Mykola Lysenko, umqambi Ukrainian: biography, ubuchule

Mykola Lysenko, ogama engobomi ichazwe kweli nqaku - umqambi Ukrainian kunye Umqhubi, ipiyano kunye nani yoluntu, umfundisi abanetalente. A konke ukuqokelela iingoma zomculo womthonyama. Uye wenze okuninzi ubomi intlalo nenkcubeko kwezo Ukraine.

usapho

Lysenko uNikolay Vitalevich - ivela intsapho endala Cossack. Uyise, Vitaly Romanovich, yaba webutho, sikhulu cuirassier. Umama, Olga Eremeevna sasivela abaqeshisi Lutsenko.

ebuntwaneni

Ukususela lwemfundo yabaqalayo, imfundo yamabanga ka Nicholas, owazalelwa 1842, unina wakhe ngokwakhe, kunye wembongi Fet. Wayifundisa French Nicholas, umdaniso kunye nembeko. Ne-FET wafundisa Russian. Xa Nicholas wayeneminyaka-5 ubudala, Olga Eremeevna wafumana unyana wakhe uthando umculo. Kuba uphuhliso kwetalente wacelwa ukuba utitshala womculo. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, uNicholas awayezithanda yemibongo. Uthando iingoma kubantu Ukrainian olwabethelelwa kuye omkhulu-sana.

ukubunjwa

Emva imfundo ekhaya wayephethe, Nicholas waqalisa ukulungiselela ukungena esikolweni. Okokuqala babefundela Weyl ehostele, uze emva koko Geduena. Mykola Lysenko wangena kwisikolo eKharkov-2 ngo-1855 waphumelela kulo honors ngo 1859

Wandula ke wangena University of eKharkov. Kwi kwicandelo nenzululwazi yendalo. Emva konyaka, abazali baya kuhlala e Kiev, kunye Nicholas waya Kiev eyunivesithi, leFiziksi neMathematika Faculty kwiSebe Natural Sciences. Waphumelela kwiYunivesithi ngo-1864 yaye kamva ngonyaka waba umviwa yezenzululwazi.

Emva kwexesha elithile, ngo-1867, UNikolai V. waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe Leipzig Conservatory, nto leyo intle yonke eYurophu. Piano wayefundisa K. uReynard E. Wenzel and I. Moscheles, ukwakhiwa - E. Richter, ithiyori - Paperitts. Further UNikolai Lysenko baphuculwa orchestration Symphonic e Petersburg Conservatory Rimsky-Korsakov.

Ukuqala ngendlela yokudala

Kwisikolo aphakamileyo wathabatha izifundo umculo zabucala. Yaye waba nomdlali odumileyo. Yena kudla ukumenywa iibhola kunye soirees, apho wenza imisebenzi yi Mozart, Chopin, uBeethoven. iingoma Dance wadlala kwaye ngcono ngoncuthu Ukrainian.

Xa Nicholas wafunda kwiYunivesithi of Kiev, wafuna ukufumana ulwazi kangangoko ngomculo. opera yoko, safunda ngenyameko loo abaqambi odumileyo ezifana Glinka, Wagner, njl Ukususela ngelo xesha, UNikolai waqalisa ukuqokelela nokuhambelanisa iingoma zomculo womthonyama Ukrainian.

Ngelo xesha Mykola Lysenko Iikwayari labafundi lahlela, bamrhola, owazenza kunye nabo esidlangalaleni. Ngoxa ukufunda e Leipzig Conservatory, waqonda ukuba kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ukudala, ukuqokelela nokuphuhlisa folk Ukrainian, kunokuba lofundo lwefayile ezakudala amazwe.

umsebenzi wakhe

Ukususela ngo-1878, Nicholas waba umfundisi ipiyano, ukusebenza kwi-Institute for Noble eziNtombini. Xa nenani-1890. ulutsha abaqeqeshiweyo kwizikolo umculo Tutkovsky kunye Blumenfeld. Ngowe-1904, UNikolai V. waseka e Kiev, isikolo sakhe (1913 -. Lysenko). Yaba iziko yokuqala obonelela ngemfundo ephakamileyo kule somculo.

Ukudala isikolo wasebenzisa abahlobo banikela imali elungiselelwe kuthengwe nemiqolomba namahlelo imisebenzi yakhe. Iziko njalo phantsi kolawulo yamapolisa n'wina. Ngowe-1907, UNikolai V. ukuba Ngisho, kodwa wakhululwa ngentsasa elandelayo.

Ukususela 1908 ukuya 1912. yena echophele ibhodi "club Ukrainian." Le uluntu wakhokelela imisebenzi yemfundo. Ququzelela umculo kunye neziganeko loncwadi kunye nezifundo ukulungiselela uphuhliso lobungcali kootitshala. Ngowe-1911, UNikolai V. wayeyintloko wekomiti khuthaza ukufakela oqingqiweyo Taras Shevchenko. Lysenko koko zalungiswa umculo kuba operetta "Natalka Poltavka".

Lysenko lokwenza

Lysenko umsebenzi wokuqala abhalwe 1868, xa wafunda i Leipzig Conservatory. Yaba ingqokelela iingoma Ukrainian ukuba ipiyano kunye nelizwi. Lo msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu yenzululwazi kunye ngenkcazo. Kulo nyaka kwakukho umsebenzi wesibini - "Zapovit", ebhaliweyo isikhumbuzo ukufa Shevchenko.

