Laser Ithemomitha: umgaqo amanyathelo. Laser ubushushu ekude (ifoto)

nesilinganiso Ubushushu kungaba zoqhagamshelwano kunye kude. Ezixhaphakileyo thermocouples, ithemomitha kwaye utsale abenzi resistor efuna ukunxibelelana into, okt. K. Umlinganiselo iqondo yayo. Benza kancinane, kodwa akubizi.

abenzi boluvo yokulinganisa ukulinganisa infrared ukusuka into, ukunika iziphumo ekhawulezileyo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa ukugqiba lobushushu ihamba kunye namaqumrhu ebiphakathi vacuo kunye ingafikeleleki ngenxa ndlongondlongo kokusingqongileyo, iimpawu ngokwemilo okanye ingozi yokhuseleko. Ixabiso zixhobo ezinjalo liphezulu kakhulu, nangona kwezinye iimeko ezifanayo ukuqhagamshelana izixhobo.

ezinombala thermometry

indlela ezinombala yokuqingqa elubengezelo iyonke isebenzisa kwamaza kwangaphambili. Ukusetyenziswa zisukela ixhokonxa ezilula isandla-zabanjwa komlinganiselo kude izixhobo zobugcisa eziphathwayo uvumela ukuba ngaxeshanye bagcine into kunye nofundo yayo ubushushu ukuba kungenwe kwinkumbulo okanye uziprinte. abenzi boluvo umile zimelwa khona njenge detectors ezilula ilungiselelo elektroniki remote encinane, yaye high-amandla izixhobo kude PID-control. optic Fiber, laser ejolise, ukupholisa amanzi, ubukho kwidispleyi kwaye vuavanyisi - ozikhethelayo esweni iinketho nkqubo neenkqubo zolawulo.

Uqwalaselo, ukuhluza ecacicleyo, uluhlu lobushushu yokusebenza, ngokukhanya, ixesha lokuphendula nokubengezela yento zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela intsebenzo kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngononophelo kwinkqubo yokhetho.

Le woluvo inokuba yinto elula wire ezimbini-, nengcinga ezintsonkothileyo high-nobuzaza banxibe ezingatshiyo.

Ukukhetha impendulo ecacicleyo kunye nobushushu uluhlu ezinxulumene imisebenzi womlinganiselo ethile. kwamaza ezimfutshane zisetyenziswa iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu elide - for phantsi. Ukuba izinto ziselubala, umzekelo, iplastiki neeglasi, oko kuyimfuneko uzkovolnovaya lokuhluza. Ukufunxeka band of CH polyethylene ifilimu 3,43 .mu.m. Ukuqhela spectrum kule kuluhlu lula kubalwa eli emissivity. Ngokufanayo, izinto zeglasi-ezifana zibe ngaphaya kwindawo ngamaza 4.6 microns, nto leyo evumela ukufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo iqondo lobushushu eglasini. 1-4 microns idangatya ndawo yenza ukwenza nomlinganiselo nge Ekungeneni uhlolo emoyeni kunye namagumbi uxinzelelo. Ezizezinye - ukusetyenziswa fibre-optic cable.

Optic RTT azinamsebenzi kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusukela entsimini Ngenxa yobukhulu ka-3 cm kumgama 50 cm kunye nexesha lokuphendula ngaphantsi kwe-1 s kwanele. Kuba amancinci okanye fast ngakanye into abaya kuba yimfuneko ukuba (ubukhulu 3mm) amancinane okanye ngaphezulu ezincinane imilinganiselo (0.75 mm) ndawo. Kude sasijonge (3-300 m) kufuna uhlengahlengiso enombala, njengentsimi esemgangathweni kwimboniselo kuba kukhulu kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko, le ndlela kusetyenziswa radiometry ngumtshangatshangiso-mbini. ifayibha Optical kuvumela ukuba ukude elektroniki-bume ndlongondlongo, ukuze kupheliswe ifuthe nengxolo kunye ukusombulula ingxaki lokufikelela.

Laser ubushushu iindidi lilawulwa kuluhlu 0.2-5.0 kunye nexesha lokuphendula. quick response kungandisa ingxolo uphawu kunye nesiphumo kade kwi uvakalelo. Xa yoqheliso ukufudumeza ufuna impendulo ekhawulezileyo, kwaye nangenxa yokuthutha - icotha impendulo.

Ezinombala IR ubushushu ilula kwaye lisetyenziswa kwiimeko apho iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukwenza ulawulo lobushushu lubaluleke kakhulu.

ezimbini-bubuyisela thermometry

Ngokuba imisebenzi enzima, apho neSingqinisiso accuracy elililo kubalulekile, yaye apho imveliso phantsi koxinzelelo ngokwasemzimbeni okanye amachiza, kwaye isebenzisa ngumtshangatshangiso ezimbini radiometry. Ingcinga kwavela ekuqaleni 1950, kwaye utshintsho olusandukubakho kuyilo hardware kunye nokwandisa nemveliso yayo nokunciphisa iindleko.

