Moss akwariyam: uhlobo kunye emaXhoseni athandwa kakhulu. Indlela yokutyala Aquarium moss

Ukubukeka okuphawulekayo nayiphi na itanki akuxhomekekanga kubukho yabemi ezingaqhelekanga, yaye kugqitywe salo enhle. Yenza angaphakathi ekhethekileyo kwamanzi - ukusebenza umdla yaye inika umdla. Ukulungiselela le njongo zonke iintlobo izinto zokuhombisa kwaye, kakade, iindidi zezityalo, kuquka indawo imbeko moss Aquarium. Ezi zindawo green nabalulamileyo kakhulu iimeko yamabanjwa, kodwa anexabiso eliphezulu lobuhle, kuba abasamkelayo aquarists ingqalelo jikelele.

Ukwahluka of bryophytes

Zonke Moss usapho twa kuba iklasi kwezityalo ephezulu, kodwa ke eyona abangekaphuhli kubo. Kulo mzekelo, bevela ngaphambili kakhulu kwezinye izityalo - malunga 440 yezigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngoku, kukho malunga 10,000 iintlobo ubulembu, leyo zahlulwe kwiiklasi ezinkulu ezintathu:

• Bryophyta - ubulembu real
• Marchantiophyta - liverworts
• Anthocerotophyta - antotserotovye.

Umgaqo yokuhlelwa isekelwe phezu iimpawu ezikhethekileyo inkangeleko moss, umzekelo, ngokohlobo kwamagqabi nezikhondo, ubukho ngemithambo amagqabi, i eyayizalwa iindiza umlinganiswa, njl Umzekelo, ukuba ukwahlula phakathi liverworts kwezinye iintlobo nje: .. Abanakho iziqu, amagqabi kunye neengcambu .

iimeko ezikhulayo mossy

ubulembu emanzini, imifanekiso leyo thaca ngezantsi, ngokulula ukuzivumelanisa naziphi na iimeko zokuhlala. iintlobo ezininzi kungenzeka akhona kakuhle ubushushu amanzi uluhlu +15 ... +30 ° C. Inqanaba ukhanyiso nawo ngokwawo awukho ingummiselo owaphakamayo njengoko yobulukhuni amanzi. Into kuphela ukuba ufuna zonke izityalo emanzini, moss kuquka - yokuvuselela ngamaxesha buso amanzi (20-30% yabo bebonke) ukunika izimbiwa entsha.

Kuba lwenkohlakalo of bryophytes ezintsha kwi zeendawana kokuba libotshelelwe, privalivayut amatye amancinci kwaye cola. Noko ke, kukho iintlobo ubulembu akwariyam ukuba musa nokuba mfuneko inakho okwethutyana.

Zonke iipropati zingentla ubulembu kubenza izinto ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze nohombisoa Aquarium.

Iipropati yokuhlobisa ubulembu

Uninzi bryophytes zizityalo, nenomlanga, ezo kunqabile ngaphezulu kwe 4-5 cm. Kodwa kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ubulembu akwariyam, ezimila ukuya kwisiqingatha semitha.

Ubulembu abanalo lokwenyaniso isiqu namagqabi. Amalungu izityalo ezifana amadiza, ekuthiwa kaulidiyami kunye namagqabi - phylloids.

Yeyona ixhaphakileyo ubulembu akwariyam iintlobo kuba iklasi ezi ubulembu. Hayi kudala kwi-akwariyam ukuya ukusebenzisa inani eliqingqiweyo kwiintlobo ezi zityalo, kodwa namhlanje uluhlu yabo iye yandiswa kakhulu. Apha ngezantsi kukho ubulembu akwariyam linomdla, iifoto eziza kukunceda ukuze bahlole iipropati obalaseleyo zokuhombisa. Emva koko, siza kuqwalasela iintlobo ezisebenzayo nezaziwayo.

moss Phoenix

Igama akwariyam moss Phoenix wafumana uhlobo bokuhlala amagqabi icala akhiwe kwi nembasa-kufana iintsiba phoenix edume evuthelweyo. Le moss sikhula kunokuba ngokucothayo yaye ukuya ku-3 cm ngobude. Unamathela kakuhle zeendawana akwariyam, uyakwazi ukukhula emhlabeni, snags, igridi, ukuze kuvuleke ezinkulu.

Moss akwariyam Phoenix ikhangeleka ngathi umthombo encinane. Hi ndlela leyi, ihlelo yesibini - Fissidens fontanus. Sikhula kwaye lukhula iqela esuka embindini ukuya emacaleni, ngokungathi umthombo zibambene. Enye isetyana ushiye amanzi okanye ilitye, malunga neenyanga ezimbini emva ukhula esigingqini anoboya imilo ungqukuva umbala esiluhlaza bumnyama. Ngelo xesha, kungakhathaliseki iindlela ngokulinywa Ukuchetywa, moss Phoenix phofu emva kwexesha ukuthatha imilo ukulenza.

