Lion Isango e Mycenae: inkcazelo, imbali

Xa becwangcisa uhambo eGrisi, qiniseka ukuba ukhethe iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba uhambo Mycenae. Esi sixeko samandulo ayikho ngaphandle sizathu ngokuba yi-Cradle of Greece. Yena kwakugcwele ngokupheleleyo umoya amaqhawe yamandulo benza izinto egameni zoothixo Olympus, ebekade ngaphambili, nto leyo umona zonke izikumkani zehlabathi.

Iintsomi malunga imbonakalo Mycenae

Mycenae Ukuzalwa ebuyela kude kube kwimbali. Abembi bezinto zakudala bakholelwa ukuba isixeko kwasekwa i-BC kwinkulungwane yeshumi. Ise entshona iPeloponnese, waba isixeko inelona futhe likhulu Greece yamandulo waza wabeka isiseko lonke kwixesha elibizwa ngokuba 'era zohlobo. "

Ilivo Greek ithi isixeko yasekwa hero omkhulu Perseus, unyana kaZeyus, sibambe uncedo nelamaRafa kunye Cyclopes. Enyanisweni, lo mzi, apho ebhotwe nenqaba iindonga zazakhiwe avulwe omkhulu, ngokugqibeleleyo zihlanganiswe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa udaka. Ezinye kwamakhulu nobunzima malunga nekhulu kweetoni, neendonga ngokwabo bayavuswa ukuya ukuphakama kuyimitha ezilishumi. Loo indlela yokwakhiwa kweendonga ngokuba "wamatye cyclopean". Uninzi izakhiwo Mykonos wakha kule nqubo. Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso njani ezi iibhloko bafudukela ngexesha lokwakha.

Abasunguli Mycenae

Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba wabaseki esiXekweni kuqwalaselwa Achaean yamandulo umsebenzi walo ongundoqo baba zobuntlola zomkhosi kwiimo ezikufutshane. KaHomer kumbongo yakhe edumileyo ehlabelela Mycenae kunye nabaseki zakhe zemfazwe. Ngobuchule Mycenae lalikhona lula kakhulu - umzi, engqongwe iindonga kakuhle enqatyisiweyo, kubekwe phezu entabeni. Ukunatyiswa emhlabeni ithafa idima iintshaba siyathandaza namathuba okufumana kusondela esixekweni. Ngokuthe ngcembe yena crepe yasekwa yachuma.

History of Mykonos: ukunyuka

Mycenaeans vika ngononophelo iindlela isixeko sabo, yaye BC ngenkulungwane weshumi, zawutwabulula phezu lonke lo zwe. Abemi bamatasa kurhwebo nokuphuhlisa nomzi wabo. inkcubeko zohlobo iye indawo impucuko Minoan ukuba yatshatyalaliswa phantse emva kukujaduka mlilo ka Santorini. Mycenaeans sahlala kwisiqithi saseKrete, abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumana ubungqina iinkcubeko zabo kumabhodlo ebhotwe Minosskogo. kwiinkulungwane eziliqela webhodi Mycenae wabeka uphawu elikhulu yonke imbali Greece yamandulo.

Ngokutsho kwiintsomi, Agamemnon, ukumkani Mycenae lo mzi waya iphulo ixesha elide nxamnye uTroy. Ukuwa uTroy yaba isipho kukumkani enkulu oothixo inzaliseko yesithembiso kubingelela intombi yakhe Iphigenia. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokubuyela ukumkani ezisemagqabini Mycenae, yena wabulala umfazi wakhe Klitemestry, eyayinentliziyo emva kokufa intombi yakhe. De kube ngoku, Greece igama layo lithetha "muzheubiytsa".

Ngexesha layo i Mycenaeans Wakha iidolophu ezininzi hombisa umzi wakho izakhiwo ngobukhulu, ezifana ebhotwe, umzekelo. Umahluko phakathi kwabahlali kwezityebi namahlwempu kuye ezibalulekileyo kakhulu. Mycenaeans bahlukana umphakathi iiklasi, enika amalungelo zabathengisi mikhosi.

Kokuwa Mycenae

eminyaka emininzi amandla yempucuko zohlobo yaphela emva ayehlasela iPeloponnese kwi eziliwaka elinamakhulu amabini BC ngokwezizwe imfazwe le Dorians. Azitshabalalisa zonke iidolophu ezinkulu losingasiqithi, kuquka Mycenae. Phantsi koxinzelelo kwabo bawa kunye Troy, nto leyo engazange abe nexesha elaneleyo kwakhona emva uloyiso nokuphumelela Agamemnon. Abahlali Mycenae uye wazama ukuvuselela umzi, kodwa ekugqibeleni washiya Peleponnesa e-Asia kunye ziqithi. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi Mycenae yalityalwa.