Le ndlela iqulathe ekulinganiseni loxinano amandla ecacicleyo kwi kwamaza ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Iqondo lobushushu into zinokufundwa ngqo kwisixhobo, ukuba emissivity le okufanayo kwamaza nganye. Iimpawu ziya kuba yinyaniso nokuba yintsimi lwembono ngokuyinxenye Uvale izinto ezibandayo kakhulu, ezifana nothuli, ucingo lwe window hina kwaye iyakhanya. indlela Ithiyori ilula. Ukuba zombini kwamaza, elubengezelo iyafana (ukuba umzimba grey), inani elikhoyo ukukhutshwa lifinyele kwaye ngokunxulumene uba umlinganiselo ukuba lobushushu.

Dual-kwamaza laser ubushushu kusetyenziswa kushishino kunye nophando nje elula woluvo, ezikhethekileyo kunganciphisa isiphoso womlinganiselo.

Ngapha koko, ubushushu multiwavelength zimisele izinto ezo ukuba izidumbu zingwevu, lo ukufunxa leyo ayifani ne kwamaza. Kule meko ke ifuna ukuba uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha kwiimpawu zomphandle eziphathekayo kwi ukuzalana ukungavumelani kwe kwamaza, lobushushu nemichiza nokwakhiwa komhlaba. Ngezi data kusenokwenzeka ukwenza algorithm ukubala ngokuxhomekeke radiation ecacicleyo kwi kwamaza ezahlukileyo lobushushu.

imithetho ixabiso

Ukuvavanya ukuchaneka zomlinganiselo umsebenzisi kufuneka wazi oku kulandelayo:

• abenzi boluvo IR akuboni ukwahlula imibala.
• Ukuba ngaphezulu into ecwebezelayo, ngoko isixhobo iya kuseka nje kuphela ezikhutshiweyo kodwa amandla kubonakala.
• Ukuba into sikhanya, kuyimfuneko IR nocococ (umz, iglasi zimnyama kwi microns 5).
• Ngo alithoba kwalishumi amatyala kufuneka umlinganiselo ngqo ngokupheleleyo. readings waphinda nokungabikho bias iza kubonelela ngendlela efunekayo. Xa utshintsho elubengezelo kunye nokulungiswa kunzima, kufuneka uhlale ezimbini okanye multi-kwamaza radiometer.

isakhiwo

laser non-contact ubushushu isebenza kumgaqo lwamandla infrared ekungeneni kunye uphawu uphume. isixhobo yesekethe Basic iquka indlela yokuqokelela ngokukhanya, lenses, izihluzi ecacicleyo kunye kakutsha njengento interface lwangaphandle. processing Dynamic wenziwa ngokwahlukileyo, kodwa kungancitshiswa ukuba ukuphucula, thermal uphawu nokuzinziswa linearization kunye nenguqu. iglasi eqhelekileyo window isetyenziselwa radiation elifutshane yomtshangatshangiso, zwi ngenxa midrange kunye germanium okanye nezinki emanzini ukuze 8-14 micron uluhlu, ifayibha - xa kwamaza 0.5-5.0 microns.

emehlweni

Laser ubushushu ekude iphawulwa emasimini lwembono (FOV) - ulawulo lobushushu ubungakanani indawo kumgama elinikiweyo. Ukutshintsha ubukhulu yentsimi mbono umlinganiselo ngqo utshintsho umgama phakathi ithemometha kunye neSingqinisiso into. ukubaluleka kwayo kuxhomekeka umenzi kunye nefuthe ixabiso iyunithi le. Kukho iphethini PP kwe-1 mm imilinganiselo indawo, kunye ngokukhanya ixesha elide (7 cm kumgama 9 m). Ukusebenza umgama aluchaphazeli ukuchaneka ukufunda, ukuba into ezalise ndawo womlinganiselo. Ilahleko uphawu oluphezulu kufuneka ingadluli-1%.

ukuwina

kwiithemometha IR oluqhelekileyo ukuvelisa imilinganiselo ngaphandle izixhobo ezongezelelweyo. Oku ezamkelekileyo ukuba zisetyenziswe izinto ezinkulu, ezifana web yephepha, apho akuyomfuneko indawo nokuchaneka. Ngokuba izinto ezincinci okanye ezikude usebenzisa umqadi laser. Wadala ezahlukeneyo ezininzi laser abalibona.