Le iintlobo fanele ukuba moss enkulu, ngoko akoyiki of Siamese ulwelwe - abathandi famous moss.

Isityalo kakhulu nabalulamileyo - Akukho mfuneko nokukhanya, izondlo akananto ezongezelelweyo kunye CO _2. Noko ke, ngokuba ekukhuliseni kunye nokomelezwa i "anoboya", uyacebiswa ukuba enze ukutya i-Phoenix ngeedosi ezincinane ubuncinane carbon wondla kancinane dioxide.

Xa usenza amadama eyenziweyo nasenzo fissidens idla kubekwa kwiindawo ezibonakalayo, njengoko kubonakala gqitha nokuba kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo ezintle enezityalo eziphila zima. aquarists abaninzi bakhetha ngokubanzi indawo ngokupheleleyo ukutyala ye akwariyam le izityalo kuphela, yaye kubonakala emangalisayo.

flame moss

Le akwariyam moss ifumana kuphela ngokuthandwa phakathi bama. Liphinde decorativeness ophezulu, kwaye ibe nayiphi na yokwenene uhombiso ichibi ngumntu. igama lakhe nayo iyafuneka ukwenza amagqabi izityalo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kakuhle kweziphothe khangela ngathi amadangatye. Namagqabi inkqubo roll kakhulu, nzima amanzi.

Kuphendula kuye branched kancinane, ukukhula becala nkqo. Ububanzi sityalo ikhula kancinci, efikelela kubude-15 cm. Kwiimeko ezininzi ilangatye moss esetyenziselwa uhombiso oluphakathi kunye iindawo ngasemva zima.

A isici esasenza lo mahluko ungakanani umthamo prirastaniya eliphantsi ukuya zeendawana. Malunga nalo uyilo amanzi kunye namatye kwenziwa ngokufaka ukuba ematyholweni ngelayini lokuloba. Le ndlela ivumela ukuba uye decor moss kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo itanki, xa kukho imfuneko.

moss Isi-Javanese

Aquarium plant Java moss iyaziwa ixesha elide yaye yenye iintlobo zixhaphakileyo kusetyenziswa kuyilo landscape Aquarium. Le - isityalo emanzini, ekubeni kungenzeka kakuhle kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo nje kuphela ngamanzi kodwa umoya kuma emanzi.

Aquarium Isi-Javanese moss uye data kakhulu zokuhombisa, nto leyo efunekayo ukugcina iimeko ezithile. Eyiyo uluhlu lobushushu zokulinywa ngempumelelo izityalo yi +24 ... +28 ° C. Ukuba lobushushu iwela ngaphantsi +22 ° C, le akwariyam moss phantse iyeka likhula, kugcina nangona inkangeleko yayo iiveki ezimbalwa.

impendulo esebenzayo, nobulukhuni amanzi nto ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa indima ukukhanya. Nangona isibakala sokuba eli ezahlukeneyo nga elide khona ebumnyameni phantse ngokupheleleyo, ukukhula kwayo, yaye inika ukukhanya zokuhombisa okuqaqambileyo.

Ngamana ubunzima imbonakalo izityalo kwaye nangenxa isixa esikhulu mba kumiswe emanzini eyenza ukutyabeka akuthandeki kwi emasebeni awo. Wenza turbidity ukuba emgodini intlanzi emhlabeni kwaye rhoqo ezisebenza isiguquli. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, amatakane lisiza moss, echaphazela kakubi isityalo. Ngelo xesha ukubuyisela umgangatho omhle olu hlobo moss akukwazeki nkqu ukuhluza amanzi amaninzi. Ngoko ngaphambi kokuba ukukhula akwariyam moss eklasini, kufuneka uqinisekise iimeko ezifanelekileyo, kodwa ke abe uhombiso ngokwenene ichibi ekhaya.

moss kladofora

Esi sesinye isityalo eliqhelekileyo kwi-akwariyam. Igama yesibini - akwariyam moss-ibhola, kodwa eneneni ukuya ubulembu oko akunanto yakwenza. Amanqatha oqaqambileyo oluhlaza anoboya - ithanga yokungcoliswa eluhlaza ulwelwe yosinga olu ezikhula elimile sphere. Ukuba iimeko zivuma kwi akwariyam, akwariyam moss-ball (kladofora) ingaba izihlandlo ezininzi ezinkulu kuno kubungakanani bayo boqobo.

