Izitya Old Russian: igama

izitya Old Russian into eyahlukileyo, nakubeni oko wadalwa ikakhulu ngomthi. nomtsalane yayo kubantu mihla ukuba mhle, nebychna nezokwenza xa zishishina zisithengisela yaba yinkqubo yoyilo yokwenene, uqinisile, nto leyo ebonisa nomfanekiso- iingcibi Russian.

Features Ware yamandulo

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, eRashiya zonke izinto ombiwe ngomthi, kananjalo nangenxa ukudla nokusela. Yiyo loo nto ke safika eliqela iisampuli ezimbalwa sobugcisa abanam. izitya Old Russian yi ezahlukeneyo - oko iindebe kunye emele kunye imiphanda, neenkamba oqingqiweyo. We wadala ezi mpawu kumaziko ezahlukeneyo izilawuli Russian, yaye inkosi nganye yahlukile ngesandla zabo ezizodwa. Ukupeyinta, kunye nangokukrola - oku umhombiso ixhaphakileyo zodongwe yamandulo. Namhlanje, ezi mveliso zingafumaneka ngaphandle kwiimyuziyam kodwa Kokuqokelelwa Kwabucala abalandeli kweediliya knick-knacks.

Ziziphi izinto yasetyenziswa

Ukudala izitya weza, kungekhona zonke iindidi zomthi. Kakhulu wayedla ezinde, Aspen kunye Conifers. ikalika Soft yasetyenziswa ukudala amacephe, neenkamba, nalivaek. Ngaphezu koko, amaxwebhu lidibana izitya zamandulo Russian, leyo igama etsala ingqalelo kunye nokwahluka yayo. Umzekelo, a tye icephe, ibhakethi lweenkobe - amagama afana musa nto kuthi, abantu bale mihla, baqhele kwiglasi, kunye porcelain tableware. Enyanisweni tye - ihlathi buti kunye inqanawa ingcambu - isitsha esenziwe enabayo olomeleleyo. Amafama becala zisetyenziselwa ukwenza izitya nawuphi na umthi - kunye wenxuwa, amaxolo, kunye iingcambu eguqukayo ekulula ukuba sifake. Kwaye kuyabiza yayigqalwa ingundaba of izitya - Kwingabula-phezulu emthini.

i-emele

Le izitya zamandulo Russian kuthi ngendlela elungisiweyo, njengoko imifuziselo zangoku ukuba zenziwe ngomthi. Metal amabhakethi eRashiya namhlanje adla ngokusetyenziswa kwiilali xa ngokuxhobisa iibhate. Xa Rus yakade emele ukuba ingqalelo uhlobo luqhelekileyo izitya leeholide zehlobo ibe yeyomnikelo - bakhonza ubusi, kvass, ibhiya. Le lomculo emele ezinkulu nezincinane wakhonza uhombiso yokwenene kwetafile.

Oku izitya yamandulo Russian ngenxa yewayini ebesoloko eziphambili kunye umdla, umzekelo, ngokohlobo esikhepheni, ezidadayo intaka. Kwi Northern Dvina wadala le esityeni izibambo, okungafani intloko nomsila nedada yakhe. Wadlala indima ebalulekileyo umzobo eliqaqambileyo ukuba banxibe ezi mpawu ubomi Sasungulwa elula. Kweli phondo yaseTver, iingcibi zasekuhlaleni ukudala imithambo yegazi ngokohlobo entloko zehashe, ezihonjiswe imikrolo kunye elisesifubeni lesinxibo zejometri kweli ziko, nto leyo luphawu mandulo kwelanga. Kwaye ngo 1558, ebudeni bolawulo Ivana Groznogo, phezu imiyalelo yakhe-emele yadalwa, ihonjiswe ngamatye esafire ezinkulu ezintathu. Namhlanje, ngumsebenzi wobugcisa lugcinwe kwenye iimyuziyam eJamani, apho waye ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic.

