Kumangcwaba Muslim eMoscow

Emangcwabeni lokuqala yamaMuslim eMoscow wabonakala ngenkulungwane ye-18. Ukuvela kwiindawo zokungcwaba ezinjalo ezinxulumene inani elikhulu esithembekileyo abahlala kuloo mzi. Ngcembe landa inani lwamangcwaba, ukuba wabaphakamisa, baba ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ezinye zazo zisebenze unanamhla.

Umahluko phakathi mangcwaba Muslim kuyo nayiphi na enye ezincinane, bonke bephela yenzelwe ukuze ube yindawo yokungcwabela abafileyo kwindawo ngokukodwa enqatyisiweyo ukulungiselela le njongo. Akukhathaliseki, kamfi wayekwiqela uhlanga okanye uhlanga, lo gama nje abathi Islam. mangcwaba Muslim lisoloko ibekwe ngaphandle kwesixeko kunye ummandla enqatyisiweyo, ukuba yezilwanyana awukwazi ukufumana kuyo.

iimpawu

Kuba baninzi abokuqala weza kwindawo yokungcwaba enjalo, kubonakala engaqhelekanga ukuba zonke amangcwaba zijonge kwicala elinye. Enyanisweni, lo ingcaciso le ilula. Ngaloo ndlela bungcwele kwisixeko zonke abathembekileyo eMecca.

Islam uyakwalela isicelo kumfanekiso sites. Le mfunelo isebenza kwi nayiphi na amangcwaba Muslim. Photo phezu amangcwaba zilahlekile. Kodwa ungabona nabo epitaphs ezininzi, ezo iingxelo kususwa yeKoran. Ngomhla ilitye livumelekile ukuba asebenzise ulwazi jikelele malunga umntu kunye nomhla xa efile.

Muslim emangcwabeni eMoscow okanye nasiphi na esinye isixeko, akukho crypts, amangcwaba kunye mausoleums. Amangcwaba abathembekileyo zenziwa kanye njengoko lilawulwe Islam. Akukho ezinxaxhileyo izithethe ezisekiweyo akuvumelekanga. Xa umngcwabo bamaSilamsi ngokungqongqo waphawula onke amasiko.

Isiko womfi

Emva kokufa elithembekileyo phezu komzimba wakhe wayenza okuhlambela ablution isiko. Ukuzisa umzimba njengemosque okanye emangcwabeni Muslim, apho kukho ibhokisi okhethekileyo, kufuneka sibekwe phezu kobuso bakhe Kyble. Igumbi apho abafileyo, imimoya emibi nobulawu.

Ngokwenza oku, yiya yokuhlamba. It yenziwa ngokuhambelana ngqongqo imithetho elifuna, kunye nabantu ubuncinane abane inxaxheba kulo. Xa lo mfazi abafileyo abayi kuvunyelwa ukuba ahlambe amadoda, kwaye vice versa. An ngaphandle senziwa kuphela umfazi womfi.

afihle

Ngokutsho komthetho elifuna, Orthodox ayikwazi angangcwatywa iimpahla. Kufuneka wawusongela kwilinen, nto leyo idla avelisa usapho womfi. Ukuba ke abenzi njalo, wenza abamelwane.

Apha kwakhona, iye awohluke alo. Ukuba umfi wayesisityebi, ukuba umzimba wakhe ligutyungelwe ngeenyama ezintathu izinto ilaphu kufanekisela impumelelo yabantu. It is a uhlobo uphawu ingqalelo kunye nentlonipho.

Kunqweneleka ukuba ilaphu yayingaqhelekanga. Nangona kungalindelekanga Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa kusetyenziswa. Kodwa ke ukuba umntu wafa, umzimba wakhe ayikwazi wambu ngesilika.

umngcwabo

kumangcwaba Muslim apho kungcwaba uswelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo akhiwe kufutshane. Kulibaziseka kube yokungcwaba. AmaSilamsi alwenziwa bangcwabele ebhokisini. Ukubeka umzimba kweli lizwe kufuneka ukuba intloko wajika waya Kybly. Le mfuneko kufuneka ngenyameko onke amakholwa.