Nangona lona lisiza kwi-akwariyam azithandeki, ezi zidalwa cute akukho ngaphandle. Bona musa umonakalo ezityalweni, musa ngqo izinto zokuhombisa kunye negilasi. Embindini ibhola wenziwe yeenxalenye ulwelwe abafileyo ibe ilastiki nemisontwana aziluki. Koloni efanayo kakhulu uhlala phezu kwesi siseko ukulenza. Ukuba ibhola ithe wagawulwa, ufumana ityali anoboya, ungenza ingca eluhlaza ukusuka apho emazantsi zima.

Moss-ibhola kuphela imbonakalo entle, kodwa ke uhlobo imfunxa, amanzi idlule ngelixa ekuzalisekiseni product yayo. Kwi-akwariyam, esi sityalo sele eyaziwa kangangamakhulu eminyaka yaye sele andilahlekwanga ukufaneleka kwayo.

moss Riccia

Le moss lichazwa njenge liverworts. Oku ndiyihlanganise ndiyidadise phezu kwamanzi, ukwakha iziqithi ezintle, ebizwa thalli. I-akwariyam Ricci amaninzi isetyenziswe shader yendalo okanye zeendawana ngenxa zidala kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlanzi, nayo leyo ungathanda ukufihla i Qhotsa. Ukongeza, le sityalo ngowona mthombo ukutya elisemagqabini eziphilayo ezininzi herbivorous emanzini.

Riccia iluncedo ingakumbi xa kwamachibi ngumntu neentlobo viviparous yeentlanzi. Xa Jer ezidadayo Qhotsa zabo akukho indawo kuphela ikhusi, kodwa kwakhona ukutya kuyimfuneko. A iintlobo mibono iintlanzi kusetyenziswa amasebe moss ukwakha iindlwane zazo njengogwebu.

Ukuze uphuhliso olungileyo Ricci kufuneka eqaqambileyo zikhanyiswe, t. To. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwiziqithi ukukhanya ngayo iba ibe amagqabi amancinci. Noko ke, kwelanga ngqo kunye eewathi izibane, le sesityalo contraindicated, njengoko kunokubangela nokutsha. Kuba ukhanyiso sincoma usebenzisa LED okanye izibane ezibengezelayo.

Eyiyo uluhlu lobushushu for Ricci of +22 ... +26 ° C. Xa lobushushu lihla ngezantsi +20 ° C, ukukhula yezityalo kuhlile noko, nangona imbonakalo siyagcinwa. Ukudala imeko-akwariyam obutofotofo maze azigubungele isiciko. Olu hlobo moss ayiwufuni ngoobani kunye namanzi - kuphuhliso zalo ezilungileyo, kufuneka ithambe. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula kufuneka endaweni rhoqo amanzi.

Riccia zingasetyenziswa njenge-inshorensi lomhlaba izityalo kunye snags phambi ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo. Iphindaphindeka le moss, nje amasebe ezimbalwa le thallus, ukuba ngokukhawuleza bawuzalisa phezu kwamanzi.

iqhosha moss

Elinye igama le ezahlukeneyo - fontinalis. It has nkqo ethambileyo kubangelwa 20-25 cm ngobude, apho iqhele ezininzi kuThixo amagqabi ezingcakacileyo kunye nemilo ezincinane ntathu. iintshinyela ezishinyeneyo oluhlaza emnyama i umhombiso omhle zima.

Ingxaki ephambili kule fontinalis zokulima ke amaxesha onyaka kwezityalo yayo. Ehlotyeni, xa amaqondo obushushu kwi itanki ligcinwa ngaphakathi +25 ... +27 ° C, isityalo aziva ekhululekile kakhulu. Kodwa ebusika ubushushu buyehla kancinci, kodwa eli xesha moss ukuphumla. In vivo fontinalis ubusika kwi-phinde ngo 2 ... +4 ° C, yaye ebusika akwariyam "shushu." Kulo mba, nkqu amatanki eziqhaqhazelis, le ezahlukeneyo akahlali ngaphezu konyaka.

Ngokuphathelele iimfuno zamanzi, kumele kube asidi kancinane okanye cala kwaye ethambileyo, uze uqiniseke ukuba ukucoca. Ngoko imfuneko ukuhluza amanzi kunye nokusebenzisa akvabionty esifanelekileyo.

abemi enhle akwariyam fontinalis ingqalelo characins ezincinane kunye nentlanzi viviparous. Ezinkulu, kwaye ingakumbi imba komhlaba kunokuba yingozi kwisityalo.

moss Key izalana ngokwahlula ityholo. Kungcono nje ukuthenga ndlovu ezinkulu eziqhotyoshelwe zeendawana, amanzi okanye ilitye, linda de isityalo siya kukhula uze alabe libe zizabelo.

