La manyathelo kunye nenqanaba yoyilo. Eyona Isigaba loyilo

Xa iimeko mihla yaphawula uphuhliso olusebenzayo lweenkqubo zolwazi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Bonke bephela baziswa ebomini ubugcisa computer yakutshanje. Namhlanje, lweenkcukacha lisebenza njenge self-ulwalathiso zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. Kulo mba, zigaba ukungxamiseka olukhethekeliyo uyilo lweenkqubo zolwazi. Qwalasela le ndawo zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Design: Ubume

Xa ulwazi hlabathi igqalwa kwezibonelelo ibalulekileyo. Iinkqubo zolwazi, yena, baba yinto isixhobo kubalulekile ukuba isetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. Iintlobo ngeentlobo ingxaki ekufuneka isonjululwe IP, ebangela imbonakalo kwezikim ezahlukeneyo. Bona luphawulwa yimigaqo nokusekwa nokusebenza imithetho. Amanqanaba ukuyila iinkqubo zolwazi kusenza sikwazi ukubona indlela yokusombulula iingxaki, ekwaneliseni iimfuno ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe ezikhoyo.

The main ndlela

Design usoloko iqala kunye nokusekwa iinjongo zale nkqubo elizayo. Eyona njongo iphambili yalo naluphi na ulungiselelo kukuqinisekisa ukuba:

1. Kufuneka ukusebenza kunye inqanaba lohlengahlengiso kwiimeko ezihlala ziguquka.
2. Bandwidth.
3. ixesha Reaction kwi sicelo.
4. operation Trouble-free kwisikolo sikarhulumente ngokuthe ngcembe.
5. Lula ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza nokulungisa.
6. Ukhuseleko oluyimfuneko.

zigaba Uyilo leprojekthi le ziquka:

1. izinto data eziya kusetyenziswa kwiziko ledatha.
2. Iinkqubo, iingxelo, iintlobo screen ezibonelela umbuzo abulawe.
3. Accounting ukuba iteknoloji ethile okanye eliphakathi (uthungelwano yethopholoji efanayo, processing enxuseneyo okanye ukuhanjiswa, izakhiwo, hardware kunye njalo njalo).

La manyathelo kunye nenqanaba yoyilo

Eyona njongo iphambili iingcali ezisebenza yokulinganisa imisebenzi, nto leyo iya kuphunyezwa ziinjongo yombutho. Le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba ukuchaza zize ziqulunqe neemfuno eziphambili ze IP. Le meko ithathwa ngokuba ngundoqo yaye iqinisekisa esemagqabini. Izigaba inkcazelo yoyilo inkqubo ukucebisa iimfuno IP, kulandele ngokuguqula kubo into ekumila kuthile. Okokuqala, yenza schema IS bokwakha. Emva koku, iimfuno ukuya software kunye nolwazi nenkxaso.

definition iimfuno

Amanyathelo kwinkqubo yoyilo enxulumene nale nto kuthathwa kakhulu uxanduva. Le iimpazamo ekumisweni iimfuno zicwadi kunzima kakhulu ukulungisa. Ukongeza, ulungiso olulandelayo imali eninzi. izixhobo ezikhoyo namhlanje kwenza kube lula ukwakha ngokukhawuleza systems ukulungiselela iimfuno esele zenziwe. Noko ke, ezi ICS musa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno abathengi yokugqiba ezininzi. Oku kukhokelela ekwandeni elibukhali imifanekiso ndleko sezibhaliwe. Kulo mba, kwisigaba ngasinye kwinkqubo yoyilo kufuneka ikhatshwe ucazululo ngononophelo.

lwavuka

Eyona engundoqo izigaba uyilo kunye olunzulu ukufunda ulwazi, iinjongo kunye nemisebenzi ye-IP. Kuba ukuyilwa kwezi modeli iingcaphephe basebenzise iziphumo zohlalutyo. Eli nyathelo iquka uyile isakhiwo logic, kwaye ke le sekethe emzimbeni. Okuhamba, ukuyilwa lweepateni nto nemisebenzi eyenziwe. Iyimfuneko ukuze inkcazo (specification) lineemodyuli IP. Izigaba ezingundoqo uyilo - kwenkcazelo iimfuno, ucikizeko, imisebenzi kunye data - zihlobene. Inxalenye ye-logic ishishini idla yaphunyezwa iinkcukacha weenkcukacha (iinkqubo igcinwe, ikhuthaza, izithintelo). Lo msebenzi eziphambili ekufuneka isonjululwe liSebe lesigaba sokuyila yokusebenza - imisebenzi mapping, ezo zifunyenwe ekuhlalutyeni iimodyuli IP. Xa ekubunjweni bamva zigqitywa lwenjongano software ye window, iimenyu, imiqondiso, ezimfutshane keyboard, kunye nemingeni enxulumene nazo.

bokwakha

Esi sigaba kuyilo ibandakanya ukhetho kumaqonga enye okanye ngaphezulu kunye neendlela zokusebenza. Kukho pha owahlukeneyo. Kwezi iikhompyutha ezininzi ebaleka kumaqonga ahlukeneyo, yaye zilawulwa ziinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. uyilo Inyathelo kubandakanya kujongwa inani iimpawu izakhiwo. Kungaba:

1. Uhanjiselo-server okanye iseva fayile.
2. level-Ezintathu eziquka kwiiseli ezininzi.
3. Isasazwe okanye kwindawo enye. Kwimeko yokuqala lichaza ezinye iindlela zokuxhasa ukufaneleka kunye guquki.

