Izixhobo zezihlokomiso: amagama kunye neentlobo

izixhobo zezihlokomiso, abamagama kunye achazelwa kweli nqaku, phambi kokuba nayiphi na ezinye izixhobo zomculo. Zazisetyenziswa kumaxesha amandulo izizwana yakuMbindi Mpuma kunye Afrika ukuba ahambe bengqungqa impi zonqulo nemidaniso. izixhobo zezihlokomiso, abamagama baninzi, kunye neentlobo zazo, ezi ntsuku eziqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kwabo ayenzi na lomculo. Phakathi kwabo abo isandi yenziweyo ngesibetho.

ngezigaba

Ngokutsho umgangatho wayo zomculo, oko kukuthi, kungenzeka utsala izandi eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela-2 kuzo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo zomculo zezihlokomiso, amagama ezo thaca kweli nqaku: babengabafo abaqiniseki isandi (amacangci, amagubu, njalo-njalo), Yaye iyimitha ethile ( Xylophone, timpani). Kananjalo zahlulwe ngokohlobo vibrator (umzimba yixina) kwi-self-yixina (nobuxhaka, oonxantathu, iipleyiti, njalo-njalo), Le ipleyiti (iintsimbi, vibes, Xylophone et al.) Yaye membranous (ingqongqo, amagubu, igubu kunye nabanye.).

Ke kaloku, ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo yesandi. Masithi amagama ambalwa malunga imisela ithoni kunye nomthamo isandi sawo.

Yintoni egqibayo ukuba umthamo besandi

umqulu isandi umzimba yixina umiselwa awo le oscillation, ngamanye kokubetha amandla, kwakunye imilinganiselo yomzimba egudileyo. Yokukhulisa kwezinye izixhobo ifunyanwa ngokuthi kongezwe resonators. Ubume, okuye iintlobo ezithile izixhobo zezihlokomiso, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Eyona kubo - indlela eya nempembelelo, izinto apho wenza isixhobo kunye nokumila komzimba egudileyo.

izixhobo zezihlokomiso Membranous

umzimba savakala khona apho inwebu okanye inwebu usasolulile. Ezi zibandakanya izixhobo zezihlokomiso, abamagama: ingqongqo, amagubu, amacangci, njl ..

Timpani

Timpani - isixhobo kokuba pitch ethile, leyo unomzimba metal ngokohlobo kwibhoyila. Le inwebu elenziwe ngofele obukeka ndisolulele kuzo kwinxalenye engentla kwibhoyila. Njengoko imifinya ngoku sebenzisa ezenziwe ngezinto polymeric ndizayo okhethekileyo. It encamathele emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa ngezikhonkwane kunye nengxabano iringi yokudlala. Circumferentially bebekwe ngezikhonkwane ekhululwe okanye tensioned. Timpani uyidla- ihleliwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: xa ukutsala inkqubo inwebu iba ephezulu, kwaye ukuba zinokuwehlisa, oko kuya kuba ngaphantsi. Ukuze ukuba ukuphazamisa inwebu nendlebe ngokukhululekileyo, ezantsi inomngxuma intshukumo umoya. Iqumrhu isixhobo esenziwe ngobhedu, ubhedu okanye aluminium. Timpani ekhwele phezu kwento - othini lwaso.

Esi sixhobo isetyenziswa an Orchestra iseti boilers-2, 3, 4 okanye ngaphezulu ezohlukeneyo ngobukhulu. Ukususela mm-550 ukuya kuma-700 ka ubudeki timpani mihla. Kukho ezi ndidi zilandelayo kuwo: enyovwayo, mechanical kunye iqhosha lemenyu. Unyawo lo eqhelekileyo kakhulu, njengesixhobo kutsha ithoni oyifunayo kuba ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umdlalo ngokucinezela enyovwayo. E timpani yesandi volume fifths malunga ngokulinganayo. Ezantsi zonke ezinye kettledrum enkulu apha naphaya.

