Kummandla Station Museum "Kozlov Zaseka" Tula: inkcazelo, imbali kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Kukho imyuziyam encinane kunye nesikhululo enzima "Kozlov Zaseka" phakathi amaziko enkcubeko Russian, ukugcina kunye babonise ukubonisa izinto kunye namaxwebhu ezixabisekileyo. Idilesi sikhululo ilula: umzi ka-Tula, isitalato Lva Tolstogo. Olusondele kwi umendo ilifa Yasnaya Polyana Musa kuvulwa ngo-1868. ukwakhiwa kwayo edibene ithwele Moskovsko-Kurskoy kaloliwe umkhondo (okwangoku isebe Tula eMoscow w / d). Isikhululo fanele ezifanele olo didi ukusebenza.

abanekratshi Chugunkov

Kwenzeka ukuba isiphelo zokuqhubela isikhululo encinane kakhulu enxibelelene ne igama umbhali enkulu Russian, umbhali kweenoveli "War Noxolo", "Anna Karenina," "Uvuko" kunye nabanye, ngenxa yokuba wazalwa, wahlala kwaye wasebenza Yasnaya Polyana. impucuko impumelelo kanye wenze uhlengahlengiso olukhulu ukuze lokudla eqhelekileyo indlwane generic (uwabize, ekuqaleni ilifa behlelo sodidi Kartsev, ngoko Volkonsky kunye Tolstoy).

ULeo nendlu yakhe zazisoloko nezirhwexukazi kwi Gantry: ukufumana apho-imeyile, sebenzisa iinkonzo yomnxeba. NgoNovemba 1910 ashen evela imvula yasekwindla, ngokungathi kwisikhululo intlungu kubulisa lomngcwabo frequenter yakhe edumileyo. impahla Okubuhlungu evela Astapovo apho uTolstoy wabamba ilixa lakhe lokugqibela.

Kukho ubungqina bokuba xa umbhali "nekratshi Chugunkov" kuqala wabona ukudideka onamava. ukothuka Light kuhlobo swinger lifutha kaloliwe bhazalala: "Mirror of the Russian Revolution," njengoko yaziwa, kwakhona kubonisa zonke inkqubela, kuquka kweli candelo lezobuchwepheshe. Route Yasnaya Polyana - Kozlov Zaseka waba aqhele kuyo. Amateur uhamba ngendlela lula kakuhle kaloliwe kwaye zisetyenziswe ngenkuthalo kuyo.

Kwaphuma igama

Uhambo lokugqibela intombi yakhe Tatiana e Kochety Tolstoy kunyaka-82 ubudala, naye, waya uloliwe. Yaba Agasti. Ngaphandle window ekuqaleni kancinci, ngoko ngokukhawuleza uqubha imithi eziqhelekileyo kunye ryzhinkami yokuqala kwamahlamvu uhlaza, eya kuwa khawulela, "basaba" enye: Akekho Leo Ndandicinga ukuba ntle ngonaphakade "Ndlelantle, Kozlov Zaseka!". Ngexesha nohambo, uze umxelele ngalo ndlela-ntle "umhla" kunye kwisikhululo.

Abakhenkethi ezinomdla izikhokhelo: kutheni yokumisa omdala kuthiwa ngoko, hayi ngenye indlela? gama iingcambu kwinkulungwane elinesihlanu. Ezi ndawo ke emaphethelweni eMoscow ubulawuli, leyo kwafuneka lokukhuselwa ukuhlaselwa lutshaba. Ukuze wenze oku, wamisa abatis.

Ukwakhiwa indima ebalulekileyo iinqaba ofana oku: ekubhukuqweni imithi ezinkulu, amasebe awo iphelelwe ukuze ukuba bristling ne cola. Ngoko nangoko ukoyisa le vorog isithintelo ayaba nako, ukunika abavikeli ithuba ukuqokelela amandla. Gantry imiqobo lendawo ogama lakhe behlonipha oomantyi Danila Kozlov. Kuyabonakala ukuba, umntu omkhulu inkalipho kwakhona wawongwa kubantu.

Reconstruction isihlwele enengxolo

Ukususela 1928 ukusa kowama-2001, isikhululo Kozlov Zaseka ekuthiwa Yasnaya Polyana, waza wabuyela igama lakhe lokuqala. Tolstoy kunye abaninzi belizwe lakhe kuthiwa stop ngokufutshane nangokweemvakalelo: Kozlovka. Namhlanje ukuba enomsindo "enzonzobileni zabantu", ayibhala kanye Tolstoy, okanye kwigumbi lokulinda okanye eqongeni, njengokuba umthetho, akukho waphawula.