Kwakhona kuqiniseka ukuba abancedisi parallel zisetyenziswa.

cima ikhompyutha

isigaba Uyilo yophuhliso lobugcisa yesicwangciso IP iphela. Xa inkqubo ukuphunyezwa kudala amaxwebhu yesondlo software. Xa uphuhliso ngokupheleleyo imodyuli eyahlukileyo, oko test ezimeleyo. kubhaliwe ezifunekayo:

1. Ubhaqo lokungaphumeleli (yokukhubazeka nzima).
2. uzimisele ukuthobela elidityanisiweyo (extra kunye nokufumaneka imisebenzi kuyimfuneko).

Emva kokuphumelela lo mnqongo uvavanyo uquka inxalenye yenkqubo kuphuhliswa. Emva koko aqhube gciwane uvavanyo. na Kwakufuneka ukuba iliso impembelelo sobabini izinto.

zokulawula

Group of iimodeli bafumanisa ukuba ukuthembeka. Ukwehluleka Inkqubo yokuqala eyenziwe. Ukongeza, wamvavanya MTBF. Kwimeko yokuqala, amanyathelo olawulo ukuvumela ukuba ukutyhila indlela kakuhle kwenzeka recovery inkqubo kwimeko-software okanye ukungasebenzi kwesixhobo. Iqela lesibini zovavanyo ukuqinisekisa inqanaba uzinzo IC ngexesha lomsebenzi eliqhelekileyo. La manyathelo olawulo ukuvumela ukuba ukuqikelela ixesha yokusebenza lembandezelo-free. Isethi yeemvavanyo kufuneka abe khona kwaye akwazi bomthwalo. Emva koko, yonke entsokothileyo iimodyuli luxhomekeke kwindlela ngokusesikweni. Xa uvunyiwe kwenziwa nolawulo lwangaphakathi yokuhlola ubulunga bayo. Esikalini iimvavanyo kukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza le nkqubo yenziwe. Le misebenzi yolawulo lokugqibela uthathwa uvavanyo ukwamkeleka. Kulo mzekelo, libonisa iimpawu lesigaba sokuyila, nanto leyo icacisa iimfuno. Ekuhambeni IC test ubonisa umthengi. Xa inkqubo ukubonisa nokusebenza eyenziwe wokwenene, nto leyo eboniswa projekthi uyangqinelana neemfuno zabaxumi.

ukuphepha

Nganye IC iimfuno ezithile ukunika kufuneka banikwe:

1. Ukhuseleko ngokuchasene olungavumelekanga.
2. Audit.
3. Umcimbi logging.
4. System Buyisela.
5. Backup.

Zonke ezi mfuno ngokusesikweni umhlaziyi ekuqaleni loyilo. Iingcali ukudala IP nokuvikeleka. Ngokucacisa ukuba udidi lwabasebenzisi abakwaziyo ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha ezithile ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Ngelo xesha ifanayo izifundo kunye neenjongo zokukhusela. Kufuneka ke ukuba isicwangciso yokhuseleko kufuneka ibe lelona software. Kufuneka ibandakanya isethi imithetho yokusebenza. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kusekwe ngokucacileyo kwinqanaba elilelona wokhuseleko yomba ngamnye, kandziyisa iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo apho ukufikelela esokuba kangako. Abasebenzisi kwenkqubo zibhalisiwe. Kule meko, iingcali ekuyileni neemodyuli eziya kuba noxanduva ukuchongwa ububhali izifundo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, yaphunyezwa ukhuselo efihlakeleyo. Oku kubandakanya ukufikelela imigaqo neenjongo data ezahlukeneyo. Kusenokuba, umzekelo, izimvo, neetafile. Ukuba ufuna ukungena ngqo idata ngokwayo, kufuneka wenze ukhuseleko mandatory. Kule meko yababiniayizukuvalwa amangeniso ezahlukeneyo kwiitheyibhile, amasimi ngqo njalo njalo. Iingcali lokuyila le nkqubo, kufuneka ukuba kucace gca umgangatho wokhuseleko ukuba iyunithi ethile lwedatha kanye into eyaneleyo, kodwa amanye - kuyimfuneko.

isiphelo

lesigaba sokuyila kwinkqubo njengenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo kumsebenzi kwi indalo yayo. Naye, enyanisweni, IS ubomi kuqala. Phambi ukuyila iingcali kufuneka zibonakalise ngokucacileyo ze baqonde iingxaki eziya kuqwalaselwa ngenkqubo ukufaka kubungakanani bezithuthi, indawo emzimbeni kwezibonelelo kunye nabasebenzisi indlela ukudibanisa kwi Internet njalo njalo. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo isifundo kwezakhiwo kunye izakhiwo, nto leyo eya kwenzeka uthungelwano, kwakunye ucalulo kwezibonelelo ezikhoyo.