Tulumbas

Tulumbas - an zibuphekhashini, isixhobo yamandulo (wazalwa timpani). Wakhonza ngenkulungwane XVII-XVIII emkhosini, apho kusetyenziswa ukunika nokuhlaba umkhosi. Xa uhlobo oko resonator gorshokoobrazny. Esi sixhobo impembelelo wembali (timpani sodidi) kunokwenziwa ngenkcenkce, udongwe okanye umthi. Ngaphezu kokuba wambu weemfele. Ngokutsho kwesi sakhiwo, ndivela ilulwane somthi. Babesomba isandi umfutho efana shot into kunaso.

kwemigqomo

Uhlabela mgama ukuchaza izixhobo zezihlokomiso, abamagama zalathi belidweliswe kwi ekuqaleni kweli nqaku. Imigqomo baye pitch elingenammiselo. Ezi zibandakanya iintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo yesandi. Amagama, uluhlu leyo ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi, bonke bamele imigqomo (iintlobo ezahlukeneyo). Ukwahlula imigqomo ezinkulu nezincinci okhestra, pop ezinkulu nezincinane, kunye bongos, tom-tom-bass kunye uyakuthi.

igubu ezinkulu okhestra unomzimba zezindlu, macala omabini ligutyungelwe ngeplastiki okanye isikhumba. Lubonakala yi elisezantsi, phantsi, isandi enamandla, susa ihamile yomthi kunye incam ngokohlobo ibhola okanye ndaziva Waziva. Kuba imifinya yimigqomo namhlanje baqala ukusebenzisa zeplastiki umboniso endaweni isikhumba ngesikhumba. It has iipropati best zomculo kwaye ive kunye namandla ngaphezulu. Esilungise Igubu inwebu ngezikhonkwane sempi neefeleni ezimbini. Umzimba sesixhobo eyenziwe ngamaplanga okanye iphepha sobhedu camera art celluloid. Uphethe ubukhulu 680h365 mm. Igubu pop enkulu isakhiwo kunye nemilo okhestra efanayo. imilinganiso yalo 580h350 mm.

igubu Small okhestra yi itankana elifutshane omabini ligutyungelwe ngeplastiki okanye isikhumba. Inwebu (inwebu) ekhwele yezindlu ngokusebenzisa ngezikhonkwane nokubotshwa neefeleni ezimbini. Ukuba adlulisele isandi isixhobo umtya ezikhethekileyo ezithile okanye tailpiece (ezijikeleze) some phezu ndizayo ezantsi. Bona iqhutywa indlela reset. Ukusetyenziswa inwebu zokwenziwa kwemigqomo ngcono kakhulu ukuthembeka yokusebenza, iimpawu zomculo yiacoustic, intshumayelo kunye nobude nkonzo. igubu Small okhestra ineenkalo 340h170 mm. Idityanisiwe kuhlanganiselo bands Symphonic kunye zomkhosi. Igubu pop anabo isixhobo okhestra efanayo. imilinganiso yalo 356h118 mm.

igubu Tom-tom, bass kunye tom-tom-Ngokwentetho wecebo zahlukile. Zisetyenziswa kufakelo shock pop. Ukuba umculi Nantso iqhotyoshelwe kwigubu enkulu isibiyeli. Tom-tom, bass ekhwele ngenkxaso ekhethekileyo phantsi.

Bongos - isigubhu kokuba ubungakanani elincinane, kwelinye icala ndisolulele iplastiki okanye ngesikhumba. Bona ifakiwe ukufakelwa ezahlukeneyo yokothuka. UBongi ezihlangene ezisebenza ngokubakho.

Njengoko ubona, igubu ezininzi izixhobo yesandi. Amagama, uluhlu esele uchazwe apha ngasentla, uyakwazi kumana ukuquka ezinye iintlobo kancane.

isigubhu

Buben - kwilinen (ihupula) kwicala elinye leyo zeplastiki ndasolula okanye ngesikhumba. slot Special eyenziwe emzimbeni iringi. Bawafaka nembasa sobhedu phambi kwalo nangamacangci ezincinane okhestra. Ngaphakathi iringi ngamanye amaxesha ahamba okanye akuzange kwenziwa kwenziwa amakhonkco ezincinane, neentsimbi. Konke oku tinkles xa touch incinane edayimani, ukudala isandi okhethekileyo kakhulu. On ayekelele ndizayo ukuvelisa entendeni yesandla sakhe sasekunene (isiseko yayo) okanye zakho.