Ivula Mycenae: zombiwe Genriha Shlimana

azalwe ngokutsha Mycenae endiyityala odumileyo Heinrich Schliemann. zakudala engapheliyo, ukhangelo ngenzondelelo edume Troy, singalindelanga bakhubeka phezu amangcwaba kuloo mmandla Mycenae, ngubani eqhiphuke umbilini ubutyebi zakudala nanto. Decoration, inxalenye zentsimbi emkhosini, imifanekiso kunye imizobo - nto yayenziwe ngegolide. Ukususela zamangcwaba eziliqela Schliemann unako ukubavusa kilograms ngaphezulu kwe mathathu iimveliso zesinyithi anqabileyo. Of ixabiso oluthile Abembi bafumana ukufa imaski yegolide. Ekuqaleni, lo izazinzulu bathi kwi nexesha edume ukumkani Agamemnon, kodwa emva kokuba isifundo elide lwekhulu yayo yomhla elinesithandathu BC. Ubutyebi ababefumaneka esixekweni, aba kokukhangela ezininzi ezinzima zakudala kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba emva kwexesha. Mycenae bangumzekelo yonke into usinike ihlabathi of Greece yamandulo. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo yalo mzi magingxigingxi yaye obufihlakeleyo iindonga zasebhotwe abakhenkethi nobugorha kwakukuhle, elikhethekileyo ngohlobo lwayo ngcwaba yasebukhosini ebekade okungenaluzsini wafumana zakudala.

iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo Mycenae

Ukumba Mycenae waqhubeka iminyaka emininzi, zivule iingxowa elitsha kwalo mzi emangalisayo. into eyaba nganye wabonisa ukuba iPeloponnese Mycenae waba nempembelelo enamandla, nto leyo engazange ngaphambili wazibonela Ancient Greece. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo Mycenae namhlanje amele isakhiwo enkulu kunye yamanxuwa ebhotwe, imihlaba yokungcwaba kunye iinqaba. Enyuka ezikhumbuzo zakudala kunokuba iiyure. A indawo ekhethekileyo phakathi kwezinto ezafunyanwa ngabembi bezinto zakudala abahlala kwiSango Lion kunye amangcwaba shaft Mycenae. imvelaphi yazo, izazinzulu azikhange zikwazi bavumelane ngomhla. Trip ku Mycenae, unako ukuthenga unelungelo eAthens. Iiyure ezimbini wachitha ngendlela, imali encinane kakhulu ngenxa stunner, eya kuvela phambi kwamehlo umkhokeli.

Lion Isango e Mycenae: Inkcazo

Ukungena enqabeni imizi enqatyisiweyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba kudlula kwiSango sengonyama. Bona ngokwabo yakhiwa iibhloko ezine monolithic, nganye angu malunga namashumi amabini. Abembi bezinto zakudala bakholelwa ukuba ezi iibhloko ombiwe Amygdala eweni. Iibhloko ukuqhubekekiswa kakuhle nokutshintswa omnye komnye. Emva kweminyaka emininzi yokufunda, abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumanisa ukuba lutyhido zezixhobo zokwenza ngathi isarha setyhula. Wona aqoqiwe kwi ematyeni ngokucacileyo zibonakala ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Le yenye iiphazili zokuqala eziya kubonelela abafundi kunye mbali Lion Gate e Mycenae. uhlobo House isango efanayo kunye yesicelo udonga - wamatye monolithic. Xa vekeleke, abaphengululi isiqabu eengonyama yasekwa phezu kwesango kamva ukwakhiwa kodonga inqaba. Umhla sayo esikhankanywe malunga BC ngenkulungwane weshumi elinesithathu. Iingonyama uphawu oluxhaphakileyo imbali of Europe. ohlanga abaninzi abanekratshi womfanekiso wabo ingubo yayo ingalo.

Le bas-isiqabu eyenziwe iibhloko ezintathu ubonisa eziphilileyo ezimbini ezinamandla, emi phezu ngemilenze yakhe nemazi, Esayama kumhlathi. Kwamakhulu oqingqiweyo ukusuka okuqinileyo lekalika rock. Ngelishwa, intloko izilwanyana akufuneki zigcinwe, kodwa abembi bathi zaphoswa ngegolide, wajika abantu engenayo. Ngokutsho kwezinye uqikelelo, iingonyama ebeyingcinga kwesinye amakhosi abalawulayo Mycenae. Kwenye inguqulelo yale omkhulu BAS-isiqabu azinikele patroness yeli izilwanyana - uthixokazi ndibile. mbali abaninzi ukubona ezifanayo kunye mibala drevnekeltskimi BAS-isiqabu. Xa inkcubeko yabo, iingonyama zabagonyamela indawo ekhethekileyo, kodwa oosonzululwazi siluqondile intsingiselo umfanekiso mkhulu namhlanje.

Iintsomi ngemvelaphi Isango sengonyama

Lion Gate e Mycenae - isakhiwo ekhethekileyo, njengazo apho eningayakhanga nempumelelo ngenxa lonke ixesha inkcubeko zohlobo. Indlela yokwakha kunye alungisa ngayo iikholam uBharnabhas-isiqabu isimbo Cretan kwakhokelela izazinzulu ukuba ukukhumbula iintsomi kakhulu zamaGrike.