1. Le umqadi offset ukusuka esqwini optical. Umfuziselo elula ukuba ezisetyenziswa izixhobo kunye unesisombululo esisezantsi ukuba izinto ezinkulu, okt. K. endhawini ecaleni inkulu kakhulu.
2. msebe yafakwa. Musa baphambuke esqwini optical. yokulinganisa iziko indawo ngqo ichazwe na mgama.
3. laser Dual. Spot ububanzi enombhalo amanqaku amabini, nto leyo ishenxisa imfuneko athelekelele okanye ukubala ubukhulu kwaye ingakhokeleli iimpazamo.
4. ISETYHULA isalathisi offset. Ibonisa entsimini Ngenxa yobukhulu balo kunye nomda lwangaphandle.
5. 3-point isalathisi yafakwa. Le umqadi wahlulwe amanqaku amathathu eliqaqambileyo kumgca enye. Phakathi Libonisa iziko ndawo, yaye ubudeki engaphandle uphawu wayo.

Uzimisele ukunika uncedo olusebenzayo phantsi kolwalathiso ithemometha ngqo kwi nomlinganiselo into.

izihluzi

Ithemomitha zisetyenziswa izihluzi wave amafutshane imilinganiselo lobushushu eliphezulu (> 500 ° C) kunye amacebo kwamaza elide ukuba amaqondo obushushu asezantsi (40 ° C). Silicon detectors, umz, ukumelana bubushushu, kunye kwamaza encinane kunciphisa impazamo womlinganiselo. Amanye amacebo uyakhetha zisetyenziselwa bhanyabhanya zeplastiki (3.43 microns kunye 7.9 microns), iglasi (5.1 microns) kunye nelangatye (3.8 microns).

abenzi boluvo

abenzi boluvo abaninzi okanye photoelectric ombane wokuvelisa xa phantsi IR radiation, okanye photoconductive, t. E. Utshintsha ukuxhathisa yayo phantsi yintshukumo umthombo wamandla. Ba fast, ethe kakhulu, ube begcina lobushushu elamkelekileyo, ezinokuthi boyise, umzekelo, thermistor lobushushu imbuyekezo zeesekethe, automatic kwisekethe zero, kunye namandla awo umda ukhuselo isothermal.

I sikali chain IR malunga 100-1000 uphawu MV kakutsha yemveliso siluphuculo oluphindwe-amawaka kulawulwa, na linearized, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, umele yomgama uphawu lwangoku okanye ombane. ixabiso layo ngokufanelekileyo 4-20 Ma, ukunciphisa uphazamiseko lwangaphandle. Le uphawu ibeluncedo le RS-232 izibuko okanye PID isilawuli, ukubonisa ekude okanye isixhobo lokurekhoda. Ezinye embodiments sebenzisa uphawu:

• on / off umqondiso;
• ixabiso abambelele eliyincopho;
• ixesha lokuphendula adjustable;
• isampuli nokubambelela wesekethe.

speed

Infrared laser ubushushu sine-avareji ixesha lokuphendula of ms 300, nangona ukusetyenziswa lesilicon detectors linokufikelela ixabiso le-10 ms. Kwizixhobo ezininzi aphendula utshintsho ixesha ukumanzisa ingxolo engenayo kwaye ulungise uvakalelo. Njalo badinga ixesha lokuphendula ubuncinane. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha ukufudumeza yoqheliso kufuneka sibe uluhlu 10-50 ms.

Iimpawu laser kwiithemometha

Etekcity Lasergrip 630 - infrared 2 laser ubushushu ixabiso $ 35,99. iimpawu:

• lobushushu uluhlu -50 ... +580 ° C;
• accuracy +/- 2%;
• umgama kwindawo ubungakanani ratio ye-16: 1;
• emissivity ka 0.1 - 1.0;
• ixesha Impendulo <500 ms;
• ukusonjululwa 1 ° C.

Laser ubushushu (umfanekiso) Kwakhona yazisa ubushushu inkulu, incinane kunye avareji. Le ndawo yokulinganisa ishenxiselwe yi-2 cm ezantsi ngongoma ukuwina. Laser kujoliswe kakhulu ngqo kwi ekudibaneni semitha (36 cm).

Amprobe IR-710 - infrared laser ubushushu, intengo $ 49,95. iimpawu:

• lobushushu uluhlu -50 ... +538 ° C;
• Ubuncinane ubungakanani indawo ka-20 mm;
• accuracy +/- 2%;
• umgama kwindawo ubungakanani ratio ye-12: 1;
• emissivity we 0.95;
• ixesha lokuphendula of ms 500;
• ukusonjululwa 1 ° C.

Esi sikali laser (ifoto emileyo) ngaphandle ubushushu ngoku, oko kubonisa asezantsi kunye bexabiso.