Emva koko kulandela elithi "Umculo ukuba Kobzar". Wawuhlanganisa iziqwenga ngamnye ngaphezulu kwama-80. genre zabo ezahlukeneyo. Yonke imisebenzi ashicilelwe series ezisixhenxe. Okugqibela apapashwe kwi-1901

Mykola Lysenko wayesoloko embindini kubomi benkcubeko Kiev. Ukuba kubunkokheli be-Russian Musical Society, wathabatha indima ebonakalayo eekonsathi ezininzi, eziye zabanjwa kulo lonke Ukraine.

Yena wayenza ngezangqa zomculo. Kwaye wafumana imvume kwibakala lesi imidlalo, wenziwa Ukrainian. Ngowe-1872, UNikolai V. wabhala operettas ezimbini: "IKrismesi Night" yaye "Chernomorets". Bathi kamva yaba sisiseko zobugcisa yesizwe Ukrainian, ngonaphakade wangena yaba nkulu kumabala emidlalo.

Ngowe-1873 Lysenko apapasha umsebenzi wokuqala musicological malunga lwemveli Ukrainian. Kwangaxeshanye, UNikolai V. wabhala amaqhosha ipiyano kunye maphupho Symphonic.

E St. Petersburg, yena, kunye V. Paskhalov amalungiselelo Ikonsathi eekwayala. inkqubo lwabo luquka imisebenzi yi Lysenko, kwakunye iingoma Russian, Ukrainian, Serbian kunye Polish. Kwaba eSt Petersburg, wabhala Ukrainian Rhapsody yakhe yokuqala umxholo we-1 kunye polonaises-2, sonatas ukuba ipiyano.

Emva ngo 1876 e Kiev, Lysenko wenza igxininisa ekwenzeni umsebenzi. Ahlela iikonsathi, badlale ipiyano, ukudala iikwayala ezintsha. Le mali wavuswa siganeko awasinika iimfuno zoluntu. Yaba ngeli xesha wabhala inkoliso yemisebenzi yakhe ezinkulu.

Ngowe-1880, UNikolai V. waqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla enye opera best "Taras Bulba". Ngelo xesha kweza emininzi kakhulu umculo. Kufuneka kwakhona ukhankanye ukuphuculwa umculo kwi operetta "Natalka Poltavka" ngo 1889. Lo msebenzi uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo sele phantsi zonyango ezininzi. Kodwa kuphela amagama Lysenko yangqineka ngobugcisa epheleleyo.

UNikolay V. wadala indawo eyahlukileyo - opera zabantwana. Ukususela 1892 ukuya 1902. walungiselela ukhenketho choir eUkraine. Ngowe-1904 Lysenko wavula isikolo idrama, nto leyo iminyaka emininzi iye iziko ebalulekileyo spetsobrazovaniya Ukrainian.

Ngowe-1905 yena, ndawonye A. Kosice Society Choir "Boyan" yasungulwa. Kwenziwa koqobo khona. Kodwa kungekudala "Boyan 'isiqaqa ngenxa yeemeko zopolitiko kunye nokungabikho kwesiseko eziphathekayo. Society uye khona ukuba unyaka kuphela.

Kwiminyaka bakhe kamva Lysenko wabhala umsebenzi "Aeneid." Opera mercilessly wagxeka umyalelo yedwa waza waba umzekelo kuphela uvuthondaba kwi yeqonga zomculo Ukrainian.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, Nicholas inxaxheba ubuchule kuphela, kodwa imisebenzi yasekuhlaleni. Yena - mnye wabaququzeleli yesikolo seCawe umlimi. Yena bendilungiselela dictionary Ukrainian. Yena inxaxheba Kiev kubalo. Wasebenza kwisebe South-West of the Society Geographical Russian.

impilo Personal

Ngowe-1868 Lysenko watshata nomtshana nomzala wakhe wesibini, Olgoy Aleksandrovnoy O'Connor. Wayesele ungaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-8 kuye. Babehlala umtshato iminyaka eli-12, kodwa emva koko waya ngenxa yokuba kungekho bantwana. Lo mtshato esemthethweni ungenzanga njengokuvutha.

umtshato yesibini Lysenko yaba abangekho. Kwenye i Ikonsathi e Chernigov wadibana Lipskoy Olgoy Antonovnoy. Kamva waba ngumfazi wakhe eqhelekileyo-mthetho. Ke waba nabantwana abahlanu. Olga wafa emva kokuzala enye komntwana ngo-1900

ukufa umqambi ngayo

Lysenko uNikolay, umqambi, wafa amathandathu ngoNovemba 1912 ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo ngequbuliso. Xa ukuhlukana naye, kwafika amawaka evela kuzo zonke iingingqi Ukrainian. Inkonzo yomngcwabo yabanjwa kwi Vladimir Cathedral. Kwafika ikwayara ngaphambi abeze emngcwabeni. Kwakugcwele abantu 1,200, nokucula sazo sivakele eyayiseKiev. Lysenko wangcwatywa eKiev Baikove emangcwabeni.