Iinkolelo bathi bezizwe kwinzala oothixo zobugorha Atlantis, abeza kwilizwe Greece yamandulo ngaphandle yephondo yayo elahlekileyo. Eneneni, izakhiwo zamatye abaninzi ukuba abembi libhekisela kwixesha ka Cretan-Minoan impucuko kwaza kwafakwa kuyo zohlobo ushiye imibuzo emininzi. iye yangeniswa njani kwaye zisiwe kwiindawo ukwakhiwa kuvuleke enkulu? Kutheni abanye babo baye ezidibene izixhobo zokwenza, elifana mihla? Kutheni bas esangweni sobufundisi ngokusondeleyo kunye nemifanekiso ezinye iinkcubeko? Akekho omnye imibuzo iimpendulo imbi.

Riddle Isango sengonyama

Ukuba sicinga ukuba kwiSango Lion kwi Mycenae zakhiwa njenge isakhiwo ukuzithethelela, ngoko ke izazinzulu kukho omnye imfihlelo kule ndawo umangalisayo - bonke ubuncwane abafunyanwa ngexesha lakho Schliemann, amangcwaba zibekwe ngokwenza phantsi isiseko kwesango. Kwindawo enye i zakudala odumileyo ikwazile ukufumana kwingcwaba Agamemnon, iyaphuphuma ngamanyondololo ezenziwe ngegolide nesiliva. Ngaphambi kwixesha kamva yamaGrike akazange ninjengamangcwaba.

Abembi bezinto zakudala bakholelwa ukuba emnyango kwinqaba iShushan nge kwiSango iNgonyama yayingekabikho kuwo wonke. Oku kungqinwa indlela esa esangweni - ecaleni kulo amangcwaba shaft odumileyo, eyaba engcwele ngenxa Mycenaeans. A owasemzini ayikwazanga bamkelwe iindawo zonqulo. Ndafumanisa ukuba kubonisa ukubaluleka ekhethekileyo Isango iNgonyama ngokungathi indawo yonqulo zebhola nenkcubeko zohlobo.

Kutheni loo Mycenaeans yokungcwaba? Yini na amalungiselelo nobuncwane babo emnyango esixekweni? Eziphucukileyo hypothesis lesayensi sele ebengekaphoswa phambili. Lion Gate e Mycenae vika ngononophelo iimfihlelo kwabayili zabo

basebhotwe

Abakhenkethi abathenga zityelele ku Mycenae, uyakwazi ukubona ezinye ezikhumbuzo zembali kanye isixeko bazizityebi. Right ukusuka kwindlela kwiSango iNgonyama wakhokelela basebhotwe. Uqhekekile esi sakhiwo nokuba ngoku ndiyithandile abakhenkethi. Xa iziko kwesakhiwo iye iholo enkulu ende kunye eziko - megaron. Iziko ke zalungisa ngononophelo kwaye ezihonjiswe kunye noyilo mbeje, Iintsika omkhulu ephethe loo mzimba ezimbombeni zone ezonka. Iindonga eholweni mikhosi Zazihonjiswe imizobo kwisimbo Cretan. Homer ebizwa "okhanyayo" kwiholo kwimibongo yakhe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Minoans baba iinjineli ezinkulu kunye nabayili. Yonke lwesakhiwo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, eziqhagamshelene umtya iikhorido kunye namagumbi. Phantsi sigodlo ibekwe inkqubo yonxibelelwano kunye namanzi sixeko. Izakhiwo ezininzi ngaphakathi Mycenae zakhiwa nemigangatho ezimbini okanye ezintathu, nto leyo ethetha kuphela malunga yokuhlawula amatyala lwemali abemi, kodwa ngobuchule abakhi.

Kwibhotwe ekuthiwa wagcinwa kwitempile yamandulo. Abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumana oothixokazi eqingqiweyo umntwana eziliqela. Ngubani Bayinqula Mycenaeans, izazinzulu abazi nto konke konke. Njengoko kwakunye ayaziwa okanye kuqondwe mbali izithethe zomngcwabo.

emangcwabeni Shaft

Shaft emangcwabeni ubuncinane kwindawo ekhethekileyo ngaphezu kwiSango Lion e Mycenae. isangqa ezimbini lengcwaba atshintshelwe ixesha kamva engcweleni, kwakukho indawo yokuphumla le Mycenaeans amanene. Izazinzulu Awukwazi ukuchaza isizathu sokuba abemi kungcwatywa abantu babo ababathandayo behleli amangcwaba shahtoobraznyh elimxinwa. Le meko awunanto yakwenza onke amasiko ezaziwayo ngaphambili yamaGrike. yokungcwaba ngalinye izele imihombiso kunye nezinto zendlu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke izinto zenziwa ngamatye anqabileyo. Bayeza kuzo bronzes. Emva Schliemann ufumana amangcwaba oluthi Mycenae wabizwa ngokuba "zlatoobilnymi".

Lion Gate omkhulu, izihombo ubunewunewu negolide nempahla, iintsomi, amabali kunye iimfihlelo - konke oku wanika "zlatoobilnye" ihlabathi Mycenae. Greece uyakwazi enchant nawuphi babatyeleli oya abafuni ukuyichukumisa kwakhona ngomkhonto wakhe amawaka eminyaka embali.