Emele kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo

iinkosi eMoscow wadala amabhakethi le chap, leyo ikuvumela ukugcina ipateni wokudla omhle. Ezi mveliso waba uhlobo esikhepheni, a ezantsi tyaba kunye impumlo etsolo kunye nomqheba we emfutshane tye. Izitya udonga exineneyo elide yaye kusetyenziswa ungqameko inlay yesilivere olongezelelweyo. Kozmodemyansk emele wadala Linden kwaye ezimile eMoscow, kodwa inzulu kakhulu yaye esikhulu umthamo. Wenza emele iinkosi yaseTver yagubha iingcambu zomthi kaninzi ngokohlobo isikhephe evuthelweyo. Kodwa kwimimandla esemantla zadalwa, amabhakethi skopkari - impahla kwi emkhombeni izibambo ezimbini, enye yazo ibithethwa luqhutywa ngohlobo intaka okanye intloko a zehashe.

Breadbox kunye solonitsa

Oku izitya yamandulo Russian nayo ibe phawu olusisinyanzelo nayiphi itafile, ngenxa yokuba isonka kunye netyuwa amacandelo ebalulekileyo ekutyeni. Breadbox esetyenziselwa ukugcina iimveliso zomgubo, yaye babesenza ixhwane bast - maleko umthi buti leyo ifumaneka phakathi Uqweqwe kunye engundoqo. Ezo izitya Ikhusela isonka esivela ukungunda nokufuma.

Ityuwa eRashiya eninzi, ngoko ukudala izitya ukugcina isondela ngenyameko. Solonitsa yenziwe iintlobo ezimbini ezisisiseko - ekwimo isitulo, ezinyuka ziye isihlalo sokucamagusha okanye intaka zokudada. entle kakhulu kwaye engaqhelekanga khangela izitya ezindala Russian - mifanekiso isibonisa njani ingqalelo kakhulu yahlawulwa kwiziqalelo yokudweba kunye nangokukrola.

Bratina, nezitsha nesivalo

Ukuba igama "emele" yaye "solonitsa" (nangona kaninzi ukukubiza "ityuwa isihlukuhli") eziqhelekileyo kuwo wonke umntu, igama elithi "Bratina" nzima ngakumbi. Kungenzeka, igama izitya livela igama elithi "Bratchina", nto leyo kwakuthetha isidlo festive. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko kwenziwa ngohlobo ibhola, nto leyo isithsaba top-lukhuni abamba elintlangothi egosogoso. Old Isivatho Russian kwi izitya yale hlobo yayahluke ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, iye yasinda senziwe Bratina ngenkulungwane XVIII, ezihonjiswe imizobo eluhlobo Imihlubulo kunye umbhalo. Hi ndlela leyi, lo mbhalo wadlala indima enkulu kuyilo zodongwe yamandulo. Bakwazi ukuthetha ngezinto ezininzi malunga indawo kunye nomhla yendalo lesiphumo, umkhosi wayo, njalo-njalo.

Siye asetyenziswe kwimihla yakudala nezitya, ezo neepani ezibanzi elintlangothi eliphantsi. Baye bakhonza izitya eqhotsiweyo wazosa, kwaye maxe- nkqu izonka wapheka. Eyelid wamisela dish lume, leyo, wayifulela isiciko phezulu kwaye baxhotyiswe Ukongezelela kunye izibambo. Isetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo: ngokuba iikeyiki ukubhaka, ukugcinwa, kvass, izitya inyama zokupheka. Emva koko, lo esityeni kuye kwafika kubo kuthi pan.

