakathi kwezinye iitempile of St. Petersburg ifumene indawo yayo efanelekileyo, kwaye Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. Ishedyuli Iinkonzo LikaThixo kubanjelwa kuyo, ibonisa inzaliseko nobutyebi ubomi bakhe zonqulo.

ezinkonzweni ezimbini imihla olwenziwe: ekuqaleni, at 7:00, yaye kamva, 10:00. uvumo ngalinye angaphambi, ukuqala kwimizuzu eli-15 phambi kwexesha elibekiweyo. Kwakhona, at 8:45 kwaye 12:00 eyayibanjelwe imithandazo, yaye 18:00 - ngokuhlwa. Lonke ixesha, njengoko kuyimfuneko, izaliswe zonke iintlobo ezifunekayo.