Kwaye nje kokuba yena nentsapho yakhe enkulu, uniko manani, imiphefumlo ezilishumi abantwana, uyakwazi babhukishe imoto. Unokuyicingela indlela ubukhulu whiled kude ixesha de ukufika uloliwe, ehleli phezu izitulo ngomthi kwigumbi lokulinda. Abancinci ngokuqinisekileyo Iyakwazi indawo encinane ukuya eliphezulu: okubona kuzo zonke iikona, liphuma ngeenzwane ukubona osethilini ngefestile.

Emva ngokutsha ngo-2001, ngomhla we-liphulo Moscow kaloliwe, isihlalo, ngaphambi nje kokuba, abakhweli bayamenywa ukuba ukuhlala phantsi umzuzu okanye iiyure ezimbalwa. Khangela kwi-ofisi kwibhokisi ezikhanyayo engaqhelekanga eyonwabisayo kakhulu nkqu omdala mihla. Phakathi uhambo cognitive umdla ukundwendwela ofisi isikhululo Kozlov abatis.

Old kunye ezintsha

Kwi inkokeli itafile baize eluhlaza flaunts endala yocingo. Indlela imiyalezo abaninzi ungayithandi nguwo? Ejongene nezokuxhumana, ofisi yomnxeba - zonke ngexesha Tolstoy: ukulibala malunga cell phone yakho, yiya kwi umnquba uze ubize nezalamane okanye abahlobo. iindwendwe ezininzi ziziwe: i uhambo interactive emva kwexesha abayithandayo. Kozlov Zaseka - imyuziyam, nalapho yonke iminyaka yobudala.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, oko kukuthi ngowe-1902, isikhululo complex wongezelela isithuba imithwalo, iqonga lwakhiwe ngomthi, esiphakathi (siqithi) eqongeni. Ngelo xesha nye wazakhela indlu yangasese, efihlakeleyo, ndlu Puteyskaya. Konke oku eziqulathwe namhlanje zikwimeko ecocekileyo icocekile, ukuze loo nto angenazintloni ukubonisa iindwendwe zazo kwamanye amazwe beze.

Ukudluliselwa: 2001 Kozlov Zaseka na isebe le Museum-Estate Tolstoy "Yasnaya Polyana" (kwisithili Shchekinsky, kummandla Tula).

Ngexesha kuvuselelwa yesithathu yeminyaka njengesiseko ethathwe ngo-1910: basebenzisa ulwazi ugcinwe malunga imbonakalo yesakhiwo, uhombiso zayo, imbonakalo kwindawo ezingqongileyo. Ngokusekelwe inyaniso yokuba isikhululo ukukhonza ukuphepha "inclusions 'owayephila (antenna, intambo, njalo njalo. D.) Ayiphumelelanga. Kodwa iindwendwe baphazanyiswa izinto ezincinane, ugxininise ezibalulekile.

kubuyelwe indlela?

Station waphila kudala ubomi esebenzayo: abadlula koololiwe-elide umgama ehlotyeni lwabasebenzisi akhutheleyo umzila kaloliwe baba abakhenkethi ezininzi. Kodwa amaxesha atshintshile. Abo batyelela Gantry edyojiweyo ngo-2016, weva kula maxwebhu azizikhokelo abakhenkethi, uloliwe eMoscow - Yasnaya Polyana irhoxisiwe, nangona oko kuye olufuna abakhweli. abasebenzi Museum Ndiyathemba ukuba le ndlela iza kubuyiselwa. Ngapha koko, yena indawo imbali emangalisayo.

Ewe ... kanye ukusuka eMoscow ukuya Yasnaya Polyana Abantu abaninzi abadumileyo beza Lvu Tolstomu. Umzekelo, igcisa ilya Repin. Wenza abahlobo kunye umbhali kwangethuba-1880, xa ngequbuliso wehla waya yakhe yokufota. Ukususela ngoko, umbhali womfanekiso "Barge Haulers kwi iVolga", "Ivan abangcangcazelisi noNyana wakhe", kunye nabanye. Phantse unyaka wonke batyelela umbhali enkulu kwilifa intsapho yakhe, wadala igalari ye eni nganye enye.

Sahambela estate kunye akukho ngaphantsi iziqu yi iingcali zobugcisa Vladimir Korolenko, Ivan Shishkin, kunye nezinye iindwendwe ezibekekileyo. Bonke abantu baya kwisikhululo Kozlov Zaseka (Tula). Tolstoy sibini Ngovuyo akufika kuwo, akhatshwa ukuya Yasnaya Polyana, iikhilomitha apho kuphela nje ezimbalwa. Kwaye oku yinxalenye encinane kuphela ye data zembali.