Nesicumba komityi

Ukuba yonke into ngu cups ecacileyo, emfuleni - izitya zamandulo Russian, apho amagama abo ezahlukeneyo; indebe, kunye yandova kunye Bratina. Le tableware isitya setyhula ezenziwe ngobhedu okanye bast, eyayisetyenziselwa ukusela utywala, ubusi ngumash. Ezo ziindawo manani isitayile njengoko idada, irhanisi, umqhagi, ehlasela kunye ummandla ngamnye imizobo yabo. De kube ngoku, ezifana neempahla begcinelwe Karelia - ukuba ukudala kwintlambo iinkuni Linden, um-oki, maple okanye ezinde.

iinkosi yaseTver wadala intlambo ilungileyo le chap (ukwakha-phezulu emthini). Ezi zidlo lwenziwa ngokohlobo lwendebe phezu pallet ekhethekileyo (mbhoxo okanye isikwere) eya kuthi yongezwe Senga-nokukhutshwa. Izembe iimpahla ukuqhubekekiswa, ngoko equalized ize.

Stavtsev neenkamba

izitya engaqhelekanga kwaye inemibalabala kakhulu yamandulo Russian eyenziwe ngomthi, kunye namagama yakhe maxa wambi kakhulu ezingalindelekanga. Umzekelo, ngokuba stavets ukutya yasetyenziswa, leyo wadalwa vytachivaniem kumatshini okhethekileyo. Le izitya yaba izitya ezibini inzulu - ababekhonza esicikweni, kodwa ingasetyenziswa njenge ipleyiti. Kaloku, yintoni neenkamba itafile festive angenza ntoni ngaphandle? Mhlawumbi le ngxenye impahla ifumaneka ezininzi - elihle ntshinyela icephe ngomthi, zazihonjiswe ngemizobo. Ngo Stavtsev eRashiya kunye neziqhamo eyondliwe emkhumbini kunye nemifuno. Kodwa kwakukho izitya ukuba uhlobo oluthile yeziqhamo - lemongrass, Imifuno Man, borage.

iintlobo ezininzi iinkamba somthi e Veliky Novgorod. Wakhangela iimveliso ingakumbi ezintle unayo njengoko navuswa micingeni. Eyona isoloko isetyenziswa qhina zokuhomba, leyo enze umsonto indlela nentaba. Kodwa kwimimandla esemantla zadalwa Shadrova amacephe yayihonjiswe ngamathambo okanye namazinyo. Ukongeza, ummandla ngamnye imilo yayo icephe ezizodwa. Umzekelo, endle wadala Gorkovskaya iinkamba, isaladi, ukuloba, amacephe ezingcakacileyo leyo hlukile ajikelezayo nokusingatha amaninzi ngesiphatho. LaseKirov icephe hlukile nemihlakulwana ovoid kunye nomqheba we flat.

impahla yokusela

Xa Rus yaMandulo zonke iimpahla, asetyenziswe ekuseleni, ebizwa utywala okanye kwindawo yentselo. Kulo mzekelo, igama phantse umdla nganye kwaye original ngokwemiqathango ngemvelaphi. Mhlawumbi inqanawa kakhulu elula neqondakalayo yi umphanda - kwalo iziselo babakhonza. Uhlobo imbiza leyo kumgan ibolekwe kubamelwane ukuya ngasempuma, zibambe intamo emxinwa, Senga elide nokusingatha. Amanzi agcinwe kumgans rhoqo, ngoko imali enkulu. Olovyanniki - kukwayinto entle uhlobo umphanda. Igcina nimkhonze iziselo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa imveliso iglasi eRashiya, imeko umdla kakhulu. Ngoko ke, oko wayesele esaziwa igama elithi "steklyantsy 'ngenkulungwane XII, kodwa wayewathenga kwamanye amazwe.

ukubukeka iglasi nempahla umdla kakhulu, izitya Old Wood. Imifanekiso evela yemihla neerekhodi yamandulo zibonisa ukuba uninzi lwezi mpawu kufuneka ibe lula, ngqo, yaye zahluke kuphela imifanekiso kunye izivatho. Cookware wabiza kwimbonakalo okanye izinto ezisetyenziswa ukwenza oko.