Ngoobani aba Pamirs, apho ubomi, inkcubeko, amasiko

Emva kokuba ukurhoxiswa amajoni US ukusuka Afghanistan kumajelo eendaba liye landa ingqalelo Pamirs. Abantu abaninzi boyika kokuphazamisa meko kummandla, nto leyo engafunwa uyazimela ihlabathi ngaphandle. "Roof Yehlabathi" yindawo ekhethekileyo, ekubeni phantse bonke abemi zabemi kummandla ziphantsi Ismailis.

Abantu abaninzi ngempazamo ukubhidanisa bendawo kunye Tajiks kunye nezinye izizwe. Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ukuba ngubani na Pamirs, kwaye kutheni kucingelwa ukuba iqela eyahlukileyo uhlanga.

Overview

Ekubeni Pamirs Angema kulaa mmandla weentaba, lwahlulwe phakathi kwamazwe amane, badla ulinganiswa kwezinye iintlanga. uluhlu lwabo yembali (Badakhshan) ukwakweli ummandla Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, kunye neTshayina. Amaninzi, olu hlanga bedidekile ngempazamo kunye Tajiks. Ngoobani aba Pamirs?

Bayibiza kuqokelelwe abantu Iranian abathetha iilwimi ezahlukeneyo iqela empumalanga Iranian. Uninzi Muslims Pamirians. Xa kuthelekiswa, i Tajiks, umzekelo, ukuthetha ngentetho zapadnoiranskom kwaye uninzi lwalo abathi Cartoon Islam.

indawo yokuhlala

Pamirians bahlala phezu ummandla entshonalanga, Southern, Pamirs empumalanga. Apha emzantsi iintaba idibane i-Hindu Kush. Le ndawo yintlambo elimxinwa esihleli ezinobude wamawaka amabini eemitha okanye ngaphezulu ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Imozulu kule ndawo luphawulwa namandla aso. Valley engqongwe kumathambeka amabanga ukuya ku amawaka asixhenxe iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. aba bahamba kunye ikhephu obungunaphakade. Hayi ukuba into igama kule ndawo (indawo yokuhlala Pamirians) asebenzise ibinzana elithi "Roof of the World."

Abantu abahlala kwi Pamirs babe inkcubeko efanayo kunye nezithethe. Nakuba kunjalo, abaphandi bakwazi ukubonisa (learning ulwimi) ukuba aba bantu bangamalungu kuluntu yamandulo eziliqela lwasempumalanga Iranian, abeza Pamirs ngokwahlukileyo enye kwenye. Yintoni na izizwe ye Pamirs na nala?

Ukwahluka beentlanga

Pamiris yahlulwa phakathi kwabo ngokusekelwe ulwimi. Kukho amasebe ezimbini eziphambili - a Pamirs basentla nobasezantsi. Iqela ngalinye iqulathe neentlanga, amanye awo ukuthetha iilwimi ezifanayo.

Ukuya parmirtsam ngasentla ziquka:

• shugnantsy - phambili uhlanga, afikelela ngaphaya ikhulu lamawaka abantu, nalapho malunga namashumi amabini anesihlanu amawaka saliphilela kummandla Afghanistan;
• rushantsy - malunga amashumi amawaka abantu;
• yazgulyamtsy - ukusuka kwisibhozo ukuya kubantu amawaka alishumi;
• Tajiks of Xinjiang - kanye ingqalelo yinxalenye yeqela enye Shugnan-rushantsev, leyo yodwa, abemi bayo ufikelela abantu amabini anesihlanu amawaka.

Ukuya Pamirians lasezantsi ziquka:

• ishkashimtsy - malunga elinye kunye nesiqingatha amawaka;
• sanglichtsy - inani ayikho ngaphezu amadoda alikhulu elinamanci mahlanu;
• abantu Wakhi - inani elipheleleyo ukuya ku asixhenxe amawaka;
• mundzhantsy - malunga namawaka amane abantu.

Ukongeza, kukho iintsapho ezininzi neentlanga ezingabamelwane, ezo kufutshane kakhulu Pamirians. Ekugqibeleni Abanye babo baqala ukusebenzisa iilwimi zasekuhlaleni Pamir.

ulwimi

iilwimi Pamir baninzi kakhulu. Ke nemida yayo kuphela unxibelelwano ngemihla. Ngokwembali, ukuba kukho ixesha elide baba nempembelelo enkulu Persian (Tajik).

Kuba abemi ulwimi Pamir Persian liye lasetyenziswa kunqulo, uncwadi, kunye lwemveli. Naye sisixhobo ubhetyebhetye ukuba nonxibelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe.

iziyelelane Pamir ngcembe indawo ulwimi Tajik. Kwezinye izizwe ezintabeni zonke manqaphanqapha ezisetyenziswa kweli khaya. Umzekelo, kwi GBAO (Gorno-Badakhshan Ukuzilawula Oblast) ulwimi olusemthethweni Tajik. Ukuba qeqeshwa ezikolweni. Xa ethetha Afghanistan Pamirians, izikolo kwintsimi wabo akukho kancinane, ngoko ke inani labantu kwi iyonke bangafundanga.