A omncane kodwa umdla

abatyeleli abaninzi baqonde ukuba iingenelo myuziyam kunye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe, qaphela wokudibaneseka evumelanayo imbali kunye modernity. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku i-museum - kwigumbi elincinane KUNYEnokutyhilwa umdla. Lo mboniso ubizwa ngokuba "Lva Tolstogo Railway". Kwakubonakala ngathi embizeni? Indlela ukunxiba zabahambi? Yintoni nokugqithisela-on iimpahla?

oku kwaye kakhulu ngakumbi Bonke ingafunyanwa kwi beze kwisikhululo kunye umbhalo e Old Slavonic: "Kozlov Zaseka". Kwedesika, emva nenokuthi kugxininisa usiba imigca embalwa, ekuvunweni, manene ezimfakamfele 'kunye njengeebhatyi abantu engqongqo indlela, iiglavu, ibhokisi enkulu, ifoto isincoko umdla - konke oku kuvumela ukuba babone umoya eminyaka adlulileyo.

Kukho inkonzo efana ifoto kwi engutyeni endala. Ngoko xa wemka, ngovuyo abantu kuthatha ekhaya iqhekeza kundikhumbuza Kozlovka. Uyakwazi ahlale khona, omabonakude of L. N. Tolstogo, kwiveranda, xa flowerbeds, phezu kwesitulo imilenze tracery wenza - lokukhetha kubakhenkethi Bakhoba ezibonakala zilula stop Kozlov abatis. "Njani kuye?" - umhla lemibuzo namhlanje. Kodwa kule ngezantsi.

Zonke njengo ku Tolstoy

Kukholelwa ukuba ugcine wangaphambili unfashionable namhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, lo imyuziyam inkoliso batyelela linqwenela ukubulela bonke abo kumaxesha anzima wethu wakwazi ukudibanisa kakuhle modernity kunye nembali. Station Museum "Kozlov Zaseka" - umzekelo ezo zakhiwo, imitha ngamnye osebenza kwi umfanekiso elungileyo.

Bacinge ndamlinganisela zonke iinkcukacha. Ngokuqinisekileyo lula ukwakha oseqongeni kukhona okanye iplastiki emilukweni yegolide. Kodwa ke abadani Tolstoy. Ngoko ke iingcingo ezixabisa ezintle, somthi, esiluqilima ngembonakalo yaye enyanisweni. Phakathi kwezi, oko kunokwenzeka, wambhinqisa ihashe lakhe Tolstoy.

Ipowusta isilumkiso imfuneko ingqondo ngelixa eqongeni Retro kakhulu: elisele lelishwa umnqwazi phezulu, ukuba uze ukhangele, bangene kwimeko yingozi. Kwaye yintoni ke isibheno: "Nkosi, ukuthatha unonophelo ebomini!" Abaninzi ziziwe: nje ufuna ukuba enocwangco ingqalelo.

Ehlotyeni ngaphezu ubusika

Zaseka Kozlov - indawo leyo ixabisa utyelelo kuye nabani na udiniwe amaqela yehlabathi yasemzini. Bayathanda isithombe sizoku lwisana myuziyam kunye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe esi sibini. abafoti Wedding badla khetha 'ukuba umbala "kakuhle yamandulo, isakhiwo isikhululo ngokwayo, ilitye kuyo umbhali. Ngokubanzi, Kozlov Zaseka eyaziwa kwaye enomtsalane (nangona oku kuthe kwenzeka: i uqweqwe, ngoko engenanto).

Phantse zonke iindwendwe ngokuzithandela uya evenkileni kundikhumbuza, ibha yokudla, Ubuko le ndawo. Ehlotyeni ngayo abaninzi ngakumbi. Ebusika, njengoko kuboniswa abathile, "Beauty akwanelanga." Ke pores kweentyatyambo kunye fruiting, bonke bayavuma ukuba umoya omangalisayo, nevumba elimnandi-apile, kunye yonke ivumba petunias. Abemi ingakumbi siqonde akanaso.

Ukuba Kozlovka!

Ukuba oololiwe Gantry nezirhwexu - yinto elidlulileyo. Khumbula kudala kangakanani ecaleni Tula route - abantu Kozlov Zaseka ababehamba ingamampunge zombane Superior. Wasuka ukusuka kwisikhululo Kursk e Moscow, kodwa irhoxisiwe, ekukholelwa ukuba ngenxa yokunqongophala abakhweli.

Ngoku, iingcali ukucebisa ukusebenzisa inani isiphekepheke ibhasi 218, nto leyo uthunyelwa evela eMoscow w / isikhululo. Nje musa ukulibala ukuba alumkise umqhubi wena ukuba Kozlovka, ngenxa yokuba kaninzi abaqhubi licace nobani nezirhwexu, yaye indiva usukelo, kuya kuba phezu indawo yokugcina ezilalini Skuratovo (West). Ukusuka apho, uye kwisikhululo kude kude kwaye udidekile yaseZimbabwe-umkhondo. Yiba uhambo elungileyo!