Ukudala iimeko ezithandwa moss

amanzi sokuzenzela saturation uglekislorodom

Zonke ubulembu zasemanzini, inkcazelo yayo uchazwe apha ngasentla, ukunqongophala kwamanzi ndingaziva, ngoko musa kufa. Noko ke, ukuze aphuhlise embi, kwaye isizathu amaninzi ukunqongophala kokutya.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba photosynthesis kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa izityalo amandla elanga kunye nokuselwa carbon dioxide unyityilikiswa emanzini. Owalwa odlayo CO ₂ ngexesha emini, izityalo nezilwanyana zasemanzini ukunciphisa kakhulu eyavela emanzini bebodwa kwaye ngenxa yale ukubandezeleka. Umzekelo, kukufakwa CO ₂ ezamahala fontinalis pH amanzi efika 8.8 isalathiso, ngamanye amazwi oko basified. Ngokufanayo, izinto kunye nezinye izityalo.

Iimeko wemvula enayo le carbon dioxide ukuhluleka izithuba wavalelwa azinayo, ngoko umele aqinisekise ukuba kumgangatho kufuneka kwenziwe. Xa ihamba izinga photosynthesis amanzi eliphezulu kakhulu amileyo. Kule uqhagamshelo kuyimfuneko phambi engapheli akwariyam, kodwa enamandla kakhulu ngoku amanzi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ubulembu zasemanzini kunye nezinye izityalo baya kuziva bekhululekile.

top-nesiya

Imfuneko micro-kwaye macro nazo zonke ubulembu zasemanzini. isiqulatho zabo ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke phezu iintlobo ezithile zezityalo. Oku kungenxa yokuba, umzekelo, ukwanda xi nayitreyithi ikhuthaza ukukhula yiklorofili (ngombala oluhlaza) kwezinye iintlobo ubulembu, kodwa ukulimaza abanye.

Phantse wonke alaqhenqetha Moss bakhetha nitrate Ammonium. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba nitrate obambeleyo Ammonium, kodwa xiyimiso nitrogen ihlala phezulu, kwisityalo ziyayeka ukukhula kwaye zife. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba izakusetyenziswa endaweni potassium Nitrate urea, idosi layo lincinane.

Malunga sobhedu, xa umxholo walo ilitha 1 kwamanzi isixa 0,01 mg yiklorofili yoxinaniso uba eliphezulu, yaye ukuba idosi olwandisiweyo ml-10 ilitha nganye, uya kuphulukana chloroplast umbala oluhlaza.

Phosphorus, njengokuba umthetho, nempembelelo entle kuphuhliso ubulembu zasemanzini. Ke kaloku omnye izondlo abaluleke kakhulu ezi zityalo calcium. Noko ke, kungomlinganiselo aphezulu kule ubulembu (bryophytes) na into eyingozi, njengoko ukufakwa kunzima ezinye ukuse-.

Calcium nezinki, ngenxa ukhuphiswano efanayo kwiinkqubo pathways, ukunciphisa ukufunxeka namandla ion.

Ngelishwa, umbuzo eziphembelela izondlo ngokwemilinganiselo ezahlukeneyo ukwenzela uphuhliso akwariyam moss nangoku ngokwaneleyo efunda. Njengoko umthetho, uhlobo ezininzi iintlobo ubulembu lukhule ngokukhawuleza ekupheleni kwehlobo kwaye bonke ekwindla. Xa izondlo ebusika nasentlakohlaza bambalwa kakhulu, ngoko nokuncipha izinga lokukhula.

Pest ubulembu Aquarium

Iintshaba iphambili bryophytes kwi akwariyam zezi ulwelwe-intlanzi, Shrimp Amano, iinkumba kunye lisiza.

Ukuphelisa ulwelwe Kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise isisombululo-5 ekhulwini bleach. Izityalo abosulelwe ulwelwe egxile kumxube chlorine siwagxobhagxobhe ukuba imizuzu embalwa. Emva yokufumana ulwelwe emhlophe, shift moss kwisikhongozeli ngamanzi acocekileyo, wahlamba ngokupheleleyo. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba indlela enjalo ukumelana asizizo zonke iintlobo bryophytes. Indlela kakuhle zokucoca isicelo se lisiza kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emanzini akwariyam glutaraldehyde kwindawo umyinge 10-15 mm / 100 l.

isiphelo

Inzuzo echaza ubulembu akwariyam yi plasticity yazo emangalisayo ubomi, kuchazwe ukukwazi nanto ukuqhelana kuluhlu olubanzi iimeko zangaphandle. Ukongeza, i-Moss usapho kwasasazeka ekhulayo olucothayo kakhulu, oko kukuthi inzuzo yazo ukuqina kwiaqua. Olu phawu akubikho mfuneko zongenelelo rhoqo kwi ekwakhiweni, moss structured. Kwaye okona kubalulekileyo: ubulembu - xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izityalo amanzi - a nabalulamileyo kakhulu, nto leyo yenza ukuba iindlela ezingcono kunye jikelele ye decor Aquarium.