Lokusinda iilwimi Pamir:

• yazgulyamsky;
• Shugnan;
• Rushan;
• hufsky;
• Bartang;
• Sarykol;
• Ishkashimsky;
• Wakhan;
• mundzhansky;
• Yidgha Language.

Bonke bephela aqukiwe Iran kwiqela ulwimi mpuma. Ukongeza kule Pamirs, abameli amaqela ezizwe Iranian wasempumalanga amaSkitiya, owayephila ngexesha kummandla Northern Sea Black waza wemka emva ezikhumbuzo ngokwezembali ngohlobo iindonga.

inkolo

Ukususela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yokuqala izizwe BC Pamir baphenjelelwa ngu- wabhala nobuBhuda. Kwakhona Islam baqala ukungena saa phakathi kwinginginya ukususela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinanye. Ukuqaliswa le nkolo entsha linxibelelene kakhulu umsebenzi Nasir Khosrow. Yena waba imbongi odumileyo basePersi, wabaleka kwabandisukelayo zakhe Pamirs.

Ismailis kwaba nempembelelo enkulu kubomi lokomoya kubemi Pamirs. Ngokutsho umba wonqulo Akukho nzima ukuqonda oko Pamiri (ntoni uhlanga, esiye sakuphonononga ngasentla). Kuqala kwinto zonke, abameli yezi zizwe zibe Ismaili (isebe US of Islam, apho bafumana impembelelo ubuHindu nobuBhuda). Kuthetha ntoni oku ku Islam olwahlukileyo iinkolelo zemveli?

Umahluko omkhulu:

• Pamirians athandaze kabini ngemini;
• amakholwa abayi ukudla Ramadan;
• akazange abafazi iguge kwaye musa ukunxiba komkhusane;
• abantu bavuma ukuba basele ivodka emthini yemibhaka.

Ngenxa yoku, amaSilamsi amaninzi zazingalamkeli Pamirians athembekileyo.

amasiko Family

Ngokunxulumene nosapho kunye umtshato iza kukunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba yintoni na Pamiri. Olunjani uhlanga kunye namasiko alo, abe nako ukuxelela ubomi bentsapho. Inguqulelo zindala usapho zisekelwe kumgaqo yonxulumano solusapho. Iintsapho yayimikhulu. Phakathi kwawo ke ekhokelwa ngabadala bonke wathobela. Kwakungekho de ukuvela ubudlelwane yorhwebo-mali. Intsapho yaba oyedwa, nokugcina izithethe solusapho.

Kwakungekho kuze kumiswe Islam. Le nkolo entsha luye lwanika ukongama inkunzi phezu imazi. Ngokutsho komthetho elifuna umntu unelungelo lokuba izibonelelo yaye kwiimeko ezininzi, umzekelo kwimiba lilifa. INdoda wasukuma ilungelo elisemthethweni umtshato. Kwimimandla weentaba, apho abafazi othatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi yezolimo, ukuma kwabo kwaba ngakumbi free.

Kwamanye amazwe weentaba imitshato consanguineous zamkelwe. Amaninzi oko zichatshazelwa yezizathu zoqoqosho.

izifundo key

Ukuze siqonde ukuba ngubani na Pamirs, kufuneka ngcono ukuqonda indlela yabo yokuphila. Umsebenzi oyinhloko aye a balima uhlobo wasezintabeni, nto leyo kudityaniswe ekufuyeni elide. Njengokuba izilwanyana ukuba yabola iinkomo, iibhokhwe, iigusha, iidonki kunye namahashe. UScott wayemfutshane, kungekhona ezisemgangathweni. Ebusika, izilwanyana zigcinwa ezilalini, kwaye ehlotyeni ngaphandle emadlelweni.

Wobugcisa likhaya Pamirs, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, kuquka inkqubo woboya lokunxibela of amalaphu. Abafazi ngayo uboya vulu eveliswe, kunye namadoda babezalukela laziwa kwihlabathi nenemizila iikhaphethi imfumba.

luphuhliswe iimpondo lokuloba processing, neebhokhwe ingakumbi zasendle. Kwezi, bamanqatha zaveliswa, ephatha iintshengece.

cuisine lobuzwe

Ukufunda malunga nenkcubeko kunye nenkolo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuqonda ukuba ngubani na Pamirs. Ukongeza le lwazi unokuba, ingqalelo ukutya yemveli abameli yezi zizwe. Ukwazi iindidi emveli, kulula ukuthelekelela ukuba Pamirians ukutya inyama encinane kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba akukho ndawo ukuze baphilise iinkomo, ngoko ithandwa ubisi noboya.

Ukutya ephambili ubalisa umgubo wengqolowa ngokohlobo cereals imibengo. Yomgubo wenze noodles, iikeyiki, amadombolo. Kwakhona abantu entabeni kudla iziqhamo, amandongomane, iimbotyi, imifuno. Kwimveliso yobisi kakhulu ethandwa phakathi kwabo lo sisi ibhokhwe, iti ubisi, amasi. Pamirians azizityebi basele iti kunye nobisi, ngokudibanisa liqhina of ibhotolo.