Emva abafileyo wangcwatywa, ingcwaba wankcenkcesha, emnika esutywe ezisixhenxe zehlabathi, zithi ilungelo kulo mthandazo meko.

izidingo

Islam, njengayo nayiphi na inkolo, uneempawu zawo nezithethe. Oku kukwasebenza emangcwabeni. Balubona ngokungqongqo. Ngapha koko, amaSilamsi bakholelwa ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu kokufa akumfumana naye eParadesi.

okuya kumangcwaba mfuno zilandelayo:

• ukuze ube yindawo yokungcwabela amalungu entsapho wavumela ukhetho kwindawo ethile, ukuba akuyi uphazamise abanye;
• emangcwabeni aluvumelekanga kungcwaba abantu, abalandela inkolo ezahlukeneyo;
• kufuneka ibe phakathi zicatshulwa amangcwaba, njengoko ukuwela okanye nangakumbi, ukuqhubela phambili kwi kwindawo yokungcwaba esalelweyo ngokungqongqo;
• ilitye kufuneka sithobeke.

Uninzi abathembekileyo ngokucophelela kuphela ukuthatha unonophelo kwamangcwaba abo zibathandayo, kodwa acoca indawo yokungcwaba kwabafileyo, abasemzini, izalamane, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, akanako ukunika kwabo ukuhlolwa efanelekileyo.

Emngcwabeni kufuneka athathe ingqalelo into yokuba, ngokutsho imithetho Islam, umzimba kamfi akufuneki sebefile. Ngapha koko, amaSilamsi bakholelwa ukuba xa umntu aye esihogweni kwaye uya kusoloko ekho ukuze ayitshise ngomlilo.

Ngemvume kuso nasiphi na amangcwaba Muslim ukuvumela abantu naluphi na ukholo. Ngapha koko, wonke umntu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unqulo lwakhe, unelungelo lokuba uhlawule ityala intlonelo ukuba umhlobo oswelekileyo okanye isalamane.

ukusebenza amangcwaba eziliqela Muslim ibekwe ekupheleni eMoscow. Ngamnye kubo imbali yayo bamngcwabela ezininzi abathembekileyo.

Kuzminskoe emangcwabeni

Kwisithili soMzantsi-mpuma isixeko ibekwe Kuzminskoe emangcwabeni, neyasekwa ngowe-1959. Iquka hectares-60 kwaye yahlulwe bamaSilamsi kwisabelo esisezantsi.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba amangcwaba iye yavela ngokwentelekiso kutshanje, indawo apho ekhankanywe amaxwebhu zembali ngenkulungwane ye-18. igama lakhe unyanzelekile ilali Kuzminki, apho thaca uPetros Omkhulu, umhlobo wakhe nogxa Gregory Stroganov.

Emva kokufa kumnikazi omtsha, umhlolokazi bayalela ukuba babeke icawa ngomthi kuloo ndawo apho kukho icawa ilitye elakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-18 emva kwexesha. Isebenza Ngoku, bemi ngaphandle ngenxa imihombiso zayo - porticos Tuscan kwaye ngeenxa zonke igubu ukukhanya.

kumangcwaba Muslim Kuzminki elise esitratweni Academician Skryabin. Unako fika kwindawo oya kuyo ibhasi okanye metro.

Danilovskoe emangcwabeni

Enye endala eMoscow na emangcwabeni Danilovskoe Muslim. Yasungulwa ngenkulungwane ye-18 emva kwexesha ngenxa isibetho zahlasela esixekweni, ahlala kwindawo 6.8 hectares. Ngexesha khona kwalo kuye wangcwatyelwa abaninzi abathembekileyo. Ndikubhadulise nanamhla, abazula emangcwabeni, unako ukufumana amangcwaba lilungu le-19 - kwenkulungwane yama-20, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwinkulungwane ye-18.

Isebenza ngoku, nangona ixesha ngolwandle, kodwa emva kokufumana intsimi entsha, kwagqitywa ekubeni avuselele yokungcwaba. Umngcwabo emangcwabeni ziqhutywa ngokungqinelana onke amasiko Muslim.

It uwugcinayo ntlobo zilandelayo isitsha yokungcwaba:

• emhlabeni;
• columbarium ngaphandle;
• naye engcwabeni;
• sarcophagus.

Ngaphandle kokuba Moscow, nezinye amadlaka Muslim, Danilovskoe na kusengundoqo. Ngokusisiseko, wagqumelela abamele abantu abahlala USSR nowenza Islam. Ngokukodwa, i AmaTatar, i Vainakh, Azerbaijani, Kazakhs, Uzbeks, kunye nabanye abaninzi.

E Moscow, omninzi lwamangcwaba ekhoyo amaSilamsi, kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuba wangcwatyelwa komnye wabo elimhlonelayo - akukho nzima kakhulu. Eyona nto zonke izithethe eziyimfuneko kunye nezithethe ayehlonitshwa. Eneneni, njengoko amaSilamsi ukukholwa, kuquka oko kuxhomekeke iza kuba yintoni kokufa womfi.