Diamonds asetyenziswa kunye iingoma, imidaniso. Kwi-East, virtuosity ifikelele nobugcisa ukudlala lo sixhobo. Kukho wkunyeiselwa wedwa ukudlala ingqongqo. DJF, def okanye Hawaii - lo Azerbaijani nibethe ingqongqo, hawala okanye daf - Armenian, daira - Georgian, doira - Tajik kunye Uzbek.

izixhobo Plate emgama

Siyaqhubeka ukuchaza izixhobo yesandi. Iifoto kunye namagama igubu ipleyiti zithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi. ngezixhobo, ukuba pitch ethile ekunokuthiwa Xylophone, lemarimba (marimbaphone) metallophone, iintsimbi, chimes, vibraphone.

Xylophone

Xylophone - iseti imivalo ngomthi ezohlukeneyo ngobukhulu ezihambelana izandi, ukuphakama ezahlukeneyo. Ezintweni ezenziwe Rosewood, nespruce, Anut, maple. Bona zibekwe ngokunxuseneyo kwimiqolo 4, emva umyalelo esikalini chromatic. Ezi ezintweni zifakwe kwi imitya emtyaba nezinzileyo kunye nemithombo bahlukane. Ngokusebenzisa le mingxuma ezenziwe izinti, intambo idlula. Xylophone kuba umdlalo zibekwe phezu kwetafile kwi equity gasket irabha, ezithi zibekwe ecaleni umtya esi sixhobo. Idlalwa ngeentonga ezimbini somthi, apho kufuneka ukuqina ekupheleni. Esi sixhobo isetyenziselwa udlala kwi okhestra okanye umdlalo wedwa.

Glockenspiel kunye lemarimba

Glockenspiel kunye lemarimba - kukwayinto entle izixhobo zezihlokomiso zomculo. Amafoto kunye namagama nabo malunga nantoni na wena? Sinikezela ukuba baqhelene nabo.

Metallophone - isixhobo somculo, efana Xylophone, kodwa ipleyiti yayo isandi ezenziwe ngesinyithi (ngobhedu okanye lubhedu). Amafoto thaca esingezantsi.

Lemarimba (marimbaphone) - sisixhobo apho izinto yixina iipleyiti ngamaplanga. Wamlenya Kwakhona resonators metal tubular ukuze ikhulise isandi.

Lemarimba uye mellow, ilizwi ethambileyo. Uluhlu lwe isandi sayo - 4 octaves. Indawo yokubeka nembasa, isixhobo eyenziwe Rosewood. Inika umculo elungileyo kunye neempawu ive le sixhobo. La manqaku mabini zicwangciswe kwi kwipleyiti isakhelo. Kumqolo wokuqala - ithoni imbasa esisiseko, kwaye eyesibini - halftone. Resonators ezifakwe kwimiqolo 2 kwisakhelo, lungisa amaza isandi kwamacwecwe ahambelanayo. Amafoto esi sixhobo ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.

Kwi inkxaso buyo ayinakutshintshwa iindawo ezingundoqo lemarimba. Kukwisakhelo bogie yenziwe aluminium. Oku inika amandla kunye nobunzima minimum eyaneleyo. Lemarimba esetyenziselwa iinjongo zemfundo kwakunye kumdlalo umsebenzi.

vibraphone

Esi sixhobo - iseti amacwecwe-aluminiyam, chromatically okuso, apho ibekwe yi umzekeliso ipiyano ikhibhodi kwimiqolo-2. Phezu kwetafile eliphezulu (isakhelo) ipleyiti iseti uzifake kunye imitya. Xa iziko phantsi ngamnye kubo ibekwe resonators zezindlu ixabiso ethile. Candani phakathi kwabo nakumphezulu axis apho ziyaxhonywa fan veerochki (impeller). Ekubeni lokungcangcazela kuyaphunyezwa. Icebo buffer na le sixhobo. Elidityaniswe kunye ezinyovwayo phantsi kwebhedi, ukuze abe nako lingavakali emlenzeni ephilileyo. Vibraphone wadlala nge-2, 3, 4, kwaye maxa wambi elikhulu inani kwizinti elide, ukuba shinyi, iibhola zerabha. Esi sixhobo lisetyenziswa okhestra symphony, kodwa ngaphezulu - pop okanye isixhobo wedwa. Amafoto thaca esingezantsi.

iintsimbi

Ngoncedo ezinye izixhobo zezihlokomiso zingadlalwa iokhestra kweentsimbi yokukhala? Impendulo echanekileyo - intsimbi. Le yingqokelela izixhobo zezihlokomiso ezisetyenziswa kwi-symphony kunye opera okhestra ukulungiselela le njongo. Bell Ziqulethe uluhlu iseti (pieces-12 ukuya kwi-18) kweetyhubhu zezindlu leyo okuso chromatically. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imibhobho intsimbi hrominovannye okanye ubhedu nickel ngumfanekiswana. ububanzi yabo ukusuka kuma-25 ukuya 38 mm. Ziye ke waxhonywa esikhethekileyo isakhelo-counter, okuphakama nama-2 m. Vuthelani ngumbhobho ngomthi ngehamile isandi kufunxwa. Bell zinikwe isixhobo ekhethekileyo (emoto-umatshini) ukwenzela damping isandi.

iintsimbi

It is a uyidla- eliquka iipleyiti zesinyithi 23-25 yalungisa chromatically. Bona zibekwe amanyathelo lemiqolo 2 kwibhokisi flat. Izitshixo amnyama ithile ngepiyano bahambelana kumqolo ongentla, namhlophe - emazantsi.

izixhobo zezihlokomiso Self-yixina

Ukuthetha ngento apha zizixhobo zibuphekhashini, (amagama kunye neentlobo), singasathethi ke amagubu self-egudileyo. Ukuze oku ntlobo ziquka ezi zixhobo zilandelayo: namacangci, tam-tama, oonxantathu, rattles, maracas, namakhenkcekhenkce, kunye nabanye.

plates

.K - ivili eyenziwe nickel yesilivere okanye yobhedu. Uninzi ungqukuva imilo ezimile neengcedevu disk. ezizibeni Isikhumba osebenza kwelo ziko. Continuous ukushaya isandi xa embetha nxamnye enye kwenye. Ngamanye amaxesha sebenzisa kwipleyiti enye. Ngoko ke isandi ngesibetho ususe ngebrashi ucingo okanye wand. Ifumaneka izithebe zeokhestra, "gong" yaye "iCharleston". ephilileyo yokukhala kabukhali.

Sixelele ukuba yintoni enye izixhobo yesandi. Iifoto kunye negama kunye nenkcazelo ukukunceda ukuba ukwazi kubo.

triangle orchestra

Triangle okhestra (ifoto ukuba ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi) - oku kuba ukumila elingunxantathu steel ibha evulekileyo. Esi sixhobo ngokukhululekileyo wanqunyanyiswa emdlalweni, uze siwela intonga yesinyithi, kanjalo enze iiphatheni ezahlukeneyo isingqisho. Umsindo, isandi luze unxantathu. Lusetyenziswa ensembles ezahlukeneyo kunye okhestra. Oonxantathu ziyafumaneka ngeentonga ezimbini ezenziwe ngentsimbi.

Gong okanye tam-tam - sediski lobhedu kokuba kumngcipheko egosogoso. Impukane ukuba incam kwakungcono liqalise iziko kwayo. Kungcono ninikane isandi mnyama, zamafu yaye zinzulu, ukufikelela amandla ngokupheleleyo ngcembe, hayi ngoko nangoko emva impembelelo.

Namakhenkcekhenkce, maracas

Nobuxhaka (iifoto kubo eboniswe ngezantsi) - kukho isixhobo intsomi eSpeyin. Imilo yesi sixhobo yamandulo umculo liqokobhe enxulumene ngentambo. Omnye wabo ujongene ungqukuva (phakathi) icala ukuya kwelinye. Bona eyenziwe ngeplastiki okanye oluqinile. Nobuxhaka ukuvelisa elinye okanye kabini.

Maracas - kuba iibhola iiplastiki okanye nezemithi, ezele wadubula (izixa ezincinane amaqhekeza nentsimbi) kunye enemifanekiso ihonjiswe nangaphandle. Bona mayixhotyiswe handle ukuze ngexesha umdlalo kahle ukubamba. iipatheni ezahlukeneyo zesingqisho olunokuveliswa yi ukungcangcazela maracas. Zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi pop band, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha orchestra.

Rattles - litshona fixed phezu kwipleyiti ngomthi ngamacangci ezincinane.

Le izixhobo eziphambili isihloko yesandi. Kakade ke, apho kukho abantu abaninzi ngakumbi. Sasidla ngokuthetha ngendlela edumileyo nezaziwayo.

Drum amisiweyo, iba lomculo iintlobo

Ukuze sibe nokuqonda okupheleleyo eli qela izixhobo, nto kubalulekile ukwazi iikiti ukwakheka igubu (iiseti). Avamise kakhulu kokwakhiwa ilandelayo: igubu ezinkulu nezincinane, esityeni esinye ezinkulu nezincinci, imazi ipleyiti hey umnqwazi ( "iCharleston"), bongos, tom-tom Alto, ndenze ngokuthetha, tom-tom and tom-tom-bass.

Phantsi phambi kwe njengophume olubekwe iibheringi ezinkulu igubu ukuba ukwenzela uzinzo imilenze. On top of igubu ingamiselwa kusetyenziswa izibiyeli tom-tom yimigqomo Alto kunye ndenze tom-tom. Inika kwakhona inkxaso eyongezelelweyo apho Iqinisekile a okhestra ipleyiti. Nokuqiniswa kwi igubu enkulu tom-tom Alto kunye ndenze izibiyeli tom-tom ezilawula ukuphakama kwawo.

emoto Mechanical - yinxalenye igubu bass. Artist besebenzisa isusa isandi yale isixhobo somculo. Ngokuyimfuneko ifakiwe igubu wabeka igubu pop encinane. It iqhotyoshelwe kunye uyile ezintathu othini lwaso: Cyber enye ukusonga ezimbini. ukuma Umi phantsi. Le bar, apho kubonelelwa ukulungisa kwindawo echazwe, kwakunye nefowuni njengomgibe nokujikeleza lwekeyboard.

Xa ngumgibe unalo silencer kwaye Ukuseta ngokutsha ifowuni, ezo zisetyenziswa ukunyenyisa ithoni. Kwakhona kubalwa isigubhu maxa wambi iquka ezinye ab ye tom-tom, violas tom-tom namagubu tom-tom ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo.

Kwakhona, kwikhithi igubu (photo kokuba kuboniswe ngezantsi) kubandakanya kumalungu namacangci yayo okhestra noseko, nesihlalo ukuma ngoomatshini for "iCharleston". Maracas, oonxantathu, namakhenkcekhenkce kunye nezinye izixhobo izixhobo ezinxulumene ingxolo ukuba ufakelo.

iinxalenye Replacement nezitsha

Ukuze nanceba nezincedisi kunye namalungu izixhobo zezihlokomiso kungabandakanya: wesundu ngamacangci okhestra, sisifu igubu, necangci "iCharleston" litavrovye isihange mechanical siqhuqha igubu (ezinkulu), inamathele igubu elincinane, iintlobo drumsticks okhestra brush, clappers kunye Isikhumba bass igubu, imixwayo, izipaji.

Shock-keyboards

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwahlula phakathi yokothuka-keyboard kunye nezixhobo zengxolo yesandi. To yokothuka-iqhosha libhekisela pianos. strings ipiyano zingqengqisiweyo, hits, ukuxakaxwa, ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu. Ipiyano yahlukile kuba ihamile wabetha kwicala le mvumi kwi ekubetheni. Le strings ziye Wasolula-moya nkqo. Ipiyano kunye nepiyano izandi ngenxa nokuqhama isandi amandla kunye nokuphakama, kwakunye namathuba amakhulu ezi zixhobo ezaziwa. Zombini zixhobo ngokuba ngazwi linye - "Piano". Piano - yinto ezineentambo zibuphekhashini, isixhobo ngokungqinelana indlela utsala yesandi.

mechanism kang esetyenziswa kuyo yinkqubo kwemigangatho ezinxulumene enye kwenye, nto leyo esebenza ukuze adlulisele imitya amandla iminwe nepiyano. Luquka ubucukubhede kunye yezitshixo. Keyboard - iseti yezitshixo, inani apho ingohluka ngokuxhomekeke uluhlu isandi ngesixhobo. Iindlela ngokwenene amacwecwe zeplastikhi njengesiqhelo. Emva koko sebenzisa nezikhonkwane zixhonywe keyboard isakhelo. Ngalinye izitshixo uye amatywina elikhokelayo, umqhubi, ikepusi ne-inshorensi. It adlulisele njengekhubalo uhlobo lokuqala ebisebenza yano kwi ukuma ubucukubhede. Ubucukubhede - nesenzo isando is kuguquka kufikela imitya nangezando imvumi amandla xa sitshixo sicinezelweyo. Le izando ezenziwe hornbeam kunye maple, waziva iimpawu kwakuse